Advances in flow cytometry in basic and applied equine andrology

El objetivo de esta revisión es presentar las sondas actuales disponibles que evalúan diferentes compartimentos y funciones de los espermatozoides de los sementales, incluidos ensayos para investigar la funcionalidad de las membranas, el núcleo y las mitocondrias, y estudiar la señalización celular en esta célula en particular. También se presentarán los nuevos protocolos multiparamétricos para la evaluación de espermatozoides de sementales, recientemente desarrollados en el laboratorio de los autores. También se discutirá la aplicabilidad clínica potencial de las pruebas de diagnóstico basadas en citometría de flujo.The aim of this review is to present the current probes available that assess different compartments and functions of stallion spermatozoa, including assays to investigate the functionality of the membranes, nucleus and mitochondria, and to study cell signaling in this particular cell. New multi-parametric protocols for the assessment of stallion sperm, recently developed in the laboratory of the authors, will also be presented. The potential clinical applicability of diagnostic tests based on flow cytometry will also be discussed.Trabajo financiado por: Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad y Fondos FEDER. Ayuda AGL2013-43211-R Junta de Extremadura y Fondos FEDER. Ayuda GR 15029 Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. Beca FPU13/03991, para Patricia Martín Muñoz Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad. Beca Juan de la Cierva” IJCI-2014-21671, Cristina Ortega FerrusolapeerReviewe

Perception of risk in the use of technologies and social media. Implications for identity building during adolescence

[EN] Life for today’s adolescents generally involves spending a large part of their time in front of a screen, permanently connected to the internet. It is no surprise to learn that recent years have witnessed an increase in the number of studies on how adolescent identities are being affected by the phenomenon of hyperconnectivity. This article addresses the perception adolescents have of the uses and functions they encounter during the time they are online and their self-perceived risks, as well as the tools or strategies they use to tackle the threats of a hyperconnected society. This involved designing a qualitative study in which 130 adolescents took part in different focus groups. The results revealed that adolescents use technologies mainly as a means of communication and entertainment, and as they mature, they perceive greater risks associated with this use. The study also found that they deploy few tools and strategies to deal with the self-perceived risks

Repercusión de la evaluación mediante la realización de cuestionarios frecuentes en el aprendizaje de la asignatura Biología del grado de Óptica y Optometría: análisis comparativo de métodos y resultados

Innovación EducativaEl objetivo principal de este proyecto fue analizar si la implantación de la evaluación continua mediante la resolución de cuestionarios frecuentes facilita y ayuda a la comprensión de la materia por los alumnos a lo largo del curso. En este proyecto se ha analizado la repercusión de los resultados obtenidos por los alumnos de la asignatura Biología del grado de Óptica y Optometría evaluados mediante la resolución de cuestionarios frecuentes y se han comparado con los obtenidos por alumnos evaluados mediante el método clásico de un único examen final. La calificación fue significativamente mayor en los cursos en los que los alumnos fueron evaluados mediante cuestionarios frecuentes, sin existir diferencias entre los cursos evaluados mediante esta nueva metodología. El efecto del curso sólo fue significativo en la convocatoria de junio, en las calificaciones de julio no hubo diferencias entre cursos. También se ha podido concluir que el patrón entre hombres y mujeres fue similar, con mejores calificaciones en junio de los cursos evaluados mediante la realización de cuestionarios frecuentes, y sin diferencias en segunda convocatoria. Del análisis realizado se concluye por tanto que el nuevo método ha tenido efecto positivo mejorando las calificaciones, pero sólo en primera convocatoria (junio).Departamento de Biología Celular, Histología y Farmacologíaproyecto, innovación, docente, evaluación continua, cuestionarios frecuentes, aprendizaj

Repercusión de la evaluación mediante la realización de cuestionarios frecuentes en el aprendizaje de la asignatura Biología del grado de Óptica y Optometría: análisis comparativo de métodos y resultados

