Radiobiología molecular en cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas: factores pronósticos y predictivos de respuesta

El cáncer de pulmón de célula no pequeña (CPCNP) es la principal causa de muerte por cáncer a nivel mundial, generando un enorme impacto económico y social que no ha dejado de crecer en los últimos años. El tratamiento oncológico para esta neoplasia engloba, de forma habitual, a la cirugía, quimioterapia, tratamientos sobre dianas moleculares y radiación ionizante. El pronóstico en términos de supervivencia global (SG) y las respuestas terapéuticas dispares entre pacientes, pueden explicarse, en gran medida, por la existencia de perfiles moleculares ampliamente heterogéneos. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue la identificación de firmas génicas pronósticas y predictivas de respuesta al tratamiento oncológico (radioterápico), que pudieran ayudar en la toma de decisiones terapéuticas en paciente afectos de CPCNP. Para ello, tomando como referencia los patrones de expresión génicos diferenciales entre líneas celulares comerciales, diferenciadas por su perfil de respuesta a radiación ionizante (líneas radiosensibles vs. radiorresistentes) y extrapolando dichos resultados a una cohorte de 107 pacientes afectos de CPCNP que habían recibido tratamiento radioterápico (entre otras terapias), obtuvimos una firma génica con capacidad para pronosticar supervivencia y capaz de predecir la supervivencia libre de progresión (SLP), lo cual podría traducirse en una predicción de la respuesta al tratamiento oncológico recibido. Los pacientes que se asociaban con la firma pronóstica desfavorable tenían una mediana de SG de 24.13 meses contra 71,47 meses de la firma favorable y una mediana de SLP de 12,65 meses contra 47,11 meses de los pacientes con firma favorable

Cultural Heritage 3D management by open standars. The Tower of La Muela of Ágreda (Soria)

Las instituciones implicadas en la gestión del patrimonio utilizan en la actualidad sistemas de información para cubrir la demanda de información, catalogación, gestión y difusión del patrimonio. La utilización de estándares abiertos en dichos sistemas permitiría una mejora susceptible en el ámbito de la interoperabilidad. El objetivo de este artículo es el planteamiento de un modelo de datos y la descripción de las posibilidades que ofrece en este sentido. El modelo está basado en información espacial tridimensional a través del estándar abierto e interoperable CityGML (estándar OGC). La exposición se realiza a partir del caso concreto de un modelo tridimensional creado desde el Proyecto de Rehabilitación de la Torre de la Muela de Ágreda.Today, cultural institutions in charge of cultural heritage management use Information Systems in order to comply with heritage dissemination, cataloguing and managing tasks. The use of open standards would allow them to sensitively improve in the field of interoperability. The aim of this paper is describing a data model and its possibilities in this regard. This model is based on three-dimensional spatial based data through the open and interoperable standard CityGML (standard OGC). This proposal is based on a specific three-dimensional model created by the Rehabilitation Project of the Torreón de la Muela de Ágreda.Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Historia del Art

Subjective quality assessment of multichannel audio accompanied with video in representative broadcasting genres

