Rincón pedagógico, una estrategia didáctica de espacio recreativo etnocultural para los estudiantes del grado de la institución educativa las marías en el municipio de Olaya Herrera Nariño.

Esta estrategia pedagógica se realizó con los estudiantes del grado cuarto de la Institución Educativa las Marías del municipio de Olaya Herrera Nariño. Su objeto radico en la utilización del rincón pedagógico como estrategia de enseñanza aprendizaje. Por otra parte la estrategia parte de acciones analizadas desde lo cualitativo, teniendo en cuenta los diferentes espacios de aprendizaje como el mentidero, el rio y la azotea, para el desarrollo de competencias argumentativas, propositivas e interpretativas en los estudiantes durante la aplicación de la estrategia con los estudiantes de la Institución Educativa Las Marías. Con el fin de fortalecer el aprendizaje de los estudiantes, articulado a los espacios pedagógicos, con los saberes previos de los estudiantes , sabedores y su guía, además de las explicaciones delos docentes, para definir el rincón pedagógico como na estrategia pedagógica para fortalecer los saberes de los estudiantes de la Institución Educativa las Marías.This pedagogical strategy was carried out with the fourth grade students of the Las Marías Educational Institution in the municipality of Olaya Herrera Nariño. Its purpose was to use the pedagogical corner as a teaching and learning strategy. On the other hand, the strategy starts from actions analyzed from the qualitative point of view, taking into account the different learning spaces such as the lying, the river and the roof, for the development of argumentative, propositive and interpretative competences in the students during the application of the strategy with the students of the Las Marías Educational Institution. With the purpose of strengthening the learning of the students, articulated to the pedagogical spaces, with the previous knowledge of the students, knowers and their guide, in addition to the explanations of the teachers, to define the pedagogical corner as a pedagogical strategy to strengthen the knowledge of the students of the Las Marías Educational Institution

Effect of confinement by SARS-CoV-2 on the degree of steatohepatitis in university students from Reynosa, Tamaulipas

Introduction: Healthy lifestyles are relevant for several diseases, steatohepatitis, although little known, is common in young people. There are reasons to be concerned about homebound college youth who are at risk for steatohepatitis. By restricting the mobility of the population, the risk factors for weight gain and the intake of calorie-dense foods increase, which are elements associated with steatohepatitis. Objective: To determine the effect of confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic on the degree of steatohepatitis by comparing transient elastography results taken before and after confinement. Method: Longitudinal study. A sample of 114 young university students of random sex was included. The transient elastography technique (FibroScan) was implemented, determining the degrees of steatosis and hepatic fibrosis by performing the test before and after the confinement of the participants. Student´s t-test was used to analyse the differences in the degrees of steatohepatitis before and after confinement. Results: the degrees of steatosis during the first sampling were S0 (52.6%), S1 (14.9%), S2 (5.3%) and S3 (27.2%) (m = 250.89, DE= ± 56.91), in the second sampling were presented S0 (56.1%), S1 (13.2%), S2 (5.3%) and S3 (5.4%) (m = 243.81, DE = ± 52.330), the relation of both samples was (p = 0.131). The results in the degrees of fibrosis in the first sampling were F0 (91.4%), F1 (6.1%). F2 (2.6%) (m= 4.80, DE = ±1.11), in the second F1 (95.6%), F2 (3.5) and F2 (0.9%) (m = 4.33, DE = ±1.16) and the relation of the two sampling was (p= 0.000). Conclusions: The degrees of hepatic fibrosis presented significant changes, on the other hand, steatosis tends to decrease, but the change is not significant, however, it is necessary to investigate with third variables to detect other factors involved in the changes

Technological applications in motion analysis: Diagnosis and monitoring for physiotherapeutic processes

El presente trabajo muestra las perspectivas de aplicación y uso de la tecnología de análisis de movimiento para el diagnóstico y seguimiento en procesos terapéuticos, mediante el análisis de parámetros de movimiento, apoyado en la tecnología de BTS SMART-E. Esta tecnología permite el análisis de la cinemática de los movimientos corporales y registra datos e imágenes en tres dimensiones (3D), para permitir en análisis y la valoración del movimiento en los planos frontal, sagital y trasversal. El objetivo de este estudio es mostrar las posibles aplicaciones y el uso de esta tecnología. Se presentan los modelos para tres estudios de aplicación realizados: balance corporal, comportamiento de mano luego de una enfermedad cerebro vascular (ECV) y análisis de inestabilidad en columna lumbar. Estos modelos muestran la posibilidad de medir el com-portamiento de uno o varios ángulos, en cuanto al desplazamiento, la velocidad y la aceleración. Este tipo de tecnología permite objetivar la evaluación y garantiza la reproducción de las pruebas en diferentes escenarios.This work shows the perspectives for application and use of motion analysis technology in diag-nosis and monitoring therapeutic process, through the analysis of motion parameters, supported by technology BTS SMART-E. This technology allows the analysis of the kinematics of body movement and capture data and images in three dimensions (3D). The aim is to enable analysis and assessment of movement in the frontal, sagittal and transversal plane. The interest of this study is to show the possible applications and the use of this technology. For three studies, the models are presented: body balance, hand behavior after stroke and analysis of lumbar spine instability. These models show the possibility of measuring the behavior of one or more angles, in terms of displacement, velocity and acceleration. This technology allows objectifying the eva-luation and ensuring the reproduction of the tests in different scenarios

