Demilitarized Zone: An Exceptional Layer of Network Security to Mitigate DDoS Attack

In today’s era of digitalization, everything is accessible remotely through smaller devices than ever. This brings a lot of concerns, security being at the top of the list for the organizations providing services to the public. The organization has to provide updated services every single time and at the same point, has to make sure that an intruder cannot get through the core of the organization which is the inside private network or LAN. If an organization provides mail and web services to their customers on daily basis, putting their servers within the local area network opens up the vulnerability to be directly accessible by an outsider from the untrusted network like the internet which will then just be the matter of skills and powerful machines to manipulate the whole system. Thus, the organization has to make some changes to their networks like creating the Demilitarized Zone or DMZ. DMZ provides an extra layer between the inside and outside network making it difficult to get access to the trusted network. The concept is, all the public-facing servers which provide distinguished services to the customers should be kept outside of LAN and within the DMZ. So, every time when the remote user requests for the service through the internet, it will be rerouted directly to the DMZ rather than LAN. The approach presented is to check whether the network with DMZ can sustain the DDoS attack generated using the python script better than the network without DMZ or not. The network is emulated using GNS3 to keep the host system isolated from the attacking vectors. Kali Linux virtual machine is used to resemble the attacker. Results are analyzed using Wireshark

Driver Behavior Analysis of Older Adults at Road Intersections Using Naturalistic Driving Data

In this study, I have understood driving behavior difference between drivers with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and drivers without Mild Cognitive Impairment (Non-MCI) and understood the relationship between cognitive abilities of different individuals and their driving behavior. I have developed different methodologies to extract different measures representing driving behavior at road intersections. Multiple driving individuals residing in MCI and Non-MCI were recruited and their driving data and physiological data were recorded. Driving behavior was represented in two domains (Physiological domain and Vehicular domain). First goal of this study was to find out driving behavior difference between MCI and Non-MCI group of drivers using both physiological domain measures as well as vehicular domain measures using statistical analysis. Second goal of this study was to find relationship between cognitive abilities and driving performance measures. To find out this difference braking patterns of drivers were analyzed just before the intersection to understand the effect of declined cognitive abilities on the effectiveness of driving. Based on the results of the experiments machine learning model was trained to classify drivers in two different classes based on their vehicular and physiological domain driving performance measures. From the experiments performed, I found out that there is some significant difference between MCI and Non-MCI group of drivers in both Physiological domain measures as well as Vehicle domain measures.Master of Science in EngineeringElectrical Engineering, College of Engineering & Computer ScienceUniversity of Michigan-Dearbornhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152437/1/Manan Patel Final Thesis.pdfDescription of Manan Patel Final Thesis.pdf : Thesi

Novel Emulsion Base for Vaginal Yeast Infection with Half Drug Concentration

The dissolution of the drug in the vaginal cavity strongly influences the efficacy of the product due to insufficient moisture at the vaginal site. This study was undertaken to develop semi-solid dosage forms of miconazole nitrate to optimize its release. Formulations containing miconazole nitrate at 2% were developed using hypromellose gel, non-ionic emulsion, and cationic emulsion. The effect of penetration enhancers such as propylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether at various concentrations was studied. Diffusion studies were carried out to evaluate the drug release and compared it against a commercial product. Formulation with the highest drug release was further evaluated at half (1%) drug concentration. Formulation with reduced drug levels along with the commercial product was evaluated for drug release for an extended time using human cadaver skin. The general order of average cumulative drug release from three bases was observed to be cationic emulsion > hydroxypropyl methylcellulose >non-ionic emulsion. Among all samples, the cationic emulsion with 5% DMSO gave a maximum drug release of 7.27 ± 0.2 mg/cm2 with a flux of 0.70 mg/cm2/min compared to only 3.09 ± 0.1 mg/cm2 drug release with 0.51 mg/cm2/min flux for brand product. The average cumulative drug release for formulation with half (1%) drug and brand (2% drug) over a period of 12 h through human cadaver skin was observed to be 8.28 ± 0.9 mg/cm2 and 8.71 ± 0.9 mg/cm2, respectively. This observation was in conformance with the in vitro antifungal studies showing an equivalent zone of inhibition. Keywords: Cationic emulsion, Drug release, Dimethylsulfoxide, In vitro antifungal study

