Design of Rectangular Patch Wi-Fi Antenna using Coaxial Feed

In this Paper, a rectangular patch Wi-Fi antenna using coaxial feed is designed, with complete mathematical calculations and the results are simulated using IE3D software with an operating frequency of 2.4nbsp GHz. Wi-Fi is a wirelessnbspnbspnbspnbspnbsp networking technology that allows computers and other devices to communicate over a wireless signal, it is also used to create a wireless LAN .Wi-Fi antenna are used at both 2.4GHz and 5 GHz. The Wi-Fi frequency is highest frequency on the mobile phone among all the application frequency. As the Microstrip patch antennas are small in size, light weight and integrated easily on device. the antenna performance is measured on IE3D software and we get optimum result

A Comparative Analysis of Evolutionary Algorithms for Synthesis of Scanned Linear Array of Mutually Coupled Parallel Dipole Antennas

This paper presents a comparative analysis of threeevolutionary algorithms, namely, Backtracking Search Algorithm,Cuckoo Search Algorithm and Artificial Bee Colony Algorithms forsynthesis of a scanned linear array of uniformly spaced parallel halfwavelength dipole antennas. Here, antenna parameters, namely SideLobe Level, reflection coefficient and wide null depth are taken intoconsideration for comparison between algorithms. In addition to it,statistical parameters, namely best fitness value, mean and standarddeviation of the fitness values obtained from algorithms are compared.Mutual coupling that exists among the antenna elements is included inobtaining radiation patterns and the self-impedances along with themutual impedances are calculated by induced Electro-Motive Forcemethod. Two different examples are shown in this paper to validate theeffectiveness of the utilized approach. Although, this approach is appliedto a linear array of dipole antennas; this can be utilized for other arraygeometries as well

Uremic serum-induced calcification of human aortic smooth muscle cells is a regulated process involving Klotho and RUNX2

© 2019 The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).Vascular calcification (VC) is common in subjects with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. It is an active process involving transdifferentiation of arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) into osteogenic phenotype. We investigated the ability of serum from CKD subjects to induce calcification in human SMCs in vitro (calcific potential of sera: CP), and associated changes in expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), SM22a, and Klotho. Sera from subjects with CKD (18 stage 3, 17 stage 4/5, and 29 stage 5D) and 20 controls were added to human cultured SMCs and CP quantified. The CP of CKD sera was greater (P>0.01) than that of controls, though not influenced by CKD stage. Modification of diet in renal disease estimated glomerular filtration rate (MDRD-4 eGFR) (P>0.001), serum phosphate (P=0.042), receptor activator of nuclear factor ?appa-B ligand (RANKL) (P=0.001), parathyroid hormone (PTH) (P=0.014), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)/cholesterol ratio (P=0.026) were independent predictors of CP accounting for 45% of variation. Adding calcification buffer (CB: calcium chloride [7 mM] and β-glycerophosphate [7 mM]) increased the CP of control sera to approximate that of CKD sera. CP of CKD sera was unchanged. CKD sera increased RUNX2 expression (P>0.01) in human SMCs and decreased SM22a expression (P>0.05). Co-incubating control but not CKD serum with CB further increased RUNX2 expression (P>0.01). Both SM22a and Klotho expression decreased significantly (P>0.01) in the presence of CKD serum, and were virtually abolished with stage 5D sera. These findings support active regulation by CKD serum of in vitro VC by induction of RUNX2 and suppression of SM22a and Klotho.Peer reviewe

Applying dissipative dynamical systems to pseudorandom number generation: Equidistribution property and statistical independence of bits at distances up to logarithm of mesh size

The behavior of a family of dissipative dynamical systems representing transformations of two-dimensional torus is studied on a discrete lattice and compared with that of conservative hyperbolic automorphisms of the torus. Applying dissipative dynamical systems to generation of pseudorandom numbers is shown to be advantageous and equidistribution of probabilities for the sequences of bits can be achieved. A new algorithm for generating uniform pseudorandom numbers is proposed. The theory of the generator, which includes proofs of periodic properties and of statistical independence of bits at distances up to logarithm of mesh size, is presented. Extensive statistical testing using available test packages demonstrates excellent results, while the speed of the generator is comparable to other modern generators.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, 3 table

Participatory Pasture Development in Hot Arid Region of India

Livestock production is one of the main occupations of resource-poor and resource-rich people living in India’s arid regions, and common grazing lands have always played a major role in livestock based livelihood systems, as around 50% of animals depend on grazing (Misra et al, 2015). According to the National Sample Survey Organization, common property land resources constitute about 15% of the total geographical area of India, of which 23% is community pasture and grazing lands and 16% have been classified as village forests and woodlots (NSSO, 1999). At another level, India has the largest livestock population in the world, with 512 million head of livestock, many of them raised by small and marginal farmers who depend on grazing land to meet the fodder requirements of their animals (Anonymous, 2012). Traditionally, close link exists between livestock and common property resources (CPRs), as grazing is predominate feeding practice among the livestock keepers in hot arid region of India. This complex inter-relationship between CPRs, livestock and crops in arid and semi-arid production systems has contributed to the sustainability of dryland agriculture for generations (Misra et al., 2009). However, the typical scenario of community grazing lands has been one of gradually declining productivity due to overexploitation, and declining area due to privatization. Keeping this in view, Livestock Production Systems & Range Management Division and Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) of Central arid Zone Research Institute (CAZRI), Jodhpur identified pasture development as a major thrust area for the hot arid zone of India. The interventions related to pasture development was carried out on a total of 88 ha common/private land in ten gram panchayat in two districts (Jodhpur and Nagur) of western Rajasthan during 2010-14 in collaboration with local farming communities, NGOs and Goushala