Immersive broadcasting applications have received a lot of attention in the last years. In this context, the development of advanced HDTV and 3DTV formats is being successfully adopted by the consumer market, having a strong impact in the way that traditional broadcasting contents are displayed to final users. Together with the above advances in video technology, multichannel spatial audio has also experienced a considerable impulse within the audiovisual industry. However, the need for specific production tools and loudspeaker setups corresponding to multiple competing audio formats seems to be an important factor affecting their adoption by the consumer community. Moreover, it is well-known that the perceived audio quality is highly influenced by the reproduction context, where the existing multimodal interaction between audio and video plays a very important role. This paper presents a formal evaluation of the perceived sound quality provided by several spatial audio formats accompanied with video in the context of television broadcasting. Stereo, advanced surround formats and 3D Binaural sound are evaluated considering a set of representative broadcasting contents (sports, movies, music and animation) to assess their impact on the perceptual attributes contemplated within the international recommendations.The Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and FEDER supported this work under the projects TEC2012-37945- 1091 C02- 01/02.Cobos Serrano, M.; López Monfort, JJ.; Navarro Ruiz, JM.; Ramos Peinado, G. (2015). Subjective quality assessment of multichannel audio accompanied with video in representative broadcasting genres. Multimedia Systems. 21(4):363-379. doi:10.1007/s00530-013-0340-2S363379214Apostolopoulos, J., Chou, P., Culbertson, B., Kalker, T., Trott, M., Wee, S.: The road to immersive communication. Proc. IEEE 100(4), 974–990 (2012). doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2011.2182069Huang, Y., Chen, J., Benesty, J.: Immersive audio schemes. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 28(1), 20–32 (2011). doi: 10.1109/MSP.2010.938754Huynh-Thu, Q., Barkowsky, M., Le Callet, P.: The importance of visual attention in improving the 3D-TV viewing experience: overview and new perspectives. IEEE Trans. Broadcast. 57(2), 421–431 (2011). doi: 10.1109/TBC.2011.2128250Wang, K., Barkowsky, M., Brunnstrom, K., Sjostrom, M., Cousseau, R., Le Callet, P.: Perceived 3D TV transmission quality assessment: multi-laboratory results using absolute category rating on quality of experience scale. IEEE Trans. Broadcast. PP(99), 1 (2012). doi: 10.1109/TBC.2012.2191031Zhang, L., Vazquez, C., Knorr, S.: 3D-TV content creation: automatic 2D-to-3D video conversion. IEEE Trans. Broadcast. 57(2), 372–383 (2011). doi: 10.1109/TBC.2011.2122930Kyriakakis, C., Tsakalides, P., Holman, T.: Surrounded by sound. IEEE Signal Process. 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Istanbul, Turkey (2008)Zielinski, S., Rumsey, F., Bech, S.: Subjective audio quality trade-offs in consumer multichannel audio-visual delivery systems. Part I: Effects of high frequency limitation. In: Proceedings of the AES 112th Convention. Munich, Germany (2002)Bech, S., Zacharov, N.: Perceptual audio evaluation—theory, method and application. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester (2006)Brotherton, M.D., Huynh-Thu, Q., Hands, D.S., Brunnstrom, K.: Subjective multimedia quality assessment. IEICE Trans. Fundam. Electron. Commun. Comput. Sci. E89-A(11), 2920–2932 (2006)Jumisko-Pyykkö, S., Hakkinen, J., Nyman, G.: Experienced quality factors—qualitative evaluation approach to audiovisual quality. In: Proceedings of 19th SPIE Annual Symposium on Electronic Imaging. San Jose, California, USA (2007)Recommendation ITU-R BS.775-1: Multichannel Stereophonic Sound System With and Without Accompanying Picture. 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Barcelona, Spain (2005)Theile, G., Wittek, H.: Principles in surround recordings with height. In: Proceedings of the 130th AES Convention. London, UK (2011)Dolby ProLogic IIz. http://www.dolby.com/ . Accessed 05 July 2012Kim, S., Lee, Y.W., Pulkki, V.: New 10.2-channel vertical surround system (10.2-VSS); comparison study of perceived audio quality in various multichannel sound systems with height loudspeakers. In: Proceedings of the 129th AES Convention. San Francisco, USA (2010)Algazi, V.R., Duda, R.Q.: Headphone-based spatial sound. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 28(1), 33–42 (2011)Moller, H., Sorensen, M.F., Jensen, C.B., Hammershoi, D.: Binaural technique: do we need individual recordings? J. Audio Eng. Soc. 44, 451–468 (1996)Jumisko-Pyykkö, S., Weitzel, M., Strohmeier, D.: Designing for user experience: what to expect from mobile 3D TV and video? In: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Designing Interactive User Experiences for TV and Video (UXTV ’08). Mountain View, CA, USA (2008)Goldstein, E.B.: Sensation and Perception. Wadsworth Publishing, Belmont (2002)Jumisko-Pyykkö, S.: User-Centered Quality of Experience and its Evaluation Methods for Mobile Television. Ph.D. thesis, Tampere University of Technology (2011)Hollier, M.P., Rimell, A.N., Hands, D.S., Voelcker, R.M.: Multi-modal perception. BT Technol. J. 17(1), 35–46 (1999)Hands, D.S.: A basic multimedia quality model. IEEE Trans. Multimed. 6(6), 806–816 (2004)Beerends, J.G., de Caluwe, F.E.: The influence of video quality on perceived audio quality and vice versa. J. Audio Eng. Soc. 47(5), 355–362 (1999)You, J., Reiter, U., Hannuksela, M.M., Gabbouj, M., Perkins, A.: Perceptual-based quality assessment for audio-visual services: a survey. Signal Process. Image Commun. 25, 482–501 (2010)Jones, C., Atkinson, D.J.: Development of opinion-based audiovisual quality models for desktop video-teleconferencing. 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MAP17 (PDZK1IP1) and pH2AX are potential predictive biomarkers for rectal cancer treatment efficacy