Prácticas de evaluación en el componente disciplinar del programa de licenciatura en educación básica con énfasis en educación artística de Uniminuto: artes plásticas

Tesis de la Sede Principal Uniminuto - BogotáInvestigación de corte cualitativo, en la que específicamente se elige el enfoque etnográfico, por cuanto busca, mediante la observación, comprender cómo los docentes responsables de los talleres de expresión artística del componente disciplinar, evalúan el aprendizaje artístico de sus estudiantes. El documento se ha estructurado en capítulos que corresponden al diseño general de la investigación etnográfic

Prácticas de evaluación en el componente disciplinar del programa de licenciatura en educación básica con énfasis en educación artística de Uniminuto: artes plásticas

Tesis de la Sede Principal Uniminuto - BogotáInvestigación de corte cualitativo, en la que específicamente se elige el enfoque etnográfico, por cuanto busca, mediante la observación, comprender cómo los docentes responsables de los talleres de expresión artística del componente disciplinar, evalúan el aprendizaje artístico de sus estudiantes. El documento se ha estructurado en capítulos que corresponden al diseño general de la investigación etnográfic

The health and economic burden of smoking in 12 Latin American countries and the potential effect of increasing tobacco taxes: an economic modelling study

Background: Worldwide, smoking tobacco causes 7 million deaths annually, and this toll is expected to increase, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. In Latin America, smoking is a leading risk factor for death and disability, contributes to poverty, and imposes an economic burden on health systems. Despite being one of the most effective measures to reduce smoking, tobacco taxation is underused and cigarettes are more affordable in Latin America than in other regions. Our aim was to estimate the tobacco-attributable burden on mortality, disease incidence, quality of life lost, and medical costs in 12 Latin American countries, and the expected health and economic effects of increasing tobacco taxes. Methods: In this modelling study, we developed a Markov probabilistic microsimulation economic model of the natural history, medical costs, and quality-of-life losses associated with the most common tobacco-related diseases in 12 countries in Latin America. Data inputs were obtained through a literature review, vital statistics, and hospital databases from each country: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay. The main outcomes of the model are life-years, quality-adjusted life-years, disease events, hospitalisations, disease incidence, disease cost, and healthy years of life lost. We estimated direct medical costs for each tobacco-related disease included in the model using a common costing methodology for each country. The disease burden was estimated as the difference in disease events, deaths, and associated costs between the results predicted by the model for current smoking prevalence and a hypothetical cohort of people in each country who had never smoked. The model estimates the health and financial effects of a price increase of cigarettes through taxes, in terms of disease and health-care costs averted, and increased tax revenues. Findings: In the 12 Latin American countries analysed, we estimated that smoking is responsible for approximately 345 000 (12%) of the total 2 860 921 adult deaths, 2·21 million disease events, 8·77 million healthy years of life lost, and $26·9 billion in direct medical costs annually. Health-care costs attributable to smoking were estimated to represent 6·9$26·7 billion in health-care costs in the next 10 years, with a total economic benefit of $43·7 billion. Interpretation: Smoking represents a substantial health and economic burden in these 12 countries of Latin America. Tobacco tax increases could successfully avert deaths and disability, reduce health-care spending, and increase tax revenues, resulting in large net economic benefits.Fil: Pichón-riviere, Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Alcaraz, Andrea. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Palacios, Alfredo. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez, Belén. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Reynales Shigematsu, Luz Myriam. Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública; MéxicoFil: Pinto, Márcia. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Castillo Riquelme, Marianela. Ministerio de Salud; ChileFil: Peña Torres, Esperanza. Instituto de Evaluación Tecnológica En Salud; ColombiaFil: Osorio, Diana Isabel. Instituto de Evaluación Tecnológica en Salud; ColombiaFil: Huayanay, Leandro. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; PerúFil: Loza Munarriz, Cesar. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; PerúFil: Sáenz de Miera-Juárez, Belén. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur; MéxicoFil: Gallegos Rivero, Verónica. Centro Nacional de Excelencia Tecnológica en Salud; MéxicoFil: De La Puente, Catherine. Universidad de La Frontera; ChileFil: Navia Bueno, María del Pilar. Universidad Mayor de San Andrés; BoliviaFil: Caporale, Joaquín. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Roberti, Javier Eugenio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Virgilio, Sacha Alexis. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Augustovski, Federico Ariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Bardach, Ariel Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; Argentin

Effect of intravenous pulses of methylprednisolone 250 mg versus dexamethasone 6 mg in hospitalised adults with severe COVID ‐19 pneumonia: An open‐label randomised trial

