Jóvenes y consumo de información en redes sociales

El auge de las redes sociales ha dado lugar a una nueva generación de personas influyentes así como de ciudadanos/as que se han encontrado en la intersección del periodismo. El crecimiento en su actuación como periodistas plantea preocupaciones sobre la erosión de la profesión y los estándares noticiosos. Frente a esto, el presente estudio analiza la relevancia que para jóvenes de la generación Z tienen las figuras del influencer y el/la ciudadano/a que informa. La investigación se soporta en una encuesta cuantitativa aplicada sobre una muestra 913 estudiantes de preparatoria de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (Uaemex)

Press-State relations in Mexico, considerations towards the regulation of official advertising: Regional study

The decision of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation to obligate the Mexican Congress to create a law that regulates the official publicity in the country before April 30, 2018 represents the opportunity to end the historical discretionary allocation of public resources to media Communication. However, the new legislation must cover, from the range of proposals; the particularities of the Press-State relationship through which the finest networks of clientelism and corruption have been woven.This study presents the case of the State of Mexico, the stronghold of the Mexican hegemonic party, where clientelism as a political strategy has infiltrated the press with tactics and other hidden, but both illegal, make it an instrument of control, conservation and expansion of power. Testimonies from leading journalists are presented together with content analysis and official expenditure reports, via Public Transparency, as evidence of the phenomenon of media clientelism in a non-electoral period, in contrast to most studies on clientelism.La decisión de la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación de obligar al Congreso mexicano a crear una ley que regule la publicidad oficial en el país antes del 30 de abril de 2018 representa la oportunidad de acabar con la asignación discrecional histórica de recursos públicos a medios de comunicación. Sin embargo, la nueva legislación debe abarcar, de la gama de propuestas, las particularidades de la relación prensa-Estado mediante la cual se han tejido las más finas redes de clientelismo y corrupción. En este estudio se presenta el caso del Estado de México, reducto del partido hegemónico mexicano, donde el clientelismo como estrategia política ha infiltrado a la prensa con tácticas patentes y otras ocultas, pero ambas ilegales, hacerla un instrumento de control, conservación y expansión de poder. Se presentan testimonios de periodistas de referencia conjuntamente con análisis de contenido y reportes de gastos oficiales, vía Transparencia Pública, como evidencia al fenómeno del clientelismo mediático en un periodo no electoral, en contraste con la mayoría de estudios sobre clientelismo

Requerimientos de la didáctica para una estrategia de aplicación de mundos virtuales para educación

Se presentan los avances en la detección de los principales requerimientos didácticos a cumplir por una estrategia basada en el desarrollo de software de mundos virtuales para ser aplicada para favorecer el aprendizaje en los estudios medios y universitarios y en capacitación laboral en la empresa.Eje: Tecnología informática aplicada en educaciónRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Resultados del estudio de requerimientos de la didáctica para una aplicación de mundos virtuales en educación

Se presentan los resultados del proyecto sobre Mundos Virtuales desarrollado por dos años en la UES21 enumerando los requerimientos didácticos detectados y que deben ser atendidos por el software a desarrollar de mundos virtuales para favorecer el aprendizaje en los estudios medios y universitarios.Eje: Tecnología Informática Aplicada en EducaciónRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Overexpression of Cannabinoid CB2 Receptor in the Brain Induces Hyperglycaemia and a Lean Phenotype in Adult Mice

t is well known that the endocannabinoid system, through cannabinoid CB1 receptor activation,has an important role in the main aspects of energy balance (i.e. food intake, energy expenditureand glucose and fat metabolism), orchestrating all the machinery involved in body weight con-trol and energy homeostasis. A number of studies have revealed a crucial role of brain CB1receptors in these processes. However, functional cannabinoid CB2 receptors have also beendescribed in the brain, with no studies addressing their putative role in body weight control andglucose homeostasis. We have tested this hypothesis by analysing fasting-induced feeding, bodyweight, some hypothalamic neuropeptides, glucose tolerance and plasma hormones in an animalmodel specifically overexpressing CB2 receptors in the central nervous system. We found thatspecific overexpression of CB2 receptors in the brain promoted higher basal glucose levels,decreased fasting-induced feeding and, eventually, led to a lean phenotype and glucose intoler-ance. These findings could not be attributed to decreased locomotor activity, increased anxietyor depressive-like behaviours. The expression of relevant neuropeptides such as pro-opiomelano-cortin and galanin in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus was altered but not those of theCB1 receptor. Indeed, no changes in CB1 expression were found in the liver, skeletal muscle andadipose tissue. However, cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptor expression in the endocrine pan-creas and glucagon plasma levels were decreased. No changes in plasma adiponectin, leptin,insulin and somatostatin were found. Taken together, these results suggest a role for centralcannabinoid CB2 receptors in body weight control and glucose homeostasis