EKG De-noising using 1-D Wavelets Techniques

© ASEE 2009The electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a graphic recording or display of the time- variant voltages produced by the myocardium during the cardiac cycle. The P, QRS, and T waves reflect the rhythmic electrical depolarization and re-polarization of the myocardium associated with the contractions of the atria and ventricles. The electrocardiogram is generally used clinically in diagnosing various diseases and conditions associated with the heart. It also serves as a timing reference for other measurements. Hence its accurate measurement is a must. A normal EKG waveform consists of common mode noises such as dc electrode offset potential and 50 or 60 Hz ac-induced interference. This paper presents the study of filtering these noises using 1-Dimensional wavelets theory. Wavelets are mathematical functions that cut up data into different frequency components, and then study each component with a resolution matched to its scale. They have advantages over traditional Fourier methods in analyzing physical situations where the signal contains discontinuous and sharp spikes

EKG De-noising using 2-D Wavelet Techniques

© ASEE 2009The electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a recording of the potential produced by the heart, taken from specific predetermined parts of the body such as arms, legs or points on the chest. It plays an important role in medical field as monitoring of human body and the diagnosis of many heart related problems depend on the recording. Hence its accurate measurement is a must. This paper presents the study of filtering the noises present in an EKG waveform using 2-D wavelet techniques. Wavelets are mathematical functions that cut up data into different frequency components, and then study each component with a resolution matched to its scale. Wavelets are predominantly used for image processing techniques. Hence to use a 2-D technique over a 1-D signal, an EKG should be represented as a mesh or a 2-D image map. Such an image map, or an EKG map in this case, can be used by wavelet processing for de-noising purposes. The de-noising procedure is performed using three steps: decomposition, thresholding and reconstruction. The paper discusses the mentioned steps in detail

Impact of Cocaine Use on Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients: Insights from Nationwide Inpatient Sample in the United States

Cocaine is the third most common substance of abuse after cannabis and alcohol. The use of cocaine as an illicit substance is implicated as a causative factor for multisystem derangements ranging from an acute crisis to chronic complications. Vasospasm is the proposed mechanism behind adverse events resulting from cocaine abuse, acute ischemic strokes (AIS) being one of the few. Our study looked into in-hospital outcomes owing to cocaine use in the large population based study of AIS patients. Using the national inpatient sample (NIS) database from 2014 of United States of America, we identified AIS patients with cocaine use using International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes. We compared demographics, mortality, in-hospital outcomes and comorbidities between AIS with cocaine use cohort versus AIS without cocaine use cohort. Acute ischemic strokes (AIS) with cocaine group consisted of higher number of older patients (\u3e 85 years) (25.6% versus 18.7%, p \u3c 0.001) and females (52.4% versus 51.0%, p \u3c 0.001). Cocaine cohort had higher incidence of valvular disorders (13.2% versus 9.7%, p \u3c 0.001), venous thromboembolism (3.5% versus 2.6%, p \u3c 0.03), vasculitis (0.9% versus 0.4%, p \u3c 0.003), sudden cardiac death (0.4% versus 0.2%, p \u3c 0.02), epilepsy (10.1% versus 7.4%, p \u3c 0.001) and major depression (13.2% versus 10.7%, p \u3c 0.007). The multivariate logistic regression analysis found cocaine use to be the major risk factor for hospitalization in AIS cohort. In-hospital mortality (odds ratio (OR)= 1.4, 95% confidence interval= 1.1-1.9, p \u3c 0.003) and the disposition to short-term hospitals (odds ratio (OR)= 2.6, 95% confidence interval = 2.1-3.3, p \u3c 0.001) were also higher in cocaine cohort. Venous thromboembolism was observed to be linked with cocaine use (OR= 1.5, 95% confidence interval= 1.0-2.1, p \u3c 0.01) but less severely than vasculitis (OR= 3.0, 95% confidence interval= 1.6-5.8, p \u3c 0.001). Further prospective research is warranted in this direction to improve the outcomes for AIS and lessen the financial burden on the healthcare system of the United States

Customized sorting and packaging machine

India is a country which has a cornerstone of agriculture. And as it comes to fruit/vegetable sorting and packaging in India, human labor has been a vital part. With manual hand picking, it is a very laborious task to classify the quality of fruits/vegetables and simultaneously pack them. One leading-edge technology for the fulfilment of this purpose is ‘Image Processing’ technology which is extremely fast and cost-efficient. Our whole idea revolves around the fact that each fruit will be inspected, sort and simultaneously packed. For the same, a low cost automated mechatronic system has designed consisting of a solitary mechanical arrangement, which is controlled and synchronized through electronic components. Fruits/vegetables are sorted as high-quality and low-quality on the basis of physical appearance and weight. For this, a suitable algorithm is designed using the Open CV library. And the sorting is done using Arduino Uno and Raspberry pi. Hence the aim is to develop a sorting and packaging facility that can be established at the very root level itself which will be economically compact and accurate and will give more justice to farmers