Symptom Domain Groups of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Tools Independently Predict Hospitalizations and Re-hospitalizations in Cirrhosis

Background Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) tools can identify health-related quality of life (HRQOL) domains that could differentially affect disease progression. Cirrhotics are highly prone to hospitalizations and re-hospitalizations, but the current clinical prognostic models may be insufficient, and thus studying the contribution of individual HRQOL domains could improve prognostication. Aim Analyze the impact of individual HRQOL PROMIS domains in predicting time to all non-elective hospitalizations and re-hospitalizations in cirrhosis. Methods Outpatient cirrhotics were administered PROMIS computerized tools. The first non-elective hospitalization and subsequent re-hospitalizations after enrollment were recorded. Individual PROMIS domains significantly contributing toward these outcomes were generated using principal component analysis. Factor analysis revealed three major PROMIS domain groups: daily function (fatigue, physical function, social roles/activities and sleep issues), mood (anxiety, anger, and depression), and pain (pain behavior/impact) accounted for 77% of the variability. Cox proportional hazards regression modeling was used for these groups to evaluate time to first hospitalization and re-hospitalization. Results A total of 286 patients [57 years, MELD 13, 67% men, 40% hepatic encephalopathy (HE)] were enrolled. Patients were followed at 6-month (mth) intervals for a median of 38 mths (IQR 22–47), during which 31% were hospitalized [median IQR mths 12.5 (3–27)] and 12% were re-hospitalized [10.5 mths (3–28)]. Time to first hospitalization was predicted by HE, HR 1.5 (CI 1.01–2.5, p = 0.04) and daily function PROMIS group HR 1.4 (CI 1.1–1.8, p = 0.01), independently. In contrast, the pain PROMIS group were predictive of the time to re-hospitalization HR 1.6 (CI 1.1–2.3, p = 0.03) as was HE, HR 2.1 (CI 1.1–4.3, p = 0.03). Conclusions Daily function and pain HRQOL domain groups using PROMIS tools independently predict hospitalizations and re-hospitalizations in cirrhotic patients

Genetic and antigenic variation of foot-and-mouth disease virus during persistent infection in naturally infected cattle and Asian buffalo in India

Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication. The role of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) persistently infected ruminants in initiating new outbreaks remains controversial, and the perceived threat posed by such animals hinders international trade in FMD-endemic countries. In this study we report longitudinal analyses of genetic and antigenic variations of FMDV serotype O/ME-SA/Ind2001d sublineage during naturally occurring, persistent infection in cattle and buffalo at an organised dairy farm in India. The proportion of animals from which FMDV RNA was recovered was not significantly different between convalescent (post-clinical) and sub-clinically infected animals or between cattle and buffalo across the sampling period. However, infectious virus was isolated from a higher proportion of buffalo samples and for a longer duration compared to cattle. Analysis of the P1 sequences from recovered viruses indicated fixation of mutations at the rate of 1.816 x 10-2substitution/site/year (s/s/y) (95% CI 1.362–2.31 x 10−2 s/s/y). However, the majority of point mutations were transitional substitutions. Within individual animals, the mean dN/dS (ω) value for the P1 region varied from 0.076 to 0.357, suggesting the selection pressure acting on viral genomes differed substantially across individual animals. Statistical parsimony analysis indicated that all of the virus isolates from carrier animals originated from the outbreak virus. The antigenic relationship value as determined by 2D-VNT assay revealed fluctuation of antigenic variants within and between carrier animals during the carrier state which suggested that some carrier viruses had diverged substantially from the protection provided by the vaccine strain. This study contributes to understanding the extent of within-host and within-herd evolution that occurs during the carrier state of FMDV

Failure Correction of a Linear Array of Coupled Parallel Vertical Dipole Antennas, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2020, nr 1

In this paper, a cuckoo search algorithm based on the combined characteristics of the brood parasite behavior and Levy flights is applied to correct the radiation pattern of a linear antenna array composed of parallel dipoles with faulty elements. An effort is made to restore the radiation pattern similar to one without any faulty elements, and the difference in the values of side lobe level and wide null depth of both patterns, as well as the voltage standing wave ratio obtained from the new voltage excitations become diminished. The examples presented in this paper show the effectiveness of this algorithm in correcting the radiation pattern of a linear array of 36 and 120 dipole antennas with four and ten failed elements, respectively. The results show that the matching condition and the wide null control produced by Cuckoo Search algorithm are more efficient in comparison with the benchmark failure correction algorithm. The approach adopted herein may be applied to other array configurations as wel

Recycling marble wastes and Jarosite wastes into sustainable hybrid composite materials and validation through Response Surface Methodology

During marble processing such as cutting, polishing and grinding, a considerable amount of fine residues refereed as marble processing rejects (MPRs) are produced and have become a serious environmental issue. So the current study deals with the conversion of MPRs into hybrid ceramic composite bricks (CCB) with Jarosite waste in a clay matrix system. Mix design and optimization of CCB was performed to illustrate the potentials of MPRs and Jarosite wastes as low-cost high-value composites materials. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) model was also used in this work for simulation and to optimize the process for improving CCB quality employing classic mixture approach. Detoxification through mineralogical changes was achieved during firing composite bricks at 960 °C ± 2 °C and was confirmed using the XRD analysis. Compressive strength of CCB using 15% MPRs with 1:1 Jarosite waste - clay matrix ratio met the standard quality (>35 kg/cm2) for its use in construction purpose. It is evident from the RSM model results and statistical analysis for the response compressive strength, shrinkage, water absorption capacity, density and leachate concentration of Cd as well as Pb in the CCB is in laudable agreement with actual experimental performance