Geometric phases under the presence of a composite environment

We compute the geometric phase for a spin-1/2 particle under the presence of a composite environment, composed of an external bath (modeled by an infinite set of harmonic oscillators) and another spin-1/2 particle. We consider both cases: an initial entanglement between the spin-1/2 particles and an initial product state in order to see if the initial entanglement has an enhancement effect on the geometric phase of one of the spins. We follow the nonunitary evolution of the reduced density matrix and evaluate the geometric phase for a single two-level system. We also show that the initial entanglement enhances the sturdiness of the geometric phase under the presence of an external composite environment.Comment: 10 pages, 12 figures. Version to appear in Phys. Rev.

Responsabilidade civil dos administradores e gestores perante a sociedade

A dissociação entre o capital e a administração das empresas, a profissionalização dosadministradores e a crescente complexidade da actividade empresarial e das transacçõescomerciais exigiu uma clarificação da responsabilidade e das garantias dos administradores.As decisões empresariais são peculiares na medida em que são, na maioria dos casos,tomadas em situação de risco e sob grande pressão temporal, estando a assunção de riscosintrinsecamente ligada à inovação e criatividade que caracterizam o empreendedorismoempresarial, onde é particularmente evidente que o bom é inimigo do óptimo.A especificidade desta actividade é reconhecida no nosso ordenamento jurídico que,sem perder de vista os princípios basilares do instituto da responsabilidade no nosso sistemajurídico consagrou-lhe um conjunto de regras próprias, em especial no confronto perante asociedade.Com vista à avaliação do nosso sistema legislativo e à compreensão dos pressupostosda responsabilidade dos administradores perante a sociedade, dos deveres que se lhes impõeme dos termos em que vêm excluída a sua responsabilidade, optaremos pela sistematização dospilares em que assenta, tendo presente uma abordagem histórica e comparada do regime legale das suas fontes de inspiração, bem como a jurisprudência dos tribunais portugueses.Especial atenção será dada aos aspectos inovadores do DL nº 76-A/2006, de 29 de Março, decorrentes da concretização dos deveres fundamentais dos administradores e daadopção de uma causa de exclusão da responsabilidade claramente inspirada na chamadabusiness judgment rule de origem anglo-saxónica., o que nos leva a uma breve incursão najurisprudência dos tribunais norte-americanos atinente a esta regra pela consabida importânciaque reveste.Por fim, para alem dos aspectos substantivos do tema, daremos nota de algunsaspectos processuais mais relevantes.Estas, pois, as directrizes da nossa análise

Noise-induced energy excitation by a general environment

We analyze the effects that general environments, namely ohmic and non-ohmic, at zero and high temperature induce over a quantum Brownian particle. We state that the evolution of the system can be summarized in terms of two main environmental induced physical phenomena: decoherence and energy activation. In this article we show that the latter is a post-decoherence phenomenon. As the energy is an observable, the excitation process is a direct indication of the system-environment entanglement particularly useful at zero temperature.Comment: 14 pages; 7 figures. Version to appear in Phys Lett.

la perspectiva de los/as delegados/as

Tesis (Magíster en Intervención Socio-jurídica en Familia)Esta tesis indaga en las percepciones de los/as delegados/as de la Región Metropolitana respecto de sus intervenciones profesionales en la ejecución de la sanción de Libertad Asistida Especial. Se utiliza una metodología cualitativa de carácter exploratorio-descriptivo y basándose en la teoría fundamentada. La muestra de la investigación, fue intencionada y corresponde a un grupo de delegados/as que ejecuta la sanción de Libertad Asistida Especial, de las cuatro instituciones colaboradoras del SENAME. Se reflexionó sobre el ejercicio profesional de los/as delegados/as, considerando que debe prevalecer el contexto frente al estricto cumplimiento de la sanción LAE con jóvenes infractores/as de ley, con el fin de levantar información de factores que influyen en la intervención social y, por ende, en el proceso de reinserción. A partir de las áreas que constituyen la red local y los programas y estrategias de reinserción social se reflexiona también en torno a los significados que otorgan los/as delegados/as a las orientaciones técnicas definidas por el SENAME y concretadas por las propias instituciones colaboradoras. Se identifican las fortalezas y debilidades del ejercicio profesional, en torno al trabajo que se desarrolla con el/la joven, la familia y la red local y, finalmente, se singularizan algunas experiencias de intervención, considerándolas buenas prácticas. Todo ello con el objetivo final de poder generar nuevos insumos que informen la mejora de las políticas de sanción a jóvenes infractores/as en el medio libre. Finalmente, cabe mencionar que dentro de los principales hallazgos se encuentra la falta de recursos y coordinación con la red, la ausencia de capacitación permanente hacia los/as profesionales por parte de las instituciones colaboradoras y del propio Servicio, deficiencias técnicas en los/as delegados/as respecto a las metodologías de intervención y escasa claridad del Servicio respecto del enfoque y/o paradigma que quiere instalar en los programas, además del desgaste profesional ante la ausencia de instancias de autocuidado.This thesis investigates in the perceptions of the delegates of the Metropolitan Region regarding their professional interventions in the execution of the sanction of Special Assisted Freedom. A qualitative exploratory-descriptive methodology is used and based on grounded theory. The sample of the investigation was intentional and corresponds to a group of delegates of the sanction of Special Assisted Freedom, of the four collaborating institutions of the SENAME. Reflecting on the professional practice of the delegates, considering that the context must prevail against the strict compliance with the LAE sanction with young offenders, in order to raise information on factors that influence social intervention And, therefore, in the process of reintegration. From the areas that make up the local network and the programs and strategies for social reintegration, we also reflect on the meanings given by the delegates to the technical orientations defined by SENAME and defined by the collaborating institutions themselves. The strengths and weaknesses of the professional practice are identified, based on the work developed with the young person, the family and the local network, and finally, some intervention experiences are singled out as good practices. All this with the final objective of being able to generate new inputs that inform the improvement of the policies of sanction to young offenders in the free environment. Finally, it should be mentioned that the main findings are the lack of resources and coordination with the network, the lack of permanent training for the professionals by the collaborating institutions and the Service itself, technical deficiencies in the delegates With respect to the intervention methodologies and poor clarity of the Service regarding the approach and / or paradigm that it wants to install in the programs, besides the professional wear and tear in the absence of instances of self-care

Ecology of the non-native snail Sinotaia cf quadrata (Caenogastropoda: Viviparidae). A study in a lowland stream of South America with different water qualities

Sinotaia quadrata is a snail native from Asia recorded for the first time in South America in 2009 in central Argentina. In 2015, this species was also found in a lowland stream with different water qualities. Our aims were to contribute to the knowledge of its population ecology and to compare the individuals from the two locations anatomically. Snails were searched at 6 sites, where physicochemical and hydraulic parameters were measured. Biological samples were also taken at two sites (S3 and S4) to study the population traits of S. cf quadrata (density, size structure, fecundity and sex ratio) and to assess the water quality through macroinvertebrates' biological indices (richness, diversity and IBPamp). Physicochemical and biological parameters allowed us classifying sites as "moderately polluted" (S3) and "heavily polluted" (S4). At S4, the population showed a lower density, larger individuals, higher fecundity and a scarce representation of young snails. The differences observed in the radula and mantle border of snails from the two geographical regions might be attributed to environmental differences. We conclude that this species is tolerant to a wide range of environmental variables which, along with its high fecundity and morphological plasticity, could allow this species to colonize neighbor streams.Fil: Ferreira, Ana Clara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Limnología; ArgentinaFil: Paz, Laura Estefania. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Limnología; ArgentinaFil: Rumi Macchi Z., Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Limnología; ArgentinaFil: Ocon, Carolina Silvia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Limnología; ArgentinaFil: Altieri, Paula Daniela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Limnología; ArgentinaFil: Rodrigues Capitulo, Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Limnología; Argentin

Full-length LTR retroelements in Capsicum annuum revealed a few species-specific family bursts with insertional preferences

Capsicum annuum is a species that has undergone an expansion of the size of its genome caused mainly by the amplification of repetitive DNA sequences, including mobile genetic elements. Based on information obtained from sequencing the genome of pepper, the estimated fraction of retroelements is approximately 81%, and previous results revealed an important contribution of lineages derived from Gypsy superfamily. However, the dynamics of the retroelements in the C. annuum genome is poorly understood. In this way, the present work seeks to investigate the phylogenetic diversity and genomic abundance of the families of autonomous (complete and intact) LTR retroelements from C. annuum and inspect their distribution along its chromosomes. In total, we identified 1151 structurally full-length retroelements (340 Copia; 811 Gypsy) grouped in 124 phylogenetic families in the base of their retrotranscriptase. All the evolutive lineages of LTR retroelements identified in plants were present in pepper; however, three of them comprise 83% of the entire LTR retroelements population, the lineages Athila, Del/Tekay, and Ale/Retrofit. From them, only three families represent 70.8% of the total number of the identified retroelements. A massive family-specific wave of amplification of two of them occurred in the last 0.5 Mya (GypsyCa_16; CopiaCa_01), whereas the third is more ancient and occurred 3.0 Mya (GypsyCa_13). Fluorescent in situ hybridization performed with family and lineage-specific probes revealed contrasting patterns of chromosomal affinity. Our results provide a database of the populations LTR retroelements specific to C. annuum genome. The most abundant families were analyzed according to chromosome insertional preferences, suppling useful tools to the design of retroelement-based markers specific to the species.Fil: Yañez Santos, Anahi Mara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan. Centro de Investigaciones de la Geosfera y Biosfera. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones de la Geosfera y Biosfera; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Paz, Rosalia Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan. Centro de Investigaciones de la Geosfera y Biosfera. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones de la Geosfera y Biosfera; ArgentinaFil: Paz Sepúlveda, Paula Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular; ArgentinaFil: Urdampilleta, Juan Domingo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentin