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Municipios de Gran Sabana, Tibú, Cúcuta, Chitaga, y Piedecuesta

La narrativa en la psicología es un enfoque importante en la intervención psicosocial, permitiendo relatos individuales o colectivos en la construcción y recuperación mental de las víctimas de violencia, los autores presentamos a través de este informe un análisis psicosocial de historias que retornan, desde la experiencia vivida por una víctima llamada Amparo, la cual debió abandonar el país con sus hijas para poder proteger sus vidas, después de la desaparición de su esposo. La narrativa nos permite comprender el afrontamiento personal y colectivo ante la violencia e identificar emergentes psicosociales, ser víctima y sobrevivir, el significado de la violencia, el afrontamiento encontrado y la resiliencia. A su vez los autores desde la reflexión del caso participan como entrevistadores de la protagonista del relato por medio de preguntas reflexivas, estrategias y circulares. Posteriormente el lector se encontrará con un análisis y estrategias de abordajes psicosociales sobre el caso de masacre en el Salado, donde se identifica relatos de resiliencia después de 20 años, emergentes psicosociales, procesos socio históricos, los impactos bio-psicosocial-cultural, las experiencias de trasformación; los autores desde el análisis del caso proponen tres estrategias psicosociales para potencializar recursos de afrontamiento a los pobladores del corregimiento de El Salado, también resaltan la importante de la herramienta de foto voz desde un informe analítico y reflexivo de experiencia obtenidas en diferentes lugares, donde el lector podrá comprender lo útil de esta herramienta en los procesos psicosociales.Narrative in psychology is an important approach in psychosocial intervention, allowing individual or collective stories in the construction and mental recovery of victims of violence. Through this report, the authors present a psychosocial analysis of stories that return, from experience. experienced by a victim named Amparo, who had to leave the country with her daughters in order to protect their lives, after the disappearance of her husband. The narrative allows us to understand personal and collective coping with violence and identify psychosocial emergencies, being a victim and surviving, the meaning of violence, coping and resilience. In turn, the authors, from the reflection of the case, participate as interviewers of the protagonist of the story through reflective questions, strategies and circulars. Subsequently, the reader will find an analysis and strategies of psychosocial approaches on the case of the massacre in El Salado, where stories of resilience after 20 years, psychosocial emergencies, sociohistorical processes, bio-psychosocial-cultural impacts, the experiences of transformation; From the analysis of the case, the authors propose three psychosocial strategies to enhance coping resources for the residents of the town of El Salado. They also highlight the importance of the photo voice tool from an analytical and reflective report of experience obtained in different places, where the The reader will be able to understand how useful this tool is in psychosocial processes

Alpha-1 antitrypsin Pi*SZ genotype: Estimated prevalence and number of SZ subjects worldwide

The alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) haplotype Pi*S, when inherited along with the Pi*Z haplotype to form a Pi*SZ genotype, can be associated with pulmonary emphysema in regular smokers, and less frequently with liver disease, panniculitis, and systemic vasculitis in a small percentage of people, but this connection is less well established. Since the detection of cases can allow the application of preventive measures in patients and relatives with this congenital disorder, the objective of this study was to update the prevalence of the SZ genotype to achieve accurate estimates of the number of Pi*SZ subjects worldwide, based on studies performed according to the following criteria: 1) samples representative of the general population, 2) AAT phenotyping characterized by adequate methods, and 3) selection of studies with reliable results assessed with a coefficient of variation calculated from the sample size and 95% confidence intervals. Studies fulfilling these criteria were used to develop tables and maps with an inverse distance-weighted (IDW) interpolation method, to provide numerical and geographical information of the Pi*SZ distribution worldwide. A total of 262 cohorts from 71 countries were included in the analysis. With the data provided by these cohorts, a total of 1,490,816 Pi*SZ were estimated: 708,792 in Europe; 582,984 in America and Caribbean; 85,925 in Africa; 77,940 in Asia; and 35,176 in Australia and New Zealand. Remarkably, the IDW interpolation maps predicted the Pi*SZ prevalence throughout the entire world even in areas lacking real data. These results may be useful to plan strategies for future research, diagnosis, and management of affected individuals

Satisfacción de la atención de enfermería en los pacientes que asisten al servicio de urgencias en una institución de primer nivel en Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, con base a la escala NOC desde la perspectiva de Katharine Kolcaba

