Synthesis, computational study, solvatochromism and biological studies of thiazole-owing hydrazone derivatives

In the present work, we have synthesized thiazole-hydrazone conjugates 5(a–h) and characterized them using various analytical techniques such as UV, IR, NMR, and mass spectrometry. Solvatochromic properties were evaluated in ten solvents with different polarity and quantum chemical parameters using a DFT study. The antibacterial activity results revealed that compounds 5c, 5d and 5g exhibited good efficacy and that the remaining compounds displayed significant activity. The synthesized compounds were screened for their cytotoxic activity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines, and all the synthesized compounds exhibited significant potency towards the screened cancer cell lines. The anti-inflammatory efficacy of the synthesized thiazole derivatives was determined against MMP-2 and MMP-9, and some of the compounds showed significant activity. Furthermore, the in silico molecular docking was performed with the COX-2 receptor

Profile of serious adverse drug events in a tertiary care hospital of South India - a five years experience

Background: Adverse drug event (ADE) is said to be serious, when it is life-threatening, leads to hospitalization, disability, congenital anomaly, death or requires intervention to prevent permanent impairment or damage. The present study aimed to determine the pattern, causality, preventability of serious ADEs.Methods: This retrospective study was carried out to profile serious ADEs reported from Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute to Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) Monitoring Centre, under Pharmacovigilance Programme of India from 2012 to 2016. Patient demographics, clinical and drug data, details of the ADE, onset time, causal drug details, outcome and severity were collected as per CDSCO form. Causality was assessed by WHO-ADR probability scale, preventability by modified Schumock and Thornton scale.Results: A total of 809 ADEs were reported, of which 50 (6.18%) were serious in nature. Male preponderance (74%) was observed, with 42% among patients aged 20-40 years. 56% of serious ADEs were reported from department of Dermatology. Steven Johnson Syndrome (SJS) (20%) contributed for most of the ADEs. Antiepileptics caused maximum number of serious ADEs (32%). 76% of the ADEs were found to be ‘probable’ and 4% were definitely preventable. 56% of them was life threatening and 86% required intensive interventions. 16% patients experienced serious ADEs during hospital stay.Conclusions: Serious ADEs constituted 6.18% of all ADEs reported. SJS was commonly seen with antimicrobials and hepatotoxicity with ATT. Antiepileptics and ATT contributed for majority of them. This study highlights the importance of monitoring and timely management of serious ADEs to commonly prescribed medications

Numerical analysis of strain rate sensitivity in ball indentation on cohesive powder Beds

In the shear deformation of powder beds beyond the quasi-static regime the shear stress is dependent on the strain rate. Extensive work has been reported on the rapid chute flow of large granules but the intermediate regime has not been widely addressed particularly in the case of cohesive powders. However in industrial powder processes the powder flow is often in the intermediate regime. In the present work an attempt is made to investigate the sensitivity of the stresses in an assembly of cohesive spherical particles to the strain rate in ball indentation using the Distinct Element Method. This technique has recently been proposed as a quick and easy way to assess the flowability of cohesive powders. It is shown that the hardness, deviatoric and hydrostatic stresses within a bed, subjected to ball indentation on its free surface, are dependent on the indentation strain rate. These stresses are almost constant up to a dimensionless strain rate of unity, consistent with trends from traditional methods of shear cell testing, though fluctuations begin to increase from a dimensionless strain rate of 0.5. For dimensionless strain rates greater than unity, these stresses increase, with the increase in hardness being the most substantial. These trends correlate well with those established in the literature for the Couette device. However the quantitative value of the strain rate boundary of the regimes differs, due to differences in the geometry of shear deformation bands. Nevertheless, this shows the capability of the indentation technique in capturing the dynamics of cohesive powder flow

A novel PCFT gene mutation (p.Cys66LeufsX99) causing hereditary folate malabsorption

Hereditary folate malabsorption (HFM) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder which is characterized by impaired intestinal folate malabsorption and impaired folate transport into the central nervous system. Mutations in the intestinal folate transporter PCFT have been reported previously in only 10 individuals with this disorder. The purpose of the current study was to describe the clinical phenotype and determine the molecular basis for this disorder in a family with four affected individuals. A consanguineous family of Pakistani origin with autosomal recessive HFM was ascertained and clinically phenotyped. After genetic linkage studies all coding exons of the PCFT gene were screened for mutations by direct sequencing. The clinical phenotype of four affected patients is described. Direct sequencing of PCFT revealed a novel homozygous frameshift mutation (c.194dupG) at a mononucleotide repeat in exon 1 predicted to result in a truncated protein (p.Cys66LeufsX99). This report extends current knowledge on the phenotypic manifestations of HFM and the PCFT mutation spectrum

Comparative study of titanium elastic nailing v/s dynamic compression plating for the management of fracture shaft of femur in adolescent age group