Producción CientíficaBackground: The efficacy and safety of high versus medium doses of glucocorticoids for the treatment of patients with COVID-19 has shown mixed outcomes in controlled trials and observational studies. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of methylprednisolone 250 mg bolus versus dexamethasone 6 mg in patients with severe COVID-19. Methods: A randomised, open-label, controlled trial was conducted between February and August 2021 at four hospitals in Spain. The trial was suspended after the first interim analysis since the investigators considered that continuing the trial would be futile. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive dexamethasone 6 mg once daily for up to 10 days or methylprednisolone 250 mg once daily for 3 days. Results: Of the 128 randomised patients, 125 were analysed (mean age 60 ± 17 years; 82 males [66%]). Mortality at 28 days was 4.8% in the 250 mg methylprednisolone group versus 4.8% in the 6 mg dexamethasone group (absolute risk difference, 0.1% [95% CI, −8.8 to 9.1%]; p = 0.98). None of the secondary outcomes (admission to the intensive care unit, non-invasive respiratory or high-flow oxygen support, additional immunosuppressive drugs, or length of stay), or prespecified sensitivity analyses were statistically significant. Hyperglycaemia was more frequent in the methylprednisolone group at 27.0 versus 8.1% (absolute risk difference, −18.9% [95% CI, −31.8 to - 5.6%]; p = 0.007). Conclusions: Among severe but not critical patients with COVID-19, 250 mg/d for 3 days of methylprednisolone compared with 6 mg/d for 10 days of dexamethasone did not result in a decrease in mortality or intubation

Health, economic and social burden of tobacco in Latin America and the expected gains of fully implementing taxes, plain packaging, advertising bans and smoke-free environments control measures : a modelling study

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the tobacco-attributable burden on disease, medical costs, productivity losses and informal caregiving; and to estimate the health and economic gains that can be achieved if the main tobacco control measures (raising taxes on tobacco, plain packaging, advertising bans and smoke-free environments) are fully implemented in eight countries that encompass 80% of the Latin American population. DESIGN: Markov probabilistic microsimulation economic model of the natural history, costs and quality of life associated with the main tobacco-related diseases. Model inputs and data on labour productivity, informal caregivers' burden and interventions' effectiveness were obtained through literature review, surveys, civil registrations, vital statistics and hospital databases. Epidemiological and economic data from January to October 2020 were used to populate the model. FINDINGS: In these eight countries, smoking is responsible each year for 351 000 deaths, 2.25 million disease events, 12.2 million healthy years of life lost, US$22.8 billion in direct medical costs, US$16.2 billion in lost productivity and US$10.8 billion in caregiver costs. These economic losses represent 1.4$63.8, US$12.3, US$11.4 and US$5.7 billions in economic gains, respectively, on top of the benefits being achieved today by the current level of implementation of these measures. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking represents a substantial burden in Latin America. The full implementation of tobacco control measures could successfully avert deaths and disability, reduce healthcare spending and caregiver and productivity losses, likely resulting in large net economic benefits

Innovación empresarial : nueva era de las agroempresas con gestión tecnológica

Este libro aborda la contextualización de las empresas del sector agrícola del occidente del Huila, desde un diagnóstico empresarial, el diseño de estrategias administrativas, contables y de mercadeo, hasta la innovación con desarrollo tecnológico aplicado a este sector.This book addresses the contextualization of companies in the agricultural sector in western Huila, from a business diagnosis, the design of administrative, accounting and marketing strategies, to innovation with technological development applied to this sector.Estrategias empresariales para el sector cafetero -- Innovación empresarial y sistema contable aplicado en la producción agrícola y pecuaria de la granja Juan Bosco -- Revisión bibliográfica para el desarrollo de productos electrónicos cumpliendo con estándares internacionales -- Evaluación de la eficiencia de un biofiltro para el tratamiento de aguas residuales del Café -- Fortalecimiento empresarial cafetero: una mirada hacia el cambio generacional, nuevos desafíos de responsabilidad social y liderazgo organizacional en el occidente del Huila -- Hábitos de consumo, mercado e importancia del café en el municipio de La Plata, Huila.na146 página

Perspectivas de innovación en gestión, educación ambiental para la adaptación y la mitigación

Esta publicación del libro-foro sobre ciudad y cambio climático responde al aporte de los diferentes profesionales de las entidades públicas y privadas que participaron en calidad de conferencistas, ponentes, panelistas y expositores y compartieron sus experiencias en la ciudad como una contribución al conocimiento de las comunidades acerca de la creciente importancia y consideración de la adaptación y mitigación. Se consideraron acciones de políticas públicas por parte de las administraciones públicas, los sectores económicos y la sociedad, grupos ecológicos y fundaciones ecológicas y de igual forma las acciones y grandes esfuerzos realizados por el Ministerio del Ambiente, el IDEAM, la CAR, la Secretaría de Ambiente, el Jardín Botánico, la Red RAUS y de los grupos de investigación de las universidades