Innovación EducativaEl objetivo principal de este proyecto fue analizar si la implantación de la evaluación continua mediante la resolución de cuestionarios frecuentes facilita y ayuda a la comprensión de la materia por los alumnos a lo largo del curso. En este proyecto se ha analizado la repercusión de los resultados obtenidos por los alumnos de la asignatura Biología del grado de Óptica y Optometría evaluados mediante la resolución de cuestionarios frecuentes y se han comparado con los obtenidos por alumnos evaluados mediante el método clásico de un único examen final. La calificación fue significativamente mayor en los cursos en los que los alumnos fueron evaluados mediante cuestionarios frecuentes, sin existir diferencias entre los cursos evaluados mediante esta nueva metodología. El efecto del curso sólo fue significativo en la convocatoria de junio, en las calificaciones de julio no hubo diferencias entre cursos. También se ha podido concluir que el patrón entre hombres y mujeres fue similar, con mejores calificaciones en junio de los cursos evaluados mediante la realización de cuestionarios frecuentes, y sin diferencias en segunda convocatoria. Del análisis realizado se concluye por tanto que el nuevo método ha tenido efecto positivo mejorando las calificaciones, pero sólo en primera convocatoria (junio).Departamento de Biología Celular, Histología y Farmacologíaproyecto, innovación, docente, evaluación continua, cuestionarios frecuentes, aprendizaj

A metabolite profile reveals the presence of neurodegenerative conditions according to severity of hydrocephalus

Introduction: In obstructive congenital hydrocephalus, cerebrospinal fluid accumulation is associated with high intracranial pressure (ICP), ischemia/hypoxia, metabolic impairment, neuronal damage and astrocytic reaction. The hyh mutant mice exhibit two different forms of hydrocephalus evolution: severe and moderate. A study was carried out in hyh mice to detect a metabolite profile that define the tissue response in each hydrocephalus form. Methods: Metabolites levels in brain cortex were analyzed with 1H High Resolution Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H HR-MAS) spectroscopy. The study was complemented with ICP recording and histopathological analysis. Results: Mice with severe hydrocephalus were found to have higher ICP and stronger astrocytic reaction. Several metabolites including glutamate and glutamine were found to correlate with the severity of hydrocephalus. The whole metabolite profile may be explained based in differential astrocyte reactions, neurodegenerative and ischemic conditions. The glutamate transporter EAAT2 and the metabolite taurine were found as key histopathological markers for the damaged parenchyma. Conclusions: Spectroscopy allowed the detection of a metabolite profile related to intracranial pressure and hydrocephalus severity, and therefore can be useful to monitor the efficacy of experimental therapies. Supported by Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech, and PI15/0619 (ISCIII/FEDER).Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Supported by Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech, and PI15/0619 (ISCIII/FEDER)

Neocortical tissue recovery in severe congenital obstructive hydrocephalus after intraventricular administration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

BACKGROUND: In obstructive congenital hydrocephalus, cerebrospinal fluid accumulation is associated with high intracranial pressure and the presence of periventricular edema, ischemia/hypoxia, damage of the white matter, and glial reactions in the neocortex. The viability and short time effects of a therapy based on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) have been evaluated in such pathological conditions in the hyh mouse model. METHODS: BM-MSC obtained from mice expressing fluorescent mRFP1 protein were injected into the lateral ventricle of hydrocephalic hyh mice at the moment they present a very severe form of the disease. The effect of transplantation in the neocortex was compared with hydrocephalic hyh mice injected with the vehicle and non-hydrocephalic littermates. Neural cell populations and the possibility of transdifferentiation were analyzed. The possibility of a tissue recovering was investigated using 1H High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H HR-MAS NMR) spectroscopy, thus allowing the detection of metabolites/osmolytes related with hydrocephalus severity and outcome in the neocortex. An in vitro assay to simulate the periventricular astrocyte reaction conditions was performed using BM-MSC under high TNFα level condition. The secretome in the culture medium was analyzed in this assay. RESULTS: Four days after transplantation, BM-MSC were found undifferentiated and scattered into the astrocyte reaction present in the damaged neocortex white matter. Tissue rejection to the integrated BM-MSC was not detected 4 days after transplantation. Hyh mice transplanted with BM-MSC showed a reduction in the apoptosis in the periventricular neocortex walls, suggesting a neuroprotector effect of the BM-MSC in these conditions. A decrease in the levels of metabolites/osmolytes in the neocortex, such as taurine and neuroexcytotoxic glutamate, also indicated a tissue recovering. Under high TNFα level condition in vitro, BM-MSC showed an upregulation of cytokine and protein secretion that may explain homing, immunomodulation, and vascular permeability, and therefore the tissue recovering. CONCLUSIONS: BM-MSC treatment in severe congenital hydrocephalus is viable and leads to the recovery of the severe neurodegenerative conditions in the neocortex. NMR spectroscopy allows to follow-up the effects of stem cell therapy in hydrocephalus.España Instituto Carlos III , PI15/00619 (to AJJ), PI19/00778 (to AJJ and PPG), PI15/00796, and PI18/01557España Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte FPU13/02906España, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad RYC-2014-16980España, FEDER Andalucía y Universidad de Málaga UMA18-FEDERJA-27