Background: Femoral fractures are one of the common long bones fractured in paediatric age group. Over the past 20 years, there has been a dramatic and sustained trend toward the operative stabilization of femoral shaft fractures in school-aged children. Femoral fracture demands stable fixation in adolescent.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital. All children’s between the age 11 to 18 years with femur fracture managed with either TENS or dynamic compression plating between march 2014 to march 2017 were included into the study.Results: most common mode of injury was RTA. Middle third being the most common site for fracture. There was100% union in our study. The mean time of union in TENS group was 12 weeks and that of Plating group Was 13.1 weeks. Irritation at entry site was seen in 11 (22.9%) out of 48 patients. Malunion was seen in 9 out of 48 children’s in group a, whereas malunion in group b seen in 1 child. All the malunion was less than 5 degree and Varus being most common type of malunion. Limb length discrepancy in group A was observed in 5 patents (10.5%) out which 3 were shortening and 2 were lengthening. In group b 1pateint had shortening at end of follow up. In group B superficial infection was seen in 4 (15%) out of 33 children’s and in group A it was observed in 2 children’s (5%).Conclusions: we concluded that compression plating in adolescent age group especially older and obese children for the management fracture shaft of femur comparatively better than TENS.

An Ayurvedic insight to Keratoconus - A Case Report

Achievement of scientific integrity and credibility of the concepts can only be with well designed and conducted research studies. Keratoconus is a non inflammatory bilateral ectatic condition of cornea in its axial part presenting with defective vision due to progressive myopia and irregular astigmatism. It is diagnosed by clinical examination and corneal topographic techniques. In contemporary medicine, it is treated with collagen cross linking which may slow down the disease progress, effectiveness of treatment is still questionable. Here comes the need of Ayurveda to explore with better treatments. Based on symptoms in Ayurveda it can be correlated to Prathama Patalagata Timira, being Vatika predominance. This study describes a 20 Year old female patient diagnosed as Keratoconus and underwent Ayurvedic treatment protocol according to the line of management of Prathama Patalagata Timira which is Vatahara in nature such as Mahatriphala Ghrita internally, Nasya with Anu Taila,Tarpana with Mahatriphala Ghrita , Putapaka, Shigru Navaneeta Pindi for 3 sittings. Results were observed and noted during treatment and follow up period

Scheduling Cached-Content in Wireless Networks With Elastic and Inelastic Traffic

With the exponential growth of wireless content access, the need for content placement and scheduling at wireless base stations increased rapidly. We study a system under which users are divided into clusters based on their channel conditions, and their requests are represented by different queues at logical front ends. Requests might be elastic (implying no hard delay constraint) or inelastic (requiring that a delay target be met). Correspondingly, we have request queues that indicate the number of elastic requests, and deficit queues that indicate the deficit in inelastic service. Caches are of finite size and can be refreshed periodically from a media vault. We consider two cost models that correspond to inelastic requests for streaming stored content and real-time streaming of events, respectively. We design provably optimal policies that stabilize the request queues (hence ensuring finite delays) and reduce average deficit to zero [hence ensuring that the quality-of-service (QoS) target is met] at small cost. We illustrate our approach through simulations

Analysis of the dynamics of the FT4 powder rheometer

Traditional powder flow measurement devices, such as shear cells, operate in the quasi-static regime of shear strain rate. The FT4 powder rheometer of Freeman Technology, developed over the last two decades, has provided a clearer differentiation of powder flowability in some instances. This has been attributed to the instrument operating in the dynamic regime of shear strain rates, a feature that has yet to be established. We report an analysis of the dynamic behaviour of a bed of glass beads made cohesive by silanisation and subjected to standard FT4 testing procedure, where a rotating blade is driven into a cylindrical bed, using a combination of experimental measurements and numerical simulations by the Distinct Element Method. The DEM analysis underestimates the flow energy measured experimentally, although the agreement is improved when sliding friction is increased. The shear stress of the powder in front of the blade is shown to be roughly constant along the radial direction and increasing as the impeller penetrates the bed, suggesting a characteristic shear stress can be determined for a powder under a given test conditions in the FT4. For ease of simulations large beads were used (1.7 – 2.1 mm). Future work will investigate the influence of particle properties and operational conditions on the prevailing stresses and strain rates

Fast Characterization of Magnetic Impurities in Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes

We have demonstrated that the magnetic susceptibility measurement is a non-destructive, fast and accurate method to determine the residual metal catalysts in a few microgram single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) sample. We have studied magnetic impurities in raw and purified SWCNT by magnetic susceptibility measurements, transmission electron microscopy, and thermogravimetry. The data suggest that the saturation magnetic moment and the effective field, which is caused by the interparticle interactions, decreases and increases respectively with the decrease of the particle size. Methods are suggested to overcome the uncertainty associated