Rectal cancer represents approximately 10% of cancers worldwide. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy increases complete pathologic response and local control, although it offers a poor advantage in survivorship and sphincter saving compared with that of radiotherapy alone. After preoperative chemoradiotherapy, approximately 20% of patients with rectal cancer achieve a pathologic complete response to the removed surgical specimen; this response may be related to a better prognosis and an improvement in disease-free survival. However, better biomarkers to predict response and new targets are needed to stratify patients and obtain better response rates. MAP17 (PDZK1IP1) is a small, 17 kDa non-glycosylated membrane protein located in the plasma membrane and Golgi apparatus and is overexpressed in a wide variety of human carcinomas. MAP17 has been proposed as a predictive biomarker for reactive oxygen species, ROS, inducing treatments in cervical tumors or laryngeal carcinoma. Due to the increase in ROS, MAP17 is also associated with the marker of DNA damage, phosphoH2AX (pH2AX). In the present manuscript, we examined the values of MAP17 and pH2AX as surrogate biomarkers of the response in rectal tumors. MAP17 expression after preoperative chemoradiotherapy is able to predict the response to chemoradiotherapy, similar to the increase in pH2AX. Furthermore, we explored whether we can identify molecular targeted therapies that could help improve the response of these tumors to radiotherapy. In this sense, we found that the inhibition of DNA damage with olaparib increased the response to radio- and chemotherapy, specifically in tumors with high levels of pH2AX and MAP17.Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity, Plan Estatal de I+D+I 2013–2016, ISCIII (Fis: PI15/00045) and CIBER de Cáncer (CB16/12/00275)co-funded by FEDER from Regional Development European Funds (European Union), Consejería de Ciencia e Innovación (CTS-1848)Consejería de Salud of the Junta de Andalucía (PI-0096–2014)

Efficacy of bortezomib in sarcomas with high levels of MAP17 (PDZK1IP1

Sarcomas are malignant tumors accounting for a high percentage of cancer morbidity and mortality in children and young adults. Surgery and radiation therapy are the accepted treatments for most sarcomas; however, patients with metastatic disease are treated with systemic chemotherapy. Many tumors display marginal levels of chemoresponsiveness, and new treatment approaches are needed. MAP17 is a small non-glycosylated membrane protein overexpressed in carcinomas. The levels of MAP17 could be used as a prognostic marker to predict the response to bortezomib in hematological malignancies and in breast tumors. Therefore, we analyzed the expression of this oncogene in sarcomas and its relationship with clinico-pathological features, as well as tested whether it can be used as a new biomarker to predict the therapeutic response to bortezomib and new therapies for sarcomas. We found that the levels of MAP17 were related to clinical features and poor survival in a cohort of 69 patients with different sarcoma types, not being restricted to any special subtype of tumor. MAP17 expression is associated with poor overall survival (p<0.001) and worse disease-free survival (p=0.002). Cell lines with high levels of MAP17 show a better response to bortezomib in vitro. Furthermore, patient-derived xenografts (PDX) with high levels of MAP17 respond to bortezomib in vivo. Our results showed that this response is due to the lower levels of NFκB and autophagy activation. Therefore, we suggest that MAP17 is a new biomarker to predict the efficacy of bortezomib as a new therapy for sarcomas.España, Consejeria de Ciencia e innovación CTS-6844 and CTS-1848Andalucia, Consejería de Salud PI-0029-2013Andalucia, Consejería de Salud PI-0096-2014Andalucia, Consejería de Salud PI-0306-201