Prevalence of sleep complaints in Colombia at different altitudes

AbstractStudy objectivesTo determine the prevalence of sleep complaints in adults in Colombia at different altitudes.DesignCross-sectional, population-based and observational study.SettingUrban areas in three cities (Bogotá, Bucaramanga, Santa Marta) located between 15 and 2640 masl. Subjects Over 18 years old.InterventionsEpworth sleepiness scale (ESS), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Berlin questionnaire, STOP-Bang questionnaire and diagnostic criteria for restless leg syndrome (IRLSSG).Measurements and resultsThe overall prevalence of sleep complaints was 59.6% (CI 95%: 57.3; 61.8%). According to the Pittsburgh scale, 45.3% (CI 95%: 43.0; 47.5) required medical assistance. The Berlin questionnaire indicated that 19.0% (CI 95%: 17.3; 20.8%) had a high risk of sleep apnea (OSA) compared to 26.9% (CI 95%: 24.9; 29.0%) according to STOP-Bang. Among the subjects, 13.7% (CI 95%: 12.3; 15.3%) had excessive daytime sleepiness and 37.7% (CI 95%: 35.5; 39.8%) had a restless leg syndrome. When comparing cities, significant differences in the overall frequency of subjects requiring care were found between Santa Marta (higher frequency) and the other two cities. Differences in sleep problem frequency (Pittsburgh) were observed between Bogota (higher frequency) and Bucaramanga and also between Santa Marta (higher frequency) and the other two cities. The high risk of OSA (STOP-Bang) was different between Bogota (higher frequency) and Bucaramanga and also between Santa Marta (high frequency) and Bucaramanga.ConclusionsWe observed a high prevalence of sleep complaints with significant differences among the cities, indicating a need to pay a greater attention to these problems

Recursos para la Enseñanza de la Alimentación en la Formación Inicial de Maestros (PIMCD, nº 103, convocatoria 2015)

Actualización y mejora de recursos sobre la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Alimentación para la Formación Inicial de Maestros puestos en practica en el desarrollo docente

Sexual differences in hippocampal microglia of adult mice subjected to maternal separation stress.

Introduction: It is well known that early life adversities could a"ect brain development and increase the vulnerability to stress-related disorders later in adulthood. Nevertheless, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this susceptibility have been poorly characterized and sex could be an important variable. Recently, microglia, which is involved in many neurodevelopmental processes such as neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity, has been proposed as a mediator of this stress response and early life stress could “prime” microglia to be over- responsive in future challenges. Objective: The analysis of hippocampal microglia morphology and distribution in the dentate gyrus (DG) of mice subjected to early stress. Methods: Female and male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to 3h daily maternal separation (MS) for 21 days. In postnatal day 60, adult mice undertook a single 2h restriction stress (RS). Accordingly, the experimental groups were as follows: CTRL, RS, MS, MS+RS. The DG was analyzed using immunohistochemistry techniques against Iba1 (microglia) following image analysis (ImageJ) to obtain morphological and distribution data of microglial somas and DG surface area. Results: Smaller DG surface area was observed in MS male mice compared with the CTRL group, but not in female. Furthermore, microglial soma area changed in a sex-dependent manner, having female mice from MS group an increased soma area than those of MS male mice. This was also observed to be region-specific, with a larger microglia soma in DG subgranular zone (SGZ) of MS female compared to MS male. Since microglia in this DG zone is involved in neurogenesis, this might suggest a possible change in the formation of new born neurons. Conclusion: These results revealed a di"erent microglial response to stress depending on the animal sex and open the door to a better understanding of neurobiological basis in pathologies like depression. .University of Málaga, the project PID2020-117464RB-I00 from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN/AEI) Spain, awarded to Pedraza, C. and Pérez-Martín, M. ; the project P20_00460 from Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades, Junta de Andalucía awarded to Pedraza, C. and predoctoral fellowship FPU21/01318 awarded to Munoz- Martin, J. funded by MCIN/AEI, Spain. Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech