Cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of four different extracts of Galega officinalis L (Goat’s rue)

Purpose: To evaluate the cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of four different solvent extracts obtained from the aerial parts of Galega officinalis L.Methods: The hexane, DCM, methanol and water extracts of G. officinalis were successively obtained by soxhlet extraction method. The cytotoxic activity of the extracts was assessed against human lung carcinoma (A-549), human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29), human brain glioblastoma (U-87), and colon adenocarcinoma (DLD-1) by Resazurine test. The antioxidant activity of extracts were determined by Folin-Ciocalteau, oxygen radical absorbing capacity (ORAC), and 2’.7’-dichlorofluorescin-diacetate (DCFH-DA) cell-based assay while their anti-inflammatory activity was determined by nitric oxide (NO) assay.Results: DCM extract showed strong cytotoxic activity against lung adenocarcinoma and brain glioblastoma cell lines, with IC50 (concentration inhibiting 50 % of cell growth) values of 11 ± 0.4 and 16 ± 3 μg/mL, respectively. The hexane extract showed moderate anticancer activity against the same cell lines (59 ± 13 and 63 ± 16 μg/mL, respectively). DCM extract also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity, inhibiting NO release by 86.7 % at 40 μg/mL in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - stimulated murine RAW 264.7 macrophages. Of all test extracts, the methanol extract of G. officinalis showed the highest antioxidant activity with 2.33 ± 0.09 μmol Trolox/mg , 7.10 ± 0.9 g tannic acid equivalent (TAE), and IC50 of 44 ± 4 μg/mL.Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that DCM extract may possess anticancer effect against lung adenocarcinoma and brain glioblastoma, as well as serve as an anti-inflammatory agent.Keywords: Galega officinalis L, Biological activity, Bioassay, Anticancer, Lung adenocarcinoma, Brain glioblastoma, Goat’s ru

THE EFFECTS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS ON PHENOLIC COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT METABOLISM IN CALLUS CULTURE OF COMMON DAISY

Background: Exogenous pretreatment of oxidative stress on callus cultures of Bellis perennis L. (common daisy) induced catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total phenolic, total flavonoid, total protein and selected commercial phenolic compounds production and accumulation. Materials and Methods: The callus culture obtained from B. perennis pedicel explants was incubated on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) containing 10 mM H2O2 or 0 mM H2O2 (for control group) for 10 hours. Twenty phenolic compounds (apigenin, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, gallic acid, genistein, kaempferol, luteolin, myricetin, procyanidin-C1, quercetin, rutin hydrate, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, salicylic acid, sinapic acid, chlorogenic acid, hesperedin, naringenin, rosmarinic acid and isorhamnetin) were detected by LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis in methanolic extracts of 10 mM H2O2 and control treatments. Results: A predominant phenolic compound was chlorogenic acid followed by rutin hydrate, caffeic acid, luteoline, isorhamnetin, quercetin, myricetin, apigenin, p-coumaric acid and kaempferol. No gallic acid, genistein, procyanidin-C1, vanillic acid, sinapic acid, hesperidin and naringenin were detected in H2O2 treatment and control groups of B. perennis. The total phenolic contents estimated were in the order of H2O2 treatment (285.36 μg/g dw) and control (220.79 μg/g dw) groups. The biosynthesis and accumulation of kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin and isorhamnetin were only determined in H2O2 treatment callus materials. The H2O2 pretreatment clearly showed in a raise in enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities. Finally, a significant positive correlation between phenolic accumulation and comprehensive activities of CAT, SOD, total phenolic, total flavonoid and proline was accessible. Conclusion: The present results suggest that using H2O2 as an elicitor or a stimulant plays a significant enhancement role in special phenolic molecules biosynthesis and activation of antioxidant metabolism on callus cultures of B. perennis

Antiproliferative Activity of Some Medicinal Plants on Human Breast and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines and their Phenolic Contents

Purpose: To determine the phenolic composition and antiproliferative activity of 16 different extracts (hexane, dichloromethane, methanol and water) obtained from Bellis perennis, Convolvulus galaticus, Trifolium pannonicum and Lysimachia vulgaris on human breast cancer (MCF-7) and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2/C3A) cell lines.Methods: The aerial parts of the plants were successively extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, methanol and water using a Soxhlet apparatus. The phenolic content of the plants were determined by plants by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) while their antiproliferative activity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide, a yellow tetrazole (MTT) assay.Results: Among the tested extracts, the methanol extract of B. perennis showed the best antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cell line with IC50 (inhibiting 50 % of cell growth) value of 71.6 μg/mL. Furthermore, the dichloromethane extract of C. galaticus showed the best anti-proliferative activity against HepG2/C3A cell line with IC50 of 57.3 μg/mL. The HPLC data for the plant extracts showed the presence of the following phenolic compounds: gallic acid monohydrate, caffeic acid, rutin hydrate, luteolin-7-O-β-D glucoside, kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, coumarin and apigenin.Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that there is some justification for the use of B. perennis and C. galaticus as traditional anticancer medicinal herbs.Keywords: Bellis perennis, Convolvulus galaticus, Trifolium pannonicum subsp. elongatum, Lysimachia vulgaris, MCF-7, HepG2/C3A, Phenolics, Breast cancer, Antiproliferativ

EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTITUMOR, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES AND PHENOLIC CONSTITUENTS OF FIELD-GROWN AND IN VITRO-GROWN LYSIMACHIA VULGARIS L.

Background: Lysimachia vulgaris L. (Yellow loosestrife) is a medicinal plant in the family Myrsinaceae. It has been used in the treatment of fever, ulcer, diarrhea and wounds in folk medicine. It has also analgesic, expectorant, astringent and antiinflammatory activities. Two different sources of the plant (field-grown and in vitro-grown) were used to evaluate the biological activities (antibacterial, antitumor and antioxidant) of L. vulgaris. In vitro-grown plant materials were collected from L. vulgaris plants that were previously regenerated in our laboratory. Materials and Methods: Plant materials were extracted with water, ethanol and acetone. For antibacterial test, disc diffusion method and 10 different pathogenic bacteria were used. Antioxidant activity was indicated by using DPPH method. The total phenol amount by using Folin-Ciocaltaeu method and the total flavonoid amount by using aluminum chloride (AlCl3) colorimetric method were determined. Results: Generally, yellow loosestrife extracts demonstrated antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and Streptococcus pyogenes). Strong antitumor activity of yellow loosestrife was observed via potato disc diffusion bioassay. Nine different phenolics were also determined and compared by using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Conclusion: Future investigations should be focused on fractionation of the extracts to identify active components for biological activity

Care burden and quality of life of home caregivers

This study was conducted to determine the care burden and quality of life of the primary caregivers of home care patients and to investigate the factors that affect them and the relationship between them. The study was designed as a descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study. The quality of life of caregivers who expressed that they had financial problems was lower than those who did not have financial problems (p [Med-Science 2020; 9(3.000): 714-20

Cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of four different extracts of <i>Galega officinalis</i> L (Goat’s rue)

Purpose: To evaluate the cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of four different solvent extracts obtained from the aerial parts of Galega officinalis L.Methods: The hexane, DCM, methanol and water extracts of G. officinalis were successively obtained by soxhlet extraction method. The cytotoxic activity of the extracts was assessed against human lung carcinoma (A-549), human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29), human brain glioblastoma (U-87), and colon adenocarcinoma (DLD-1) by Resazurine test. The antioxidant activity of extracts were determined by Folin-Ciocalteau, oxygen radical absorbing capacity (ORAC), and 2’.7’-dichlorofluorescin-diacetate (DCFH-DA) cell-based assay while their anti-inflammatory activity was determined by nitric oxide (NO) assay.Results: DCM extract showed strong cytotoxic activity against lung adenocarcinoma and brain glioblastoma cell lines, with IC50 (concentration inhibiting 50 % of cell growth) values of 11 ± 0.4 and 16 ± 3 μg/mL, respectively. The hexane extract showed moderate anticancer activity against the same cell lines (59 ± 13 and 63 ± 16 μg/mL, respectively). DCM extract also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity, inhibiting NO release by 86.7 % at 40 μg/mL in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - stimulated murine RAW 264.7 macrophages. Of all test extracts, the methanol extract of G. officinalis showed the highest antioxidant activity with 2.33 ± 0.09 μmol Trolox/mg , 7.10 ± 0.9 g tannic acid equivalent (TAE), and IC50 of 44 ± 4 μg/mL.Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that DCM extract may possess anticancer effect against lung adenocarcinoma and brain glioblastoma, as well as serve as an anti-inflammatory agent.Keywords: Galega officinalis L, Biological activity, Bioassay, Anticancer, Lung adenocarcinoma, Brain glioblastoma, Goat’s ru

Investigation of sociodemographic and health characteristics of mothers in low birth weight newborns in Malatya city center