Exploitation of Marine Molecules to Manage Alzheimer’s Disease

Neurodegenerative diseases are sociosanitary challenges of today, as a result of increased average life expectancy, with Alzheimer’s disease being one of the most prevalent. This pathology is characterized by brain impairment linked to a neurodegenerative process culminating in cognitive decline and behavioral disorders. Though the etiology of this pathology is still unknown, it is usually associated with the appearance of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The most used prophylaxis relies on anticholinesterase drugs and NMDA receptor antagonists, whose main action is to relieve symptoms and not to treat or prevent the disease. Currently, the scientific community is gathering efforts to disclose new natural compounds effective against Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative pathologies. Marine natural products have been shown to be promising candidates, and some have been proven to exert a high neuroprotection effect, constituting a large reservoir of potential drugs and nutraceutical agents. The present article attempts to describe the processes of extraction and isolation of bioactive compounds derived from sponges, algae, marine bacteria, invertebrates, crustaceans, and tunicates as drug candidates against AD, with a focus on the success of pharmacological activity in the process of finding new and effective drug compoundsP.O. would like to thank the Juan de la Cierva program of the Spanish Government (Ref. IJCI-2016-27774). M.S. would like to thank Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) for research funding via the VALTOX project under UIDB/04292/2020 and UID/MULTI/04046/2019 and was also supported by investigation contract under AQUA-PROSPECT project (MAR-02.02.01-FEAMP-0005)S

Experiencias de los profesionales de Enfermería relativas a la atención de mujeres sometidas a mutilación genital femenina: un proyecto de Investigación Cualitativa.

[Resumen] La mutilación genital femenina es una forma de violencia que supone una violación de los derechos humanos de las mujeres y de la infancia, reconocida internacionalmente. Se practica en 30 países de África, Asia y Oriente Medio, considerándose un asunto global debido a los flujos migratorios, incluyendo España. Actualmente afecta a 200 millones de niñas y se estima que otros 3 millones están en riesgo de sufrirla cada año. Constituye una práctica nociva con consecuencias negativas para la salud física, mental, sexual y reproductiva. Los/as profesionales de Enfermería debe ser conocedores/as de las características de esta práctica, así como estar formados/as en su adecuada atención. Objetivo general: Conocer las experiencias de los/as profesionales de Enfermería relativas a la atención de mujeres sometidas a mutilación genital femenina. Metodología: Se realizará un estudio fenomenológico en profesionales de Enfermería en relación a la atención de mujeres con mutilación genital femenina. Los/as participantes se seleccionarán mediante muestreo intencionado. Se llevarán a cabo entrevistas semiestructuradas que serán grabadas y transcritas. El análisis de datos se realizará mediante el método Colazzi.[Resumo] A mutilación xenital femenina é unha forma de violencia que supón unha violación dos dereitos humanos das mulleres e da infancia, recoñecida internacionalmente. Practícase en 30 países de África, Asia e Oriente Medio, considerándose un asunto global debido ós fluxos migratorios, incluíndo España. Na actualidade afecta a 200 millóns de nenas e estímase que outras 3 millóns están en risco de sufrila cada ano. Constitúe unha práctica con consecuencias negativas para a saúde física, mental, sexual e reproductiva. Os/as profesionais de Enfermaría deben ser coñecedores/as das características desta práctica así como estar formados/as na súa adecuada atención. Obxetivo xeral: Coñecer as experiencias dos/as profesionais de Enfermaría relativas á atención de mulleres sometidas a mutilación xenital femenina. Metodoloxía: Realizarase un estudo fenomenolóxico en profesionais de Enfermaría en relación á atención mulleres con mutilación xenital femenina. Os/as participantes seleccionaranse mediante mostreo intencionado. Levaranse a cabo entrevistas semiestructuradas que serán gravadas e transcritas. A análise de datos realizarase mediante o método Colaizzi.[Abstract] Female genital mutilation is a form of violence internationally recognized as a violation of the human rights of women and children. It is practiced in 30 countries in Africa, Asia and the Middle East and is considered a global issue due to migratory flows, including Spain. Currently affects 200 million of girls and it is estimated that another 3 million are in risk of suffering it every year. It is a harmful practice with negative consequences on the physical, mental, sexual and reproductive health. Nursing professionals should be aware of the characteristics of this practice, as well as being trained in its adequate care. Overall objective: To know the experiences of Nursing professionals regarding the attention provided to women subjected to Female Genital Mutilation. Methodology: A phenomenological study will be carried out on Nursing professionals in relation to attention of women with female genital mutilation. Participants will be selected by purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews will be conducted, recorded and transcribed. Data analysis will be performed using the Colaizzi’s method.Traballo fin de grao (UDC.FEP). Enfermaría. Curso 2021/202