Evaluación de los conocimientos y de la aplicación de la tetanalgesia en una unidad de neonatología

Introduction: During the hospitalization, newborn children are subjected to constant painful and stressful procedures. There is evidence that breastfeeding makes an analgesic effect. This is known as Tetanalgesia.Enfermería Global Nº 38 Abril 2015 Página 34Objective: To value the knowledge of health professionals on tetanalgesia and analyze the causes of their lack of implantation during painful procedures realized to hospitalize newborn children.Material and Methods: Was realized an observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study, using a validated questionnaire auto completed by health professionals in the Unit of Neonatology of the Hospital University Virgen del Rocío (Seville).Results and Conclusions: Of the total study population (51 health professionals), only 45% knew the concept of tetanalgesia what it denotes the deficit of formation in the matter. Of these, only 22% apply it. The main causes of non-applicability were lack of consensus among the professionals (55,56%) and lack of time (38,89%),factors related to teamwork and working conditions.Introducción: Durante la hospitalización, los neonatos están sometidos a constantes procedimientos dolorosos y estresantes. Está demostrado que la lactancia materna realiza un efecto analgésico. Este beneficio analgésico se conoce como tetanalgesia.Objetivo: Valorar el conocimiento de los profesionales sanitarios sobre la tetanalgesia y analizar las causas de su falta de implantación durante los procedimientos dolorosos realizados en el neonato hospitalizado.Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal y descriptivo, mediante un cuestionario validado autocumplimentado por los profesionales sanitarios en la Unidad de Neonatología del Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (Sevilla).Resultados y Conclusiones: Del total de la población estudiada, 51 profesionales sanitarios, sólo el 45% conoce el concepto de tetanalgesia lo que denota el déficit de formación al respecto. De estos, sólo el 22% lo aplica. Las causas principales de la no aplicabilidad fueron la falta de consenso de los profesionales (55,56%) y la falta de tiempo (38,89%), factores relacionados con el trabajo de equipo y con las condiciones de trabaj

Ibogaine Administration Modifies GDNF and BDNF Expression in Brain Regions Involved in Mesocorticolimbic and Nigral Dopaminergic Circuits

Ibogaine is an atypical psychedelic alkaloid, which has been subject of research due to its reported ability to attenuate drug-seeking behavior. Recent work has suggested that ibogaine effects on alcohol self-administration in rats are related to the release of Glial cell Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) in the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA), a mesencephalic region which hosts the soma of dopaminergic neurons. Although previous reports have shown ibogaine’s ability to induce GDNF expression in rat midbrain, there are no studies addressing its effect on the expression of GDNF and other neurotrophic factors (NFs) such as Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) or Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) in distinct brain regions containing dopaminergic neurons. In this work, we examined the effect of ibogaine acute administration on the expression of these NFs in the VTA, Prefrontal Cortex (PFC), Nucleus Accumbens (NAcc) and the Substantia Nigra (SN). Rats were i.p. treated with ibogaine 20 mg/kg (I20), 40 mg/kg (I40) or vehicle, and NFs expression was analyzed after 3 and 24 h. At 24 h an increase of the expression of the NFs transcripts was observed in a site and dose dependent manner. Only for I40, GDNF was selectively upregulated in the VTA and SN. Both doses elicited a large increase in the expression of BDNF transcripts in the NAcc, SN and PFC, while in the VTA a significant effect was found only for I40. Finally, NGF mRNA was upregulated in all regions after I40, while I20 showed a selective upregulation in PFC and VTA. Regarding protein levels, an increase of GDNF was observed in the VTA only for I40 but no significant increase for BDNF was found in all the studied areas. Interestingly, an increase of proBDNF was detected in the NAcc for both doses. These results show for the first time a selective increase of GDNF specifically in the VTA for I40 but not for I20 after 24 h of administration, which agrees with the effective dose found in previous self-administration studies in rodents. Further research is needed to understand the contribution of these changes to ibogaine’s ability to attenuate drug-seeking behavior

