Perception Endogène et Evaluation Economique des Services Ecosystémiques Forestiers en Zones Soudanienne et SoudanoSahélienne au Burkina Faso

Dans les pays du Sahel, les écosystèmes forestiers sont menacés et la connaissance de l’état de leurs services demeure une question de recherche à explorer en fonction des zones climatiques. Cette étude vise à analyser les services écosystémiques forestiers dans les communes de Nobéré (zone soudanienne) et Lâ-Toden (zone soudano-sahélienne) au Burkina Faso. Spécifiquement, il s’agit d’appréhender les perceptions endogènes et de déterminer la valeur économique des services écosystémiques forestiers dans la zone de l’étude.  La démarche adoptée a consisté à conduire des enquêtes auprès de 298 exploitants et traiter les données en appliquant les principes de l’approche d’évaluation des écosystèmes pour le millénaire. Les exploitants perçoivent 29 services écosystémiques fournis par les forêts aménagées et 31 espèces ligneuses ont été citées comme étant fréquemment exploitées dans la zone de l’étude. Les services écosystémiques les plus cités à Nobéré sont le maintien de la fertilité du sol (91,9%), refuge d'espèces végétales (89,9%), produits forestiers non ligneux (89,2%). A Lâ-Toden, ce sont la protection des sols contre l'érosion (56%), beauté du paysage (56%), purification de l'air (56%). Les espèces préférées sont Vitellaria paradoxa à Nobéré puis Vitellaria paradoxa et  Lannea microcarpa à Lâ-Toden. La valeur économique des services d’approvisionnement à Nobéré et Lâ-Toden est estimée respectivement à 326 061 793,9 FCFA et 136 629 986,4 FCFA. Ainsi la gestion durable des écosystèmes et leurs services écosystémiques s’imposent comme une priorité de l’heure pour le bien-être des populations locales.   In Sahel’s countries, forest ecosystems are threatened and knowledge of the state of their services remains a research question to be explored according to climatic zones. This study aims to analyze forest ecosystem services in the communes of Nobéré (Sudanian zone) and Lâ-Toden (Sudano-Sahelian zone) in Burkina Faso. Specifically, it involves understanding endogenous perceptions and determining the economic value of forest ecosystem services in the study area. The approach adopted consisted of conducting surveys with 298 operators and processing the data by applying the principles of the approach to assessing ecosystems for the millennium. Operators perceive 29 ecosystem services provided by managed forests and 31 plant species were cited as being frequently exploited in the study area. The most cited ecosystem services in Nobéré are the maintenance of soil fertility (91.9%), refuge of plant species (89.9%), and non-timber forest products (89.2%). In Lâ-Toden, these are soil protection against erosion (56%), beauty of the landscape (56%), and air purification (56%). The preferred species are Vitellaria paradoxa at Nobéré then Vitellaria paradoxa and Lannea microcarpa at Lâ-Toden. The economic value of supply services in Nobéré and Lâ-Toden is estimated at 326,061,793.9 FCFA and 136,629,986.4 FCFA respectively. Thus, the sustainable management of ecosystems and their ecosystem services is a current priority for the well-being of local population

Perception Endogène et Evaluation Economique des Services Ecosystémiques Forestiers en Zones Soudanienne et SoudanoSahélienne au Burkina Faso