PAI1 is a Marker of Bad Prognosis in Rectal Cancer but Predicts a Better Response to Treatment with PIM Inhibitor AZD1208

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. The standard treatment in locally advanced rectal cancer is preoperative radiation alone or in combination with chemotherapy, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Rectal cancer is highly lethal, with only 20% of patients showing a complete remission (by RECIST) after standard treatment, although they commonly show local or systemic relapse likely due to its late detection and high chemotherapy resistance, among other reasons. Here, we explored the role of PAI1 (Serpin E1) in rectal cancer through the analyses of public patient databases, our own cohort of locally advanced rectal cancer patients and a panel of CRC cell lines. We showed that PAI1 expression is upregulated in rectal tumors, which is associated with decreased overall survival and increased metastasis and invasion in advanced rectal tumors. Accordingly, PAI1 expression is correlated with the expression of (Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition) EMT-associated genes and genes encoding drug targets, including the tyrosine kinases PDGFRb, PDGFRa and FYN, the serine/threonine kinase PIM1 and BRAF. In addition, we demonstrate that cells expressing PAI1 protein are more sensitive to the PIM inhibitor AZD1208, suggesting that PAI1 could be used to predict response to treatment with PIM inhibitors and to complement radiotherapy in rectal tumors.España Consejería de Salud of the Junta de Andalucía (PI-0397-2017)España , Consejeria of Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad of the Junta de Andalucia (P18-RT-2501

Qué necesitan los estudiantes de Periodismo para su inserción laboral. Análisis de la demanda del mercado laboral de las empresas de comunicación.

PIMCD nº 176, realizado por el grupo Research and Learning of Media and Communications Management. Investigación y Enseñanza de la Gestión de los Medios y la Comunicación (MediaCom UCM) www.ccinf.es/mediacom/Primera fase de trabajo para fijar descriptores que identifiquen comportamientos formativos de entrada en el mercado laboral. En esta fase se han encontrado 442 oferentes de contratos en prácticas para estudiantes de Periodismo. Los datos obtenidos se articulan de acuerdo a dos subsecciones: sectores empresariales y empresas; a su vez, cada subsector, atendiendo al índice de recepción de alumnos y la descripción cualitativa de los puestos.Depto. de Periodismo y Comunicación GlobalFac. de Ciencias de la InformaciónFALSEsubmitte

Culex pipiens as a potential vector for transmission of Dirofilaria immitis and other unclassified Filarioidea in Southwest Spain

Dirofilaria immitis is one of the most frequently detected mosquito-transmitted zoonotic filarioid nematode in mammals in Europe, being canine dirofilariosis a major animal health problem, endemic in the Mediterranean area. This study, focused on Southwest Spain, in order to bring new insights into (i) the epidemiology of Dirofilaria spp., (ii) the species of Culicid vectors possibly involved in their transmission and (iii) the genetic variability of those potential vectors. A total of 881 adult female mosquitoes from 11 different species, were captured during 2012–2013, and detection of filarioid DNA was attempted by PCR using specific primers (ITS-2 and COI), followed by DNA sequencing. In a single Culex pipiens specimen D. immitis DNA was detected both in the head-thorax and abdomen sections. Filarioid nematode DNA was also detected in eight additional Cx. pipiens specimens also in both the thorax and the abdomen, but analysis of sequence data did not allow unambiguous assignment of any of the obtained sequences to a previously defined species. All Cx. pipiens with filarioid DNA were individually analysed by CQ11 to discriminate between pipiens, molestus, and hybrid forms. Besides, rDNA ITS-2 sequence analysis revealed the presence of haplotype H1 and H2 of Cx. pipiens. To our knowledge this study revealed, for the first time in Spain, the occurrence of likely mature infection of D.immitis in Cx. pipiens, as well as with other yet uncharacterized nematodes, supporting its role as a potential vector of these filarids.Part of this work was funded through the research project (IB10044) of the ―Consejería de Economía, Comercio e Innovación‖ of the Extremadura regional Government (Spain). DBB holds a scholarship from the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports of Spain (FPU grant AP2010-5854). Work done during the stay in the Global Health and Tropical Medicine in Lisbon, funded by Banco Santander, SA through program ―Becas Iberoamérica. Jóvenes Profesores e Investigadores. Santander Universidades 2014.http://www.elsevier.com/locate/vetpar2017-06-30hb2016Immunolog

