A Meta-Analysis of Workaholism

This meta-analysis examines the relationship between workaholism and numerous work behaviors and outcomes in an attempt to derive a consensus regarding the current state of our understanding of this construct and clarify the impact that the compulsion to work may have on an individual's life. Overall, based on data from 44 studies, results suggest that there is a considerable amount of variability between workaholism and work-related outcomes. Specifically, the two most established and reputable measures of workaholism, the Work Addiction Risk Test (WART) and the Workaholism Battery (WorkBat), appear to focus on uniquely different aspects of workaholism and were subsequently found to be differentially related to various work criteria. These findings suggest that a consistent definition and operationalization of workaholism is explicitly needed before further progress can be made.  M.A

Development of 100W Solid State Power Amplifier at 13.56?1MHz

Project aim is the development of a common source class B, cwrf amplifier by using MOSFET. The work includes literature survey, concept, simulation, design, fabrication and testing of the power amplifier. This single stage amplifier of more than 100W output and gain 13dB needs development in the frequency range of 13.56?1MHz. A temperature sensor at the heat sink mounting must be added along with necessary wiring to switch off the dc supply and thereby protecting the circuit in case of overheating. The ultimately developed amplifier needs testing for the frequency response, power gain and output wave shapes etc. by using a set of appropriate instruments

Effects of Exercise on Immune Responses to Vaccination in Chronically Stressed Mice

Introduction: Previous studies have shown that exercise has been related with strengthened vaccine-induced immune responses and chronic stress decreases immune function. This study aims to determine whether exercise can alleviate chronic stress-induced attenuation of vaccination responses in mice. Methods: C57BL/6 mice, aged 7 weeks old, were randomly assigned: control (CTRL, n=9), sedentary (SED, n=7), eccentric exercise (ECC, n=9), or voluntary wheel running (VWR, n=10) group. SED, ECC, and VWR mice received restraint stress for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week for 3 weeks. CTRL mice did not receive restraint stress. ECC mice exercised running downhill at -20% grade at 17m/min for 45 min. VWR mice voluntarily ran on a telemetered wheel. All groups received an OVA vaccination in two phases: first a sensitization phase with an intramuscular vaccination post 1-week of stress in the gastrocnemius muscle, a second intradermal vaccination in the ear post 3-weeks of stress. Swelling in the ear was measured to determine the proportional delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction as part of the cell-mediated immune response (recruitment of memory T cells and effector cells) to the vaccine. Blood from the retro-orbital vein was collected pre-vaccination, 1wk, 2wk and 4wk post-vaccination for antibody responses. Results: In this study, there was a trend in increased humoral immunity, in regards to IgM and IgG antibody titers in the exercised groups. This study did not show any significant differences in cell-mediated immunity (indicated with delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH)), with respect to the effect of exercise on chronic stress. Conclusion: Both acute eccentric exercise and voluntary wheel exercise training had a tendency to attenuate stress-induced reductions in antibody responses, but not cell-mediated responses. Further experiments are required to determine the precise significance of exercise’s effects, as well as the determination of the underlying mechanisms.Ope

Dopamine Transporter imaging with Tc-99m TRODAT-1 SPECT in Parkinson’s disease and its correlation with clinical disease severity

Objective(s): To evaluate the role of Tc-99m TRODAT-1 Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) by assessing the correlation of clinical disease severity, disease duration and age at onset of disease with specific uptake ratio of Tc-99m TRODAT-1 in striatum.Methods: The study included 63 patients in age range of 40-72 years with clinical diagnosis of PD and nine controls. Clinical history of patients was obtained regarding age at onset of disease and disease duration. Disease severity in each patient was assessed using H and Y stage and UPDRS. Tc-99m TRODAT-1 SPECT was performed and specific uptake ratios were calculated for six regions in bilateral striata, caudate nuclei and putamina. Difference in specific uptake ratios between different stages of disease was analyzed for statistical significance. Specific uptake ratios were correlated with UPDRS, motor score of UPDRS, duration of disease and age at onset of disease using Pearson’s correlation co-efficient.Results: Median specific uptake ratio was found to be least in contralateral putamen for all H and Y stages. There was a statistically significant difference between specific uptake ratios of controls vs stage 1, stage 1 vs 2, 1 vs 3, 1 vs 4, and 2 vs 4 for all 6 regions. The difference in uptake ratio between 3 and 4 H and Y stages was significant only for contralateralregions. There was no significant difference in uptake ratio between 2 and 3 H and Y stages. The uptake ratios showed a strong negative correlation with UPDRS and motor score, a weak negative correlation with duration of disease and no significant correlation with age at onset of disease.Conclusion: We conclude that Tc-99m TRODAT-1 SPECT can be used to assess the disease severity in PD patients

