31 research outputs found

    El tratamiento informativo de las elecciones de 2009 a la Eurocámara: comicios de segundo orden y en clave nacional

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    El 7 de junio de 2009 se celebraron las elecciones al Parlamento Europeo en España. La campaña que los partidos desplegaron y la cobertura informativa que los medios hicieron de ésta, suscita la cuestión de si estos comicios despertaron interés por sí mismos. Esta investigación, mediante un análisis de contenido cuantitativo aplicado a los diarios El País, El Mundo, Heraldo de Aragón y El Periódico de Aragón, pretende delimitar la relevancia de dicha campaña en la agenda mediática e identificar a sus protagonistas, así como la tematización dominante para comprobar si fueron abordados en clave europea, nacional o autonómica.Last European Parliament Elections were held the 7th of June, 2009, in Spain. The campaign that political parties displayed, and its media coverage raise questions about if this electoral contend awoken interest by itself. This research, through a quantitative content analysis applied to the newspapers El País, El Mundo, Heraldo de Aragón y El Periódico de Aragón, aims to set the relevance of the European Parliament campaign in the media agenda, and to identify the predominant issues and political characters in order to determine if they were reported through a European, national or regional approach

    Europa a nuestra medida: la alfabetización electoral de los ciudadanos españoles a través de la televisión

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    La televisión sigue siendo el medio de comunicación por excelencia para la alfabetización política y electoral de los ciudadanos. En el caso de los comicios europeos, el medio audiovisual juega un papel pedagógico clave acercando a la sociedad una institución alejada y aun desconocida, a pesar de que muchas de las decisiones que se toman en el Parlamento Europeo condicionan la vida cotidiana de los Estados miembros. Conocer cómo las principales cadenas comerciales proyectan la imagen de Europa, a través de sus comicios, resulta fundamental para comprender el tipo de relación y de comportamiento que el ciudadano tiene hacia las instituciones europeas. Esta investigación caracteriza la cobertura informativa de las televisiones privadas españolas durante la campaña de las elecciones al Parlamento Europeo del 7 de junio de 2009. Mediante un análisis de contenido cuantitativo en Antena 3, Cuatro, Telecinco y La Sexta se pretende perfilar quiénes fueron los protagonistas y cuáles los temas más tratados con un doble fin. Por un lado, delimitar qué enfoque (estratégico, de conflicto o temático) primó en la cobertura televisiva de estas elecciones. Por otro, conocer si acercaron al ciudadano a Europa o moldearon una idea de ésta a medida de las necesidades nacionales

    Estereotipos de género y redes sociales: consumo de contenido generado por influencers entre los preadolescentes y adolescentes

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    La interiorización de los estereotipos de género comienza en una etapa tan temprana como la preadolescencia y la adolescencia. Las redes sociales y los influencers destacan entre todos los factores involucrados en su adopción y asimilación. Dado que los menores comienzan a consumir contenido en redes sociales muy pequeños, los influencers se han convertido en modelos de referencia para ellos. La presente investigación tiene por objetivo examinar las preferencias y comportamientos de los menores en redes sociales respecto a sus influencers favoritos y detectar hasta qué punto pueden reforzar los estereotipos de género preexistentes. Con este objetivo, se ha llevado a cabo un cuestionario (nivel de confianza <95% y error muestral +-3,5%) entre 800 menores españoles de 8 a 16 años, consumidores habituales de contenido creado por influencers. Los resultados de la encuesta muestran que los niños y adolescentes tienden a seguir influencers con diferentes perfiles, dedican una cantidad de tiempo desigual a esta actividad y muestran preferencias por diferentes redes sociales y tipos de contenidos. Estos resultaron conducen a la conclusión de que hay una tendencia generalizada a reproducir comportamientos y preferencias asociadas con los estereotipos tradicionales masculino y femenino

    Pharmacotherapeutic value of inflammatory and neurotrophic biomarkers in bipolar disorder: A systematic review