The prerequisite for a healthy life is to be born healty. Low birth weight (LBW) is an important risk factor for morbidity and mortality in early or late period of life. So reducing the incidence of low birth weight not only lowers infant mortality rates but also has multiple benefits over the life cycle.The purpose of this study is to find out whether the differences in terms of socio-demographic and health characteristics of newborns mothers with LBW than normal weight ones. This study covers to the mothers who gave birth in obstetrics and gynecology clinics of two hospitals during March and June 2010 in Malatya city center. It is a case-control study according to the time scheduled beeing a cross-sectional. The 45-item questionnaire surveyed to 350 mothers of newbors selected by random procedure was performed by the method of face-to-face interview. 123 newborns under 2500 grams as case group, 227 infants 2500 grams and over were taken as control. For evaluation of the data used by SPSS program, chi-square test for independent samples was performed in analysis. 95% confidence interval, and error level of p = 0.05 was chosen. 58.3% of the mothers\' ages ranged from 20 to 30 in the study included. 28.0% of the mothers\' education level was primary school or less, 28.9% had seen in the higher-level education. 57,4% of mothers were housewives and 26.9% of those had a monthly income 550 $ below. 85.1% of mothers have lived in urban area and 14.9% in the villages. At the end of this study; 5.4 times (95% CI = 2.2 [Med-Science 2013; 2(3.000): 665-78

Abstract Number ‐ 48: Cerebral Sinus Venous Thrombosis Secondary to Chronic Inflammatory Disorders in Children

Introduction Cerebral Sinus Venous Thrombosis (CSVT) is a rare form of venous thromboembolism that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality predominantly in young people. While previous literature has identified prothrombotic and infectious pathologies as significant risk factors for CSVT, chronic systemic conditions such as connective tissue diseases (CTD) are less studied. The purpose of the current study is to describe the clinical features, neuroimaging characteristics, treatment, and long‐term neurological outcomes in children with CSVT secondary to CTD. Methods We reviewed electronic medical records of patients under 18 years of age diagnosed with CSVT secondary to CTD between 2002–2018 in a single center. We analyzed data regarding demographics, comorbidities, neuroimaging and neurological examination findings during the initial encounter. Subsequent long‐term follow‐up neurological examinations, lab and imaging workup, and medical management was also analyzed. Results Eight patients (Male:Female: 6:2) met the criteria and were included in the analysis. The patient’s age ranged from 6 weeks to 17 years. CTDs include Behcet’s (n = 2), Kawasaki (n = 1), systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 1), Wegener granulomatosis (n = 1), sarcoidosis (n = 1), and inflammatory bowel disease (n = 1). Five patients had a normal neurological examination on initial presentation, two had papilledema, and one had hypotonia and poor suck reflex. On initial neuroimaging, the most common thrombosis locations were transverse sinuses (n = 7). All patients received anti‐thrombolytic therapy (heparin, warfarin, or Lovenox) between 2.5 to 6 months. Three patients had complete resolution and one had partial resolution of thrombosis on follow‐up neuroimaging (average = 4.3 months, range 3–8 months). On long‐term clinical follow‐up (average: 41.3 months, SD: 62.1), all patients had normal neurological examinations. Conclusions Our case series demonstrated that 50% of patients with CSVT secondary to CTD showed full/partial resolution of thrombosis on follow‐up neuroimaging. In addition, they also had good clinical outcomes on long‐term clinical follow‐up with anticoagulation or antithrombotic treatment. This study uncovers the favorable outcomes of CSVT associated with CTD in children, but more cohort studies are required in order to make accurate conclusions

<em>In vitro</em> antibacterial and antitumor efficiency of some traditional plants from Turkey

50-58Traditional usages of medicinal plants can be justified scientifically with bioassays. Three different extracts (aqueous, methanol and ethanol) of 11 Turkish traditional plants [Mentha longifolia (L.) L., Lamium album subsp. crinitum (Montbret & Aucher ex Benth.) Mennema, Sideritis taurica Steph. ex Willd., Hypericum perforatum L., Hypericum linarioides Bosse, Cyanus triumfettii (All.) Dostál ex Á. Löve & D. Löve, Daphne oleoides Schreb., Anemone nemorosa L., Polygonatum orientale Desf., Cynoglossum montanum L. and Hyoscyamus niger L.] were evaluated for their antibacterial and antitumor potentials. Antibacterial activity was evaluated with 3 Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pyogenes) and 7 Gram-negative (Serratia marcescens, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterobacter cloacae and Escheria coli) bacteria by using disc diffusion method. Ethanol and methanol extracts of S. taurica, and all extracts of H. perforatum and H. linarioides showed the best antibacterial activities against tested Gram-positive bacteria. Aqueous extract of L. album displayed the best inhibition against Streptococcus pyogenes. Antitumour potential was revealed with Agrobacterium tumefaciens-induced potato disc tumor assay. Strong antitumor activity was observed with ethanol and methanol extracts of L. album (90 % and 80 %, respectively). This study ascertained the scientific rationale behind the traditional knowledge of S. taurica, H. perforatum, H. linarioides, L. album and D. oleoides. Identification of active components should be investigated for plant extracts having strong antibacterial and antitumor activities in further studies.</em