Čvrste disperzije silimarina: Karakterizacija i utjecaj načina priprave na oslobađanje

The influence of preparation methodology of silymarin solid dispersions using a hydrophilic polymer on the dissolution performance of silymarin was investigated. Silymarin solid dispersions were prepared using HPMC E 15LV by kneading, spray drying and co-precipitation methods and characterized by FTIR, DSC, XRPD and SEM. Dissolution profiles were compared by statistical and model independent methods. The FTIR and DSC studies revealed weak hydrogen bond formation between the drug and polymer, while XRPD and SEM confirmed the amorphous nature of the drug in co-precipitated solid dispersion. Enhanced dissolution compared to pure drug was found in the following order: co-precipitation > spray drying > kneading methodology (p sušenje sprejom > metoda gnječenja (p < 0.05). Iz svih pripravaka oslobađanje je bilo sporije, bez obzira na metodu priprave. Pripravci dobiveni metodom koprecipitacije bili su stabilni, a oslobađanje silimarina iz njih bilo je 2,5 bolje u odnosu na čisti lijek

The Making of a Queen: TOR Pathway Is a Key Player in Diphenic Caste Development

Honey bees (Apis mellifera) provide a principal example of diphenic development. Excess feeding of female larvae results in queens (large reproductives). Moderate diet yields workers (small helpers). The signaling pathway that links provisioning to female developmental fate is not understood, yet we reasoned that it could include TOR (target of rapamycin), a nutrient- and energy-sensing kinase that controls organismal growth.Here, the role of Apis mellifera TOR (amTOR) in caste determination is examined by rapamycin/FK506 pharmacology and RNA interference (RNAi) gene knockdown. We show that in queen-destined larvae, the TOR inhibitor rapamycin induces the development of worker characters that are blocked by the antagonist FK506. Further, queen fate is associated with elevated activity of the Apis mellifera TOR encoding gene, amTOR, and amTOR gene knockdown blocks queen fate and results in individuals with worker morphology.A much-studied insect dimorphism, thereby, can be governed by the TOR pathway. Our results present the first evidence for a role of TOR in diphenic development, and suggest that adoption of this ancestral nutrient-sensing cascade is one evolutionary pathway for morphological caste differentiation in social insects

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Background Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy

A Meta-Analysis of Workaholism

This meta-analysis examines the relationship between workaholism and numerous work behaviors and outcomes in an attempt to derive a consensus regarding the current state of our understanding of this construct and clarify the impact that the compulsion to work may have on an individual's life. Overall based on data from 44 studies results suggest that there is a considerable amount of variability between workaholism and work-related outcomes. Specifically the two most established and reputable measures of workaholism the Work Addiction Risk Test (WART) and the Workaholism Battery (WorkBat) appear to focus on uniquely different aspects of workaholism and were subsequently found to be differentially related to various work criteria. These findings suggest that a consistent definition and operationalization of workaholism is explicitly needed before further progress can be made.

A Meta-Analysis of Workaholism

This meta-analysis examines the relationship between workaholism and numerous work behaviors and outcomes in an attempt to a) derive a consensus regarding the current state of our understanding of this construct, and b) clarify the impact that the compulsion to work may have on an individual\u27s life. Overall, based on data from 44 studies, results indicate that there is a considerable amount of variability between workaholism and work-related outcomes. Specifically, the two most established and reputable measures of workaholism, the Work Addiction Risk Test (WART) and the Workaholism Battery (WorkBat), appear to focus on uniquely different aspects of workaholism and were subsequently found to be differentially related to various work criteria. These findings suggest that a consistent definition and operationalization of workaholism is explicitly needed before further progress can be made

A Meta-Analysis of Workaholism

This meta-analysis examines the relationship between workaholism and numerous work behaviors and outcomes in an attempt to a) derive a consensus regarding the current state of our understanding of this construct, and b) clarify the impact that the compulsion to work may have on an individual\u27s life. Overall, based on data from 44 studies, results indicate that there is a considerable amount of variability between workaholism and work-related outcomes. Specifically, the two most established and reputable measures of workaholism, the Work Addiction Risk Test (WART) and the Workaholism Battery (WorkBat), appear to focus on uniquely different aspects of workaholism and were subsequently found to be differentially related to various work criteria. These findings suggest that a consistent definition and operationalization of workaholism is explicitly needed before further progress can be made