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    Background: The various pharmacological interventions, ranging from mood stabilizers and antipsychotics to antidepressants, reflect the diff/iculty of treating depressive/manic symptomatology of bipolar disorder (BD). Among a broad range of mechanisms implicated, immune dysregulation may contribute to the increased inflammation that influences the course of BD. Inflammatory, neurotrophic and oxidative stress factors may be identified as promising peripheral biomarkers in brain functioning, perhaps serving as predictors of an effective response to treatment for BD. The present systematic review aimed to examine the evidence supporting the pharmacotherapeutic value of inflammatory and neurotrophic biomarkers in BD. Methods: PubMed, PsychINFO, Scopus and Web of Science were searched from inception to May 2024 by two independent reviewers. A total of 40 studies with 3371 patients with diagnosis and intervention of BD were selected. Results: Inconsistencies in the effects of pharmacological treatments on the connection between the expected anti- inflammatory response and symptomatologic improvement were identified. Mood stabilizers (lithium), antipsychotics (quetiapine), antidepressants (ketamine) or their combination were described to increase both pro- inflammatory (TNFα, IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-8) factors. Other medications, such as memantine and dextromethorphan, autoimmune (infliximab) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (aspirin, celecoxib) drugs, antidiabetics (pioglitazone), and even dietary supplementation (omega-3), or their combination, clearly decrease inflammatory factors (TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, C-reactive protein) and/or increase the neurotrophic factor BDNF in BD patients. Conclusion: Inflammation in BD requires further investigation to understand the underlying immunologic mechanism, to identify predictors of treatment response, and to make informed decisions about the use and development of more effective pharmacological interventions for BD.RICORDS Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and European Regional Development Funds-European Union (ERDF-EU), grant number RD21/0009/0003; ISCIII, ERDF-EU, grant number PI22/00427; Ministerio de Sanidad, Delegación de Gobierno para el Plan Nacional sobre Drogas (PND), grant numbers 2019I040, 2020I048 and 2022I020; Proyectos de Excelencia I + D + i (PAIDI 2020), Consejería de Universidad, Investigación e Innovación, Junta de Andalucía, grant number PI21/00291. PR-S (CM21/00097), CG-S-L (CM19/00240) and JH-I (CM21/00255) hold “Rio Hortega” research contracts from the National System of Health, ISCIII, ERDF-EU. Patricia Rivera is supported by the research contract “Miguel Servet” (CP19/00068) of the National System of Health, ERDF-EU-ISCIII, cofunded by European Social Fund, “Investing in your future”, Government of Spain. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBUA. The funding sources had no further role in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication

    A personalized intervention to prevent depression in primary care: cost-effectiveness study nested into a clustered randomized trial

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    Abstract Background: Depression is viewed as a major and increasing public health issue, as it causes high distress in the people experiencing it and considerable financial costs to society. Efforts are being made to reduce this burden by preventing depression. A critical component of this strategy is the ability to assess the individual level and profile of risk for the development of major depression. This paper presents the cost-effectiveness of a personalized intervention based on the risk of developing depression carried out in primary care, compared with usual care. Methods: Cost-effectiveness analyses are nested within a multicentre, clustered, randomized controlled trial of a personalized intervention to prevent depression. The study was carried out in 70 primary care centres from seven cities in Spain. Two general practitioners (GPs) were randomly sampled from those prepared to participate in each centre (i.e. 140 GPs), and 3326 participants consented and were eligible to participate. The intervention included the GP communicating to the patient his/her individual risk for depression and personal risk factors and the construction by both GPs and patients of a psychosocial programme tailored to prevent depression. In addition, GPs carried out measures to activate and empower the patients, who also received a leaflet about preventing depression. GPs were trained in a 10- to 15-h workshop. Costs were measured from a societal and National Health care perspective. Qualityadjustedlife years were assessed using the EuroQOL five dimensions questionnaire. The time horizon was 18 months.This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Health, the Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) ’A way to build Europe’(grant references PS09/02272, PS09/02147, PS09/01095, PS09/00849 and PS09/00461); the Andalusian Council of Health (grant reference PI-0569-2010); the Spanish Network of Primary Care Research ’redIAPP’ (RD06/0018, RD12/0005/0001); the ’Aragón group’ (RD06/0018/0020, RD12/0005/0006); the ’Bizkaya group’ (RD06/0018/0018, RD12/0005/0010); the Castilla-León Group (RD06/0018/0027); the Mental Health (SJD) Barcelona Group (RD06/0018/0017, RD12/0005/0008); and the Mental-Health, Services and Primary Care (SAMSERAP) MálagaGroup (RD06/0018/0039, RD12/0005/0005)