Dans les pays du Sahel, les écosystèmes forestiers sont menacés et la connaissance de l’état de leurs services demeure une question de recherche à explorer en fonction des zones climatiques. Cette étude vise à analyser les services écosystémiques forestiers dans les communes de Nobéré (zone soudanienne) et Lâ-Toden (zone soudano-sahélienne) au Burkina Faso. Spécifiquement, il s’agit d’appréhender les perceptions endogènes et de déterminer la valeur économique des services écosystémiques forestiers dans la zone de l’étude.  La démarche adoptée a consisté à conduire des enquêtes auprès de 298 exploitants et traiter les données en appliquant les principes de l’approche d’évaluation des écosystèmes pour le millénaire. Les exploitants perçoivent 29 services écosystémiques fournis par les forêts aménagées et 31 espèces ligneuses ont été citées comme étant fréquemment exploitées dans la zone de l’étude. Les services écosystémiques les plus cités à Nobéré sont le maintien de la fertilité du sol (91,9%), refuge d'espèces végétales (89,9%), produits forestiers non ligneux (89,2%). A Lâ-Toden, ce sont la protection des sols contre l'érosion (56%), beauté du paysage (56%), purification de l'air (56%). Les espèces préférées sont Vitellaria paradoxa à Nobéré puis Vitellaria paradoxa et  Lannea microcarpa à Lâ-Toden. La valeur économique des services d’approvisionnement à Nobéré et Lâ-Toden est estimée respectivement à 326 061 793,9 FCFA et 136 629 986,4 FCFA. Ainsi la gestion durable des écosystèmes et leurs services écosystémiques s’imposent comme une priorité de l’heure pour le bien-être des populations locales.   In Sahel’s countries, forest ecosystems are threatened and knowledge of the state of their services remains a research question to be explored according to climatic zones. This study aims to analyze forest ecosystem services in the communes of Nobéré (Sudanian zone) and Lâ-Toden (Sudano-Sahelian zone) in Burkina Faso. Specifically, it involves understanding endogenous perceptions and determining the economic value of forest ecosystem services in the study area. The approach adopted consisted of conducting surveys with 298 operators and processing the data by applying the principles of the approach to assessing ecosystems for the millennium. Operators perceive 29 ecosystem services provided by managed forests and 31 plant species were cited as being frequently exploited in the study area. The most cited ecosystem services in Nobéré are the maintenance of soil fertility (91.9%), refuge of plant species (89.9%), and non-timber forest products (89.2%). In Lâ-Toden, these are soil protection against erosion (56%), beauty of the landscape (56%), and air purification (56%). The preferred species are Vitellaria paradoxa at Nobéré then Vitellaria paradoxa and Lannea microcarpa at Lâ-Toden. The economic value of supply services in Nobéré and Lâ-Toden is estimated at 326,061,793.9 FCFA and 136,629,986.4 FCFA respectively. Thus, the sustainable management of ecosystems and their ecosystem services is a current priority for the well-being of local population

Analyse Socio-Economique des Services Ecosystémiques Forestiers en Zones Soudanienne et Soudano-Sahélienne au Burkina Faso

Dans les pays du Sahel, les écosystèmes forestiers sont menacés et la connaissance de l’état de leurs services demeure une question de recherche à explorer en fonction des zones climatiques. Cette étude vise à analyser les services écosystémiques forestiers dans les communes de Nobéré (zone soudanienne) et Lâ-Toden (zone soudano-sahélienne) au Burkina Faso. Les forêts sont caractérisées à partir des inventaires floristiques réalisés dans 75 placettes (900 m2 chacune) et de la détermination de la richesse spécifique, la densité, des indices de rareté, d’équitabilité de Piéloul et de diversité de Shannon des espèces forestières. L’analyse des données d’enquêtes conduites  auprès de 298 exploitants a permis d’estimer la valeur économique annuelle (avril 2021 à mai 2022) des services écosystémiques forestiers à travers l’applicaion de l’approche d’évaluation des écosystèmes pour le millénaire. Au total, 42 et 38 espèces ont recensées respectivement à Nobéré et Lâ-Toden. Les services écosystémiques les plus cités à Nobéré sont le maintien de la fertilité du sol (91,9%), refuge d'espèces végétales (89,9%), produits forestiers non ligneux (89,2%). A Lâ-Toden, ce sont la protection des sols contre l'érosion (56%), beauté du paysage (56%), purification de l'air (56%). La valeur économique des services d’approvisionnement à Nobéré et Lâ-Toden est estimée respectivement à 326 061 793,9 FCFA/an et 136 629 986,4 FCFA/an. Ainsi, la gestion durable des services écosystémiques forestiers s’imposent comme une priorité de l’heure pour le bien-être des populations locales en fonction des zones climatiques.   In Sahel’s countries, forest ecosystems are threatened and knowledge of the state of their services remains a research question to be explored according to climatic zones. This study aims to analyze forest ecosystem services in the communes of Nobéré (Sudanian zone) and Lâ-Toden (Sudano-Sahelian zone) in Burkina Faso. The forests are characterized based on floristic inventories carried out in 75 plots (each 900 m2) and determination of specific richness, density, rarity, Piélou, profitability indices, and Shannon diversity of forest species. The analysis of survey data conducted with 298 operators made it possible to estimate the annual economic value (April 2021 to May 2022) of forest ecosystem services through the application of the Millennium ecosystem assessment approach. In total, 42 and 38 species were recorded in Nobéré and Lâ-Toden, respectively. The results show that the forests of Nobéré and Lâ-Toden are distinguished by a divergence in their characteristics. The most cited ecosystem services in Nobéré are the maintenance of soil fertility (91.9%), refuge of plant species (89.9%), and non-timber forest products (89.2%). In Lâ-Toden, these are soil protection against erosion (56%), beauty of the landscape (56%), and air purification (56%). The economic value of supply services in Nobéré and Lâ-Toden is estimated at FCFA/year 326,061,793.9 and 4 FCFA/year 136,629,986. respectively. Thus, the sustainable management of forest ecosystem services is emerging as a current priority for the well-being of local populations depending on climatic zones

