A novel fluorescent "turn-on" chemosensor for nanomolar detection of Fe(III) from aqueous solution and its application in living cells imaging

An electronically active and spectral sensitive fluorescent “turn-on” chemosensor (BTP-1) based on the benzo-thiazolo-pyrimidine unit was designed and synthesized for the highly selective and sensitive detection of Fe³⁺ from aqueous medium. With Fe³⁺, the sensor BTP-1 showed a remarkable fluorescence enhancement at 554 nm (λex=314 nm) due to the inhibition of photo-induced electron transfer. The sensor formed a host-guest complex in 1:1 stoichiometry with the detection limit down to 0.74 nM. Further, the sensor was successfully utilized for the qualitative and quantitative intracellular detection of Fe³⁺ in two liver cell lines i.e., HepG2 cells (human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line) and HL-7701 cells (human normal liver cell line) by a confocal imaging technique

A novel FRET probe for determination of fluorescein sodium in aqueous solution: Analytical application for ophthalmic sample

1187-1193Fluorescent pyrene nanoparticles (PyNPs) have been prepared by a reprecipitation method in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) as a stabilizer. The formation of PyNPs has been confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and excited state lifetime measurements. DLS results of PyNPs shows a narrow size distribution with average particle size of 77.4 nm and negative zeta potential. The systematic FRET experiments performed by measuring fluorescence quenching of PyNPs with successive addition of FL-Na analyte exploited the use of PyNPs as nanoprobe for detection of FL-Na in aqueous solution. The fluorescence of PyNPs has been quenched by Fl-Na and quenching has been in accordance with the Stern-Volmer relation. The distance r between the donor (PyNPs) and acceptor (FL-Na) molecules has been obtained according to the fluorescence resonance energy transfer. The fluorescence quenching results have been used further to develop an analytical method for estimation of fluorescein sodium from ophthalmic samples available commercially in the market

PRESCRIPTION ANALYSIS OF HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS AND AWARENESS AMONG PHYSICIAN REGARDING ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUG

Objective: This study was conducted to analyze prescriptions of the hypertensive patient and to determine the awareness of physicians regarding antihypertensive drugs. Methods: Prepare a questionnaire by the pilot study on five physicians. Review and finalized the questionnaire after discussion with pharmacologist. The answers were seek for awareness. Moreover the prescription of 30 patients was collected from the same physician who has undertaken the awareness regarding Antihypertensive Drugs. Study was conducted during Oct-2019 to Dec 2019. Results: Average 83% awareness was found in the physician regarding antihypertensive drugs. Lack of awareness regarding diabetes and in ulcer patients was observed. Highest drug is given i.e. β blockers in antihypertensive patients. To determine the irrationality in the prescription of hypertensive patients. Conclusion: To determine the FDC`s given to hypertensive patients. To determine the type of antihypertensive drugs given to patients

Endophytic Mycoflora of Indian Medicinal Plant, Terminalia arjuna and their Biological Activities

Studies were undertaken to isolate, identify and evaluate the biological activities of endophytic mycoflora of Indian medicinal plant, Terminalia arjuna. A total of 20 isolates of endophytic fungi were obtained from the leaves, twigs and bark tissues of the Terminalia arjuna. Out of 20, six isolates exhibited promising antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities when cultivated at shake flask level. The selected isolates were identified on the basis of morphology and ITS gene sequencing. Three isolates, designated as TA BA 1, TA L1 and TA L2 were identified as Aspergillus flavus whereas; the remaining three endophytic fungi were identified as Diaporthe arengae (TA TW2), Alternaria Sp. (TA TW1) and Lasiodiplodia theobromae (TA BA2). Aspergillus flavus was found as the predominant endophyte in leaves and bark tissues of the plant. The crude extract of the test isolates showed considerable antimicrobial activity against common human bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella abony and Bacillus subtilis) and fungal (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Penicilium sp.) pathogens. The extract of Diaporthe arengae (TA TW2) significantly reduced the concentration of DPPH free radical as percent DPPH scavenging activity was found to be highest (69.56%) in comparison with other isolates. The % inhibition of hemolysis of RBCs was found to be highest (82.85%) with Diaporthe arengae (TA TW2) in comparison (83.26%) with standard drug (Ibuprofen). Among all, the extract of the Diaporthe arengae (TA TW2) showed excellent biological activities and hence was subjected to further characterization. The phytochemical investigation of the extract revealed the presence of terpenoids as the major phytoconstituents which was supported by TLC and UV spectroscopic studies. The results indicate that the isolated endophytes could be the valuable source of these bioactive molecules with diverse biological activities. The bioactivities may be attributed to the terpenoids present in the endophytic extract

Genetic diversity analysis in Gladiolus genotypes (Gladiolus hybridus Hort)

In the present investigation, thirty gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus Hort) genotypes were assessed to know the nature and magnitude of genetic divergence using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. Genetic diversity study indicated that among the 17 characters, most of the flower characters contributed towards diversity. Floret diameter contributed maximum towards genetic divergence followed by number of florets per spike, vase life, spike length and plant height.Thirty genotypes were grouped into 8 clusters and among them, cluster I was the largest with 9 genotypes followed by cluster II having 7 genotypes, and IV cluster 6 and cluster III with 3 genotypes each. Clusters were of V, VII and VIII solitary type means they having only one genotype in their group. Divergence values (D2 value) ranged from zero to 7.97 indicating considerable amount of moderate variability in the material studied. Information generated from the present study would be useful in selection of parents for future breeding programme for flower quality improvement in gladiolus. It is desirable to select genotypes from clusters having high cluster means and also with high flower character like spike length as parents for future recombination breeding programmes

ZnO nanocrystalline thin films: a correlation of microstructural, optoelectronic properties

The compositional, structural, microstructural, dc electrical conductivity and optical properties of undoped zinc oxide films prepared by the sol-gel process using a spin-coating technique were investigated. The ZnO films were obtained by 5 cycle spin-coated and dried zinc oxide films followed by annealing in air at 600 ° C. The films deposited on the platinum coated silicon substrate were crystallized in a hexagonal wurtzite form. The energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometry shows Zn and O elements in the products with an approximate molar ratio. TEM image of ZnO thin film shows that a grain of about 60-80 nm in size is really an aggregate of many small crystallites of around 10-20 nm. Electron diffraction pattern shows that the ZnO films exhibited hexagonal structure. The SEM micrograph showed that the films consist in nanocrystalline grains randomly distributed with voids in different regions. The dc conductivity found in the range of 10-5-10-6 (Ω cm)-1. The optical study showed that the spectra for all samples give the transparency in the visible range

Causality assessment and the severity of the adverse drug reactions in tertiary care hospital: a pharmacovigilance study

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) constitute a major clinical problem in terms of human suffering and increased health care costs. To study the adverse drug reactions reported in a tertiary care hospital and study of causality assessment and severity of adverse drug reaction (ADR) cases reported.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted as part of pharmacovigilance program over 12months between September 2015 and August 2016. Adverse drug reactions reported from hospital were filled into Suspected ADR - CDSCO forms and submitted to pharmacovigilance unit. Causal relationship was assessed and categorized by Naranjo’s algorithm and WHO - UMC causality scale. The severity of each ADR was assessed using Modified Hartwig and Siegel scale.Results: Total 120 cases were reported over 12 months. Among them, 66% were in males and 55% were in females. The majority of ADRs were due to antimicrobial agents (40.78%) followed by haematinics (12%) and anti-epileptics (10%). Maximum number of patients (30.25%) reported with dermatological manifestations. Highest number of ADRs was reported from the department of medicine (45%). As per Naranjo’s scale, 54% reports were assessed as probable and 46% classified as possible. Majority of cases were mild to moderate in severity.Conclusions: The pattern of ADRs reported in our hospital is similar with the pattern of studies conducted in other hospitals elsewhere. This study provides a database of ADRs due to commonly used drugs in our hospital, which will help clinicians for their optimum and safe use. Hence effective pharmacovigilance is required for the use of these drugs and their safety assessment

Advanced Door Level Security For Theft Detection

Now a day?s many door access control systems are available in market but still the theft rates are increased. Protecting highly secured areas with single level biometric system for access control is not efficient. So in this paper we proposed a system with two level security checks. This system uses password with face recognition technique for theft detection. First system acquires password from user. If that password matched with authorized password, then current captured image will get compared with authorized image stored along with that password. This two level security reduces the number of comparisons required to match the image with authorized person. If any unauthorized person tries to get access of area, then system raises alarm and sends message to registered mobile number using GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) module. If any unauthorized person tries to harm the system, vibration sensor sends signal to microcontroller 89E51RD2 which in turns raises alarm. This system helps users for improvement of the door security of sensitive locations by using face detection and recognition. This system uses sensor, namely passive infrared receiver (PIR) which detects presence of human in front of door, Vibration sensors for detecting vibrations at door or window area, Microcontroller 89E51RD2 for sending signals to computer, Camera for capturing images, GSM module for sending messages and a buzzer for alerting authorized persons

AWARENESS, KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE ABOUT DENGUE AMONG SOCIETY

Objective: The survey about dengue was carried out to gather the information about dengue fever, create awareness among the people. To determined the index of knowledge, attitude and awareness among the surveyed population about dengue. Methods: The questionnaire was prepared under the guidance of a pharmacologist. Pilot study was conducted among ten nos. of the population prior actual study. Questionnaire was revised and finalized according to an input of the pilot study. This questionnaire presented to the hundred peoples of different age group. Method involves face to face interview and seeking answers for different questions. Responses were recorded for further analysis and interpretation. Responses were sorted and analyzed. Different questions were categorized into the domain of awareness, knowledge and attitude. Data was presented in the form of graphs. Results: Percentage of awareness, knowledge and attitude found to be 59, 44, 52 respectively. It is observed that three parameters are almost in the range of fifty percent. Precautions plays vital role in prevention of Dengue. Conclusion: it is concluded that there is scope for improvement for creating awareness, knowledge and attitude among the surveyed population as representative of the general population. This may help to overcome the risk of this communicable and deadly disease

Simultaneous Estimation of Berberine and Quercetin in Pathydi Kada Formulation by Hptlc

A sensitive, selective and precise thin-layer chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the analysis of Berberine and Quercetin in Pathydi Kada laboratory prepared and Market formulation. Separation and quantification were achieved by TLC using mobile phase of Ethyl acetate: Methanol: Glacial acetic acid (6: 4: 0.5) v/v/v (Rf 0.2 & 0.84 for Berberine and Quercetin respectively) on precoated silica gel 60F254 aluminum plates and determination was carried out at 254 and 366 nm for berberine and quercetin respectively. The calibration curve was linear in the concentration range of 4-12 μg spot-1. The method was validated for precision, repeatability and accuracy. The proposed method was found to be simple, precise, specific, sensitive and accurate for the quantification of Berberine and Quercetin. This is the first TLC report for the simultaneous estimation of Berberine and Quercetin in Pathydi Kada formulation and may be useful for the routine quality control