Proyectos de emprendimiento para la empleabilidad de titulados en periodismo

Objetivo principal: poner a disposición de los alumnos de segundo ciclo del Grado de Periodismo un espacio de coworking en condiciones adecuadas así como docentes que les tutelen para que puedan afrontar sus ideas y proyectarlas hacia el mercado de la Comunicación, en el que puedan desarrollar sus proyectos periodísticos y lograr la creación de una micro-pyme informativa y/o de comunicación. Objetivos específicos: a) Diseñar un marco integral de conocimientos a partir de las competencias periodísticas aprendidos en la titulación de periodismo: la empresa informativa, la estructura, la tecnología, la dirección y gestión periodística y de medios, para acercar a los estudiantes al mundo empresarial. b) Facilitar la salida al mercado laboral, empresarial y en Comunicación a cuantas ideas de negocio se valoren como posibles y se puedan gestionar desde estos espacios de trabajo colaborativo, mediante la tutorización y la mentoría. En cuanto a la metodología aplicada, se trata de evaluar y proyectar ideas creativas previas a su lanzamiento al mercado, a partir de una personalidad jurídica concreta y presumible (viabilidad societaria), durante el cuatrimestre de trabajo (fase de recuperación de datos) a partir de dos grupos (muestra total de unos 132 alumnos) divididos en 18 equipos (17 presenciales y uno virtual) organizados a partir de un proyecto de innovación docente. Se les explica el contenido del proyecto y las razones de llevarlo a cabo, tras lo cual sólo 16 alumnos han decidido no participar, por lo que el total de alumnos participantes ha sido de 116. Los espacios de desarrollo metodológico se sitúan en el marco de las clases de 4º curso del Grado de Periodismo, asignatura de “Dirección y Gestión de Empresas Periodísticas”, grupos A y C, durante el 2ª Cuatrimestre del curso 2017-2018 (enero-mayo) y termina con una presentación de cada proyecto a la finalización del periodo lectivo. Destacar como resultados más notables que de los 18 equipos que todos son proyectos nativos digitales y que internet es la red por excelencia que les acoge y les permite distribuir sus productos a partir de contenidos periodísticos de información, bien generalista o de diferentes temáticas que a su vez se van especializando. Seis de estos proyectos se basan en la información general y otros cuatro establecen la información cultural como el valor fundamental sobre el que descansa su idea emprendedora. Ocho proyectos se distinguen por ser considerados temáticos con especializaciones muy diversas: el fútbol sala y la hípica (en el marco deportivo); la arquitectura; la información universitaria; videojuegos y tecnología; los productos lácteos (alimentación); sobre la tercera edad, y sobre el negocio de las “bodas… y divorcios”. Se observa una clara tendencia para su oportunidad de negocio y encuentran razones de mercado para un lanzamiento a corto – medio plazo. Uno de estos proyectos está residente en Tetuán Valley

Actividad física, ejercicio y deporte en la lucha contra la obesidad infantil y juvenil

El propósito del presente documento es proponer desde el grupo de expertos en ejercicio físico y salud de EXERNET (Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud) una serie de recomendaciones sobre la práctica de la actividad física y deportiva que a nivel individual, familiar e institucional ayuden a prevenir y tratar la obesidad infantil y juvenil, basadas en la evidencia científi ca actual