Economic Valuation of Ecosystem Services in Sahel's Wetlands: Case of Bourgou (Echinochloa stagnina) in the Inner Niger Delta

The Inner Niger Delta (IND) located in Mali provides several ecosystem services to Sahelian people. Among these services, the bourgou fields (Echinochloa stagnina) have a very high value for inhabitants' livelihood and biodiversity. The main objective of this study is to assess the economic value of bourgou ecosystem services in the IND. Specific objectives are to analyze ecosystem services from Echinochloa stagnina and the benefit-cost of its regeneration (plantation) in the IND. The adopted methodology is based on market price and benefit-cost approaches through analysis of collected data from conducted inhabitants' surveys in the circle of Youwarou located in Mali center. The findings show that each Bourgou producer farms on average 7 hectares that provide fish, pasture, livelihoods, and habitats for biodiversity as ecosystem services. The revenue received by bourgou producers with payment for access to pasture for 89,347 cattle is estimated at USD 150,674.78 (47,085,869 FCFA). The benefit of ecosystem services from bourgou is USD/ha 999.22 (312,257 FCFA/ha). To restore bourgou fields, 98.5% of producers are willing to pay USD 192.07 (60,023 FCFA) for it to improve seeds of 1 hectare cultivation. The bourgou culture is a green financing opportunity for income generation, ecosystem services restoration, and biodiversity conservation. Keywords: Bourgou, Biodiversity, Ecosystem services, Income, Inner Niger Delta DOI: 10.7176/JESD/14-17-03 Publication date: November 30th 202

Economic analysis and food security contribution of supplemental irrigation and farm ponds: evidence from northern Burkina Faso

Background: Dry spells are serious obstacles to rainfed agriculture in Sahelian countries. Various water harvesting techniques are used by farmers to reduce the impact of climate variability, but are not sufficient in the case of a prolonged drought lasting 2–3 weeks. The farmers believe supplemental irrigation is a good way to adapt rainfed agriculture to dry spells. In this study, we evaluated the food contribution and profitability of supplemental irrigation of rainfed crops comparing various farm ponds that collect runoff water from the surrounding landscape. Methods: We analyzed the contribution of supplemental irrigation to food security and compared the profitability of different types of ponds constructed by farmers in northern Burkina Faso. Human cereal requirement was used as indicators to analyze the contribution of supplemental irrigation to food security. The criteria for analyzing the profitability of the selected ponds were gross margin (GM), net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) and payback period (PBP). Results: Our results show that the additional yield of corn obtained with supplemental irrigation makes it possible to meet the monthly cereal needs of at least 17 people and generates an additional GM of FCFA 178,483 (US$ 309.26) compared to no irrigation. The estimate of the NPV, from IRR and PBP showed that the profitability of supplemental irrigation in 15 agricultural seasons varies between the type of ponds constructed. Conclusions: Given the up-front cost and the farmers’ lack of resources, the ponds require a subsidy or a credit policy to facilitate the adoption of supplemental irrigation in Sahelian countries. However, the irrigation strategies to optimize agricultural income remain a field of research to be explored

Performance technico-économique de l'appât alimentaire local à base des déchets de levure de lutte contre les mouches de fruits du manguier au Burkina Faso

International audienceDéclaration de divulgation : L'auteur n'a pas connaissance de quelconque financement qui pourrait affecter l'objectivité de cette étude. Conflit d'intérêts : L'auteur ne signale aucun conflit d'intérêts. Pour citer cet article : TASSEMBÉDO, B., OUÉDRAOGO, M., NÉBIÉ, K. & TOÉ, P. (2023) « Performance technico-économique de l'appât alimentaire local à base des déchets de levure de lutte contre les mouches des fruits du manguier au Burkina Faso »

Willingness to pay for biopesticides for tomato cultivation in Burkina Faso

This study aims to assess the willingness to pay (WTP) for biopesticides among producers and identify the factors influencing this WTP for the use of biopesticides in tomato farms in the provinces of Houet, Sourou, Oubritenga and Passoré in Burkina Faso. A survey was conducted among a random sample of 904 producers using a semi-structured questionnaire and the referendum method to reveal the producers' preferences for biopesticides. Data analysis shows that producers are highly aware of the dangers associated with heavily agrochemical-based production methods. More than 80% of the sampled producers consent to paying for biopesticides, but with a relatively low average WTP of 14,180 FCFA. The estimation of a logistic model indicates that factors influencing producers' decision to pay include gender, household size, producer experience, income from vegetable farming, and the amount of the proposed bid. Additionally, perception variables such as the perceived effectiveness of biopesticides and the level of information about biopesticides positively influence the willingness to pay. However, contextual differences and significant heterogeneity among producers may introduce biases in estimating the average WTP and identifying these determinants