    Multiancestry analysis of the HLA locus in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases uncovers a shared adaptive immune response mediated by HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes

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    Across multiancestry groups, we analyzed Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) associations in over 176,000 individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) versus controls. We demonstrate that the two diseases share the same protective association at the HLA locus. HLA-specific fine-mapping showed that hierarchical protective effects of HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes best accounted for the association, strongest with HLA-DRB1*04:04 and HLA-DRB1*04:07, and intermediary with HLA-DRB1*04:01 and HLA-DRB1*04:03. The same signal was associated with decreased neurofibrillary tangles in postmortem brains and was associated with reduced tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid and to a lower extent with increased Aβ42. Protective HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes strongly bound the aggregation-prone tau PHF6 sequence, however only when acetylated at a lysine (K311), a common posttranslational modification central to tau aggregation. An HLA-DRB1*04-mediated adaptive immune response decreases PD and AD risks, potentially by acting against tau, offering the possibility of therapeutic avenues

    Europa a nuestra medida: la alfabetización electoral de los ciudadanos españoles a través de la televisión

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    Television constitutes the most influent mass media for citizen-ship political and electoral literacy nowadays. Concerning European elections, TV channels play a clue role in bringing this institution closer to people, when it is a strange and unknown organization for most of them, despite the fact that European Parliament deci-sions directly determine daily life in every member state. Getting to know how the main national TV channels in Spain shape Europe�s image through its electoral processes seems to be a funda-mental landmark to understand the kind of relationship and the behavior European citizens have towards their EU institutions. This research features the news coverage of the Spanish private television channels during the European Parliament elections of June 7th, 2009. Applying a quantitative content analysis to Antena 3, Cuatro, Telecinco and La Sexta, it identifies the main political characters and the most reported issues with a double purpose. On one hand, outlining the presence of the strategic and conflict frames opposite to the thematic one ascertaining. On the other, knowing if this electoral process media coverage helped to bring Europe closer to citizens, or how the media framed and idea of the EU adapted to national needs.La televisión sigue siendo el medio de comunicación por excelencia para la alfabetización política y electoral de los ciudadanos. En el caso de los comicios europeos, el medio audiovisual juega un papel pedagógico clave acercando a la sociedad una institución alejada y aún desconocida, a pesar de que muchas de las decisiones que se toman en el Parlamento Europeo condicionan la vida cotidiana de los Estados miembros. Conocer cómo las principales cadenas comerciales proyectan la imagen de Europa, a través de sus comicios, resulta fundamental para comprender el tipo de relación y de comportamiento que el ciudadano tiene hacia las instituciones europeas. Esta investigación caracteriza la cobertura informativa de las televisiones privadas españolas durante la campaña de las elecciones al Parlamento Europeo del 7 de junio de 2009. Mediante un análisis de contenido cuantitativo en Antena3, Cuatro, Telecinco y La Sexta se pretende perfilar quiénes fueron los protagonistas y cuáles los temas más tratados con un doble fin. Por un lado, delimitar qué enfoque (estratégico, de conflicto o temático) primó en la cobertura televisiva de estas elecciones. Por otro, conocer si acercaron al ciudadano a Europa o moldearon una idea de ésta a medida de las necesidades nacionales
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