Contralateral Total Hip Arthroplasty After Hindquarter Amputation

We describe the management and outcome of a 62-year old lady who developed severe osteoarthritis of the hip, nine years after a hindquarter amputation for radiation-induced sarcoma of the contralateral pelvis. The difficulties of stabilising the pelvis intraoperatively and the problems of postoperative rehabilitation are outlined. The operation successfully relieved her pain and restored limited mobility

Herbicide-Resistance in Turf Systems: Insights and Options for Managing Complexity

Due to complex interactions between social and ecological systems, herbicide resistance has classic features of a “wicked problem.” Herbicide-resistant (HR) Poa annua poses a risk to sustainably managing U.S. turfgrass systems, but there is scant knowledge to guide its management. Six focus groups were conducted throughout the United States to gain understanding of socio-economic barriers to adopting herbicide-resistance management practices. Professionals from major turfgrass sectors (golf courses, sports fields, lawn care, and seed/sod production) were recruited as focus-group participants. Discussions emphasized challenges of the weed management of turfgrass systems as compared to agronomic crops. This included greater time constraints for managing weeds and more limited chemical control options. Lack of understanding about the proper use of compounds with different modes of action was identified as a threat to sustainable weed management. There were significant regional differences in perceptions of the existence, geographic scope, and social and ecological causes of HR in managing Poa annua. Effective resistance management will require tailoring chemical and non-chemical practices to the specific conditions of different turfgrass sectors and regions. Some participants thought it would be helpful to have multi-year resistance management programs that are both sector- and species-specific

Ethofumesate-resistant annual bluegrass (Poa annua) in grass seed production systems

The prolific seed production and polyploidy of annual bluegrass allow for the rapid development of herbicide resistance. Ethofumesate-resistant annual bluegrass plants were identified in the 1990s in grass seed production in Oregon, but their prevalence and distribution are not well documented. Therefore a dose–response experiment was initiated to determine the potential level of ethofumesate resistance in seed production systems. Seeds from 55 annual bluegrass populations were obtained from three sources: seed production fields (31 populations), the seed cleaning process (6 populations), and seed testing lots prior to retail distribution (18 populations). Additionally, two populations, one with known ethofumesate resistance and one with known susceptibility, were identified in preliminary testing and used as controls in this experiment. Seed from each collected population was increased. Individual seedlings were then transplanted into separate cone-tainers, grown to a size of 2 to 3 tillers in the greenhouse, and then sprayed using a compressed air track spray chamber with 10 doses of ethofumesate at 0, 0.56, 1.1, 2.8, 5.6, 8.4, 11.2, 16.8, 22.4, and 44.8 kg ai ha−1, with 0.84 to 2.2 kg ha−1 as the label application rate for perennial ryegrass. The resistant to susceptible ratio of populations across all sources ranged from 0.5 to 5.5. The most resistant populations found in production fields, seed cleaning, and seed testing lots had the effective dose necessary to kill 50% of the population (ED50) of 12.1, 9.4, and 13.1 kg ha−1, respectively. Furthermore, 68% of the populations found in production fields had ED50 higher than 6 kg ha−1, indicating common annual bluegrass resistance in grass seed production. As such, growers should implement integrated weed management strategies, as herbicides alone will likely be ineffective at controlling annual bluegrass

Aseptic Revision Knee Arthroplasty With Total Stabilizer Prostheses Achieves Similar Functional Outcomes to Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty at 2 Years: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

BackgroundPatient function is poorly characterized following revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA), although is generally accepted to be inferior to that following primary procedures.MethodsFifty-three consecutive aseptic revisions to total stabilizer devices were prospectively evaluated, preoperatively and at 6, 26, 52, and 104 weeks postoperatively, using the Oxford Knee Score (OKS), range of motion, pain rating scale, and timed functional performance battery. Data were assessed longitudinally and in comparison to primary TKA data with identical outcome assessments at equivalent time points.ResultsMean outcome changes were: 13 point increase in the OKS (from 17.5 [standard deviation—SD 7.4]-32.4 [SD 7.9] points); 21 degree improvement in the knee flexion (80.6 [SD 20.5]-101.5 [SD 13.2] degrees); 60% reduction in the pain report (7.7 [SD 2.3]-1.3 [SD 0.4] points); and 15 second improvement in the timed performance assessment (47.2 [SD 19.1]-32.0 [SD 7.0] seconds; P < .001). No difference was seen between primary and revision cohorts in OKS or pain scores (analysis of variance, P = .2 and .19). Knee flexion and timed performance assessment were different between primary and revision groups (analysis of variance, P = .03 and P = .02); however, this was due to differing preoperative values. The revision cohort achieved the same postoperative scores as the primary cohort at all postoperative time points.ConclusionPatients undergoing revision TKA for aseptic failure with total stabilizer implants made substantial improvements in the initial 2 years following surgery in both patient-reported and directly assessed function, comparable with that achieved following primary knee arthroplasty

Binge flying: Behavioural addiction and climate change

Recent popular press suggests that ‘binge flying’ constitutes a new site of behavioural addiction. We theoretically appraise and empirically support this proposition through interviews with consumers in Norway and the United Kingdom conducted in 2009. Consistent findings from across two national contexts evidence a growing negative discourse towards frequent short-haul tourist air travel and illustrate strategies of guilt suppression and denial used to span a cognitive dissonance between the short-term personal benefits of tourism and the air travel’s associated long-term consequences for climate change. Tensions between tourism consumption and changing social norms towards acceptable flying practice exemplify how this social group is beginning to (re)frame what constitutes ‘excessive’ holiday flying, despite concomitantly continuing their own frequent air travels

A micro-architectural evaluation of osteoporotic human femoral heads to guide implant placement in proximal femoral fractures

Peer reviewedPublisher PD