How innovation platforms can facilitate sustainable intensification? Insights from multi-level systems research in West-Africa

International audienceAs new instruments for agricultural policies, innovation platforms (IP) are experienced for over a decade. They reflect the evolutions in frameworks for thinking the drivers of agricultural development. Notably, researchers are supposed to become actors among others and no more be the only ones to produce useful knowledge. In West Africa, IPs are mainly promoted in two forms: "value chains approach-based" IP that aim at improving productivity, competitiveness and markets, and "agricultural research-oriented" IP that aim at designing and transferring new agricultural practices. In both cases, researchers still face many demands for designing, implementing or facilitating IPs. In order to explore the pertinence of these instruments as regards sustainable intensification processes (SI) in west-African savannah, the ASAP research platform gathering five national and international research centers (IER, IDR, CIRAD, CIRDES, INERA) organized a seminar in Bobo-Dioulasso in 2013. The objectives were to take stock of i) systems research results on innovation processes that contribute to SI, ii) lessons from the experimentations of IPs set up in different countries (Burkina, Mali, Niger, Senegal). Then we explored the possible functions of IPs in SI processes and we examined implications for researchers to achieve the high expectations that are being laid at their door. Two main functions have been identified, according to the nature of innovations and the step of SI process itself: 1) either SI is breaking with the dominant agricultural model. IP functions are threefold: give sense to SI; create multi-actor partnerships based on long-term commitment to change and a way to collectively go-on through adaptive management; facilitate farmer-led innovation processes. 2) Or SI is in continuity with dominant agricultural dynamics. IP mainly aims at accelerating innovation processes through the facilitation of informal multi-actor arrangements and of knowledge exchanges between converging local innovation systems. We showed how the diversity of systems research methods produced by ASAP research platform enables to produce useful tools and knowledge to help the implementation of these different IPs. However we also highlighted a number of areas for future research and capacity building issues for researchers if they are to play their part to the full

Évaluation ex ante de l’irrigation de complément dans un contexte sahélien : couplage d’un modèle biophysique à un modèle économique d’exploitation agricole

peer reviewedEx ante evaluation of supplemental irrigation in a Sahelian context: coupling biophysical and economic models Description of the subject. In Sahelian countries, irregular spatial and temporal rainfall distribution remains a threat for rainfed agriculture despite the use of a wide range of techniques for soil conservation. Objectives. To analyze several irrigation strategies for rainfed crops and to assess the likely economic incentives to support the adoption of supplemental irrigation from farm ponds in response to dry spells. Method. The supplemental irrigation strategies and economic incentives were analyzed using an applied bio-economic model in a typical farm. Results. The simulations showed that supplemental irrigation from small individual ponds would increase farmers’ income compared to the situation without irrigation. Maize, sorghum and millet production under supplemental irrigation in a dry year would increase expected income by 26.49% (133,030 CFA francs equivalent to 202.80 euros) compared to the situation without irrigation. Simulations with incentives to promote supplemental irrigation focused on four subsidy modalities and the introduction of a credit system for agricultural households. Conclusions. Of the incentives studied, the food-for-work subsidy to mobilize labor for basin building seems particularly suitable for scaling-up supplemental irrigation.Description du sujet. Dans les pays sahéliens, la répartition spatio-temporelle hautement variable des précipitations demeure une menace pour l’agriculture pluviale, malgré le grand nombre de techniques diffusées pour la conservation des eaux et des sols. Objectifs. Analyser plusieurs stratégies d’irrigation des cultures pluviales et évaluer l’impact probable des mesures économiques incitatives en vue de faciliter l’adoption de l’irrigation de complément à partir des petits bassins individuels de collecte des eaux de ruissellement face aux poches de sècheresse. Méthode. Les stratégies possibles d’irrigation de complément et les simulations des mesures économiques incitatives ont été analysées à partir d’un modèle bio-économique appliqué à une exploitation agricole type. Résultats. Les simulations montrent que l’irrigation de complément permet d’accroitre le revenu espéré des agriculteurs, comparativement à la situation sans irrigation. La culture du maïs, du sorgho et du mil sous l’irrigation de complément en année sèche augmente le revenu espéré de 26,49 % (133 030 francs CFA, équivalent à 202,80 euros) comparativement à la situation sans irrigation. Les simulations visant à promouvoir l’irrigation de complément à partir des petits bassins individuels sont axées sur quatre modalités de subventions et un système d’octroi de crédit aux ménages agricoles. Conclusions. Parmi les mesures incitatives, la subvention sous forme de travail contre nourriture pour mobiliser la main-d’œuvre en vue de construire les bassins semble particulièrement adaptée pour la mise à l’échelle de la pratique de l’irrigation de complément à partir des petits bassins individuels