Introduction: there is a close relationship between the quality of care and the satisfaction of users to achieve the balance of the health system. The quality of health care is an issue that is becoming increasingly relevant due to the freedom with which users express opinions about the services received, those responsible for providing health services and the institutions that provide these services. Objective: to determine the satisfaction of patients with nursing care in the emergency department of a first level institution in Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, based on the NOC scale from the perspective of Katharine Kolcaba. Materials and methods: cross-sectional descriptive quantitative research. A Likert scale of NOC taxonomy criteria was used as an instrument. Results: when relating the nursing care provided in the emergency service of a first level institution with the satisfaction that users perceive when receiving such care, it is found that the variable that predominates or that most satisfies the patient's need is relevance. since the necessary materials and personnel are available to satisfy the patient's needs, which allows reaching an optimal state of health that is reflected in the questionnaire applied in the service under study, in which it was obtained that 83% of those interviewed are between completely satisfied and very satisfied. Conclusions: it is concluded that users who attend the emergency service of the first level institution in the city of Cúcuta are 78% very satisfied or completely satisfied with the care provided.Introducción: existe una estrecha relación entre la calidad de atención y la satisfacción de los usuarios para lograr el equilibrio del sistema de salud. La calidad de la atención en salud es un tema que adquiere cada vez más relevancia debido a la libertad con la que opinan los usuarios acerca de los servicios recibidos, de los encargados de prestar los servicios de salud y de las propias instituciones proveedoras de estos servicios. Objetivo: determinar la satisfacción de los pacientes con la atención de enfermería en el servicio de urgencias de una institución de primer nivel en Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, con base a la escala NOC desde la perspectiva de Katharine Kolcaba. Materiales y métodos: investigación de tipo cuantitativa descriptiva de corte transversal. Se utilizó como instrumento una escala de Likert de criterios de la taxonomía NOC. Resultados: al relacionar los cuidados de enfermería brindados en el servicio de urgencias de una institución de primer nivel con la satisfacción que perciben los usuarios al recibir dicha atención se encuentra que la variable que predomina o que más satisface la necesidad del paciente es la pertinencia, ya que se cuenta con los materiales y el personal necesario para satisfacer la necesidad del paciente, lo que permite alcanzar un estado de salud óptimo que se ve reflejado en el cuestionario aplicado en el servicio en estudio, en el cual se obtuvo que el 83 % de los entrevistados están entre completamente satisfechos y muy satisfechos. Conclusiones: se concluye que los usuarios que asisten al servicio de urgencias de la institución de primer nivel de la ciudad de Cúcuta se encuentran en un 78 % muy satisfechos o completamente satisfechos con la atención prestada

Low-dose statin treatment increases prostate cancer aggressiveness

Prostate cancer is diagnosed late in life, when co-morbidities are frequent. Among them, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes or metabolic syndrome exhibit an elevated incidence. In turn, prostate cancer patients frequently undergo chronic pharmacological treatments that could alter disease initiation, progression and therapy response. Here we show that treatment with anti-cholesterolemic drugs, statins, at doses achieved in patients, enhance the pro-tumorigenic activity of obesogenic diets. In addition, the use of a mouse model of prostate cancer and human prostate cancer xenografts revealed that in vivo simvastatin administration alone increases prostate cancer aggressiveness. In vitro cell line systems supported the notion that this phenomenon occurs, at least in part, through the direct action on cancer cells of low doses of statins, in range of what is observed in human plasma. In sum, our results reveal a prostate cancer experimental system where statins exhibit an undesirable effect, and warrant further research to address the relevance and implications of this observation in human prostate cancer

Transcriptomic profiling of urine extracellular vesicles reveals alterations of CDH3 in prostate cancer

Extracellular vesicles (EV) are emerging structures with promising properties for intercellular communication. In addition, the characterization of EV in biofluids is an attractive source of non-invasive diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers. Here we show that urinary EV (uEV) from prostate cancer (PCa) patients exhibit genuine and differential physical and biological properties compared to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Importantly, transcriptomics characterization of uEVs led us to define the decreased abundance of Cadherin 3, type 1 (CDH3) transcript in uEV from PCa patients. Tissue and cell line analysis strongly suggested that the status of CDH3 in uEVs is a distal reflection of changes in the expression of this cadherin in the prostate tumor. CDH3 was negatively regulated at the genomic, transcriptional, and epigenetic level in PCa. Our results reveal that uEVs could represent a non-invasive tool to inform about the molecular alterations in PCa