Assessment of knowledge and application of tetanalgesia in a unit of neonatology

Introducción: Durante la hospitalización, los neonatos están sometidos a constantes procedimientos dolorosos y estresantes. Está demostrado que la lactancia materna realiza un efecto analgésico. Este beneficio analgésico se conoce como tetanalgesia. Objetivo: Valorar el conocimiento de los profesionales sanitarios sobre la tetanalgesia y analizar las causas de su falta de implantación durante los procedimientos dolorosos realizados en el neonato hospitalizado. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal y descriptivo, mediante un cuestionario validado autocumplimentado por los profesionales sanitarios en la Unidad de Neonatología del Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (Sevilla). Resultados y Conclusiones: Del total de la población estudiada, 51 profesionales sanitarios, sólo el 45% conoce el concepto de tetanalgesia lo que denota el déficit de formación al respecto. De estos, sólo el 22% lo aplica. Las causas principales de la no aplicabilidad fueron la falta de consenso de los profesionales (55,56%) y la falta de tiempo (38,89%), factores relacionados con el trabajo de equipo y con las condiciones de trabajo.ABSTRACT: Introduction: During the hospitalization, newborn children are subjected to constant painful and stressful procedures. There is evidence that breastfeeding makes an analgesic effect. This is known as Tetanalgesia. Enfermería Global Nº 38 Abril 2015 Página 34 Objective: To value the knowledge of health professionals on tetanalgesia and analyze the causes of their lack of implantation during painful procedures realized to hospitalize newborn children. Material and Methods: Was realized an observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study, using a validated questionnaire auto completed by health professionals in the Unit of Neonatology of the Hospital University Virgen del Rocío (Seville). Results and Conclusions: Of the total study population (51 health professionals), only 45% knew the concept of tetanalgesia what it denotes the deficit of formation in the matter. Of these, only 22% apply it. The main causes of non-applicability were lack of consensus among the professionals (55,56%) and lack of time (38,89%),factors related to teamwork and working conditions

Ibogaine Modifies GDNF, BDNF and NGF Expression in Brain Regions Involved in Mesocorticolimbic and Nigral Dopaminergic Circuits

Ibogaine is a psychedelic alkaloid which has been subject of intense scientific research due to its reported ability to attenuate drug-seeking behavior. Recent work suggested that ibogaine effects on alcohol self-administration in rats was related to the release of Glial Cell Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) in the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA), a mesencephalic region which hosts soma of dopamine neurons. It is well known that neurotrophic factors (NFs) mediate the neuroadaptations induced in the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic system by repeated exposure to drugs. Although previous reports have shown ibogaine´s ability to induce GDNF expression in rat midbrain, there are no studies addressing its effect on the expression of GDNF, Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) or Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) in distinct regions containing dopaminergic neurons. In this work, we examined the effect of ibogaine acute administration on the expression of these NFs in the VTA, Prefrontal Cortex (PFC), Nucleus Accumbens (NAcc) and the Substantia Nigra (SN). Thus, rats were i.p. treated with ibogaine 20 mg/kg (I20), 40 mg/kg (I40) or vehicle, and NFs expression was analyzed after 3 and 24 hours. Only at 24 h an increase of the expression for the three NFs were observed in a site and dose dependent manner. Results for GDNF showed that only I40 selectively upregulated its expression in the VTA and SN. Both doses of ibogaine elicited a large increase in the expression of BDNF in the NAcc, SN and PFC, while a significant effect was found in the VTA only for I40. Finally, NGF was found to be upregulated in all regions after I40, while a selective upregulation was found in PFC and VTA for the I20 treatment. An increase in the content of mature GDNF was observed in the VTA but no significant increase in the mature BDNF protein content was found in all the studied areas. Interestingly, an increase in the content of proBDNF was detected in the NAcc for both treatments. Further research is needed to understand the neurochemical bases of these changes, and to confirm their contribution to the anti-addictive properties of ibogaine. </p

Healthy and Osteoarthritic Synovial Fibroblasts Produce a Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs 4, 5, 7, and 12: Induction by IL-1β and Fibronectin and Contribution to Cartilage Damage.

Current description of osteoarthritis includes the involvement of synovial inflammation. Studies contributing to understanding the mechanisms of cross-talk and feedback among the joint tissues could be relevant to the development of therapies that block disease progression. During osteoarthritis, synovial fibroblasts exposed to anomalous mechanical forces and an inflammatory microenvironment release factors such as a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) metalloproteinases that mediate tissue damage and perpetuate inflammation. We therefore studied the production of ADAMTS by synovial fibroblasts and their contribution to cartilage degradation. Moreover, we analyzed the implication of two mediators present in the osteoarthritis joint, IL-1β as proinflammatory cytokine, and 45-kDa fibronectin fragments as products of matrix degradation. We reported that synovial fibroblasts constitutively express and release ADAMTS 4, 5, 7, and 12. Despite the contribution of both mediators to the stimulation of Runx2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways, as well as to ADAMTS expression, promoting the degradation of aggrecan and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein from cartilage, fibronectin fragments rather than IL-1β played the major pathological role in osteoarthritis, contributing to the maintenance of the disease. Moreover, higher levels of ADAMTS 4 and 7 and a specific regulation of ADAMTS-12 were observed in osteoarthritis, suggesting them as new potential therapeutic targets. Therefore, synovial fibroblasts provide the biochemical tools to the chronicity and destruction of the osteoarthritic joints.This work was supported by funding of Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain, co-financed by FEDER, European Union: RETICS program, Red de Investigación en Inflamación y Enfermedades Reumáticas (RIER) (RD12/0009/0002), the project (PI12/00758), and grant from Comunidad de Madrid/FEDER (RAPHYME program, S2010/BMD2350)