A comparison between Recurrent Neural Networks and classical machine learning approaches In Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

Recurrent Neural Networks are classes of Artificial Neural Networks that establish connections between different nodes form a directed or undirected graph for temporal dynamical analysis. In this research, the laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique is used for quantitative analysis of aluminum alloys by different Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) architecture. The fundamental harmonic (1064 nm) of a nanosecond Nd:YAG laser pulse is employed to generate the LIBS plasma for the prediction of constituent concentrations of the aluminum standard samples. Here, Recurrent Neural Networks based on different networks, such as Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Simple Recurrent Neural Network (Simple RNN), and as well as Recurrent Convolutional Networks comprising of Conv-SimpleRNN, Conv-LSTM and Conv-GRU are utilized for concentration prediction. Then a comparison is performed among prediction by classical machine learning methods of support vector regressor (SVR), the Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP), Decision Tree algorithm, Gradient Boosting Regression (GBR), Random Forest Regression (RFR), Linear Regression, and k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm. Results showed that the machine learning tools based on Convolutional Recurrent Networks had the best efficiencies in prediction of the most of the elements among other multivariate methods

The History of Nursing Research Methodology in Iran: A Mixed Methods Study

Introduction: Nursing research has dramatic effects on nursing practice. Studying the history of nursing research can provide valuable information about past challenges and future prospects. This study aimed to explore the history of nursing research methodology in Iran.Methods: This was a mixed methods study. In the quantitative part, articles published by nurses in the last four decades were reviewed using a checklist. In the qualitative part, several Iranian nursing doyens and experts were recruited through purposeful and snowball sampling and interviewed through semi-structured interviews. The main focus of the interviews was on the history of nursing research methodology in Iran. Qualitative data were analyzed through conventional content analysis. Finally, the findings of the two parts were merged.Results: The number of nursing articles and journals increased from 39 and one in the 1980s to respectively 461 and thirty in the 2010s. Articles published in the 1980s and the 1990s were mainly related to descriptive researches (91.9% and 88.4%, respectively), while articles in the 2000s were mainly related to quasi-experimental researches (42.8%) and articles in the 2000s were mainly related to quasi-experimental and experimental researches. Qualitative researches become common in the 2010s. The results of the qualitative part were presented based on three era.Conclusions: Nursing research in Iran has had significant improvements in the last three era. Yet, nurses need to make more serious attempts to provide conclusive evidence for nursing practice, improve the Iranians’ health status, and promote the position of nursing in Iran and the position of Iranian nursing in the world

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders and their associated factors in nurses: A cross-sectional study in iran

Background Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in nursing are regarded as an important factor for creating tension since they may often cause discontent, leave profession, and provide incorrect services to their clients. The present study aimed to determine WMSDs and their related factors among the nursing staff in university hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS). Methods In the present descriptive cross-sectional study, 300 nurses in SUMS were selected based on systematic random sampling. To this aim, demographic information, and Nordic musculoskeletal disorder questionnaires were used for data collection. The data were analysed by descriptive and analytical tests (mean, standard deviation, independent t-test, and ANOVA) by SPSS/21 software. Results Based on the findings of WMSDs, low back disorders (88.33%) were more prevalent. In addition, a significant relationship was observed between WMSDs in different areas of the body with age, sex, and work experience and hours (P < 0.05). Conclusion Regarding the high prevalence of WMSDs among nurses, it is recommended to adopt interventional program for preventing WMSDs by reducing working hours and physical pressure control. Keywords: nurse, work-related musculoskeletal disorders, health care worker

Comparing Quality of Life of Elderly Menopause Living in Urban and Rural Areas.

OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to compare the quality of life of elderly menopause living in urban/rural areas of Abadeh, Iran. METHODS: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted on 312 urban and 68 rural elderly population using the two-stage (systematic random classification) and objective-based sampling methods. Data were collected by Leiden-Padua questionnaire for assessment of quality of life in elderly menopause. SPSS software (version 21) and descriptive-analytical tests were used for data analysis. RESULTS: The results showed that the overall quality of life was 37.5 and 34.2 in rural and urban areas, respectively, and no statistically significant difference was observed between them. However, there was statistically significant difference in the mean score of depression and anxiety, cognitive function, social function, life satisfaction, and sexual activity in urban and rural elderly menopause (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: It seems necessary to pay more attention to the elderly menopause to improve their quality of life and consider proper planning for their empowerment and coping skills training. KEYWORDS: Elderly; Menopause; Quality of life; Rural population; Urban populatio

Assessment the relation between lifestyle with mental health and educational achievement in nursing students

Objective: This study was aimed to assess the correlation between lifestyle with mental health and educational achievement of nursing students. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive-correlational study that all students in nursing college in 2015 were selected by the census sampling method. Data gathering tool were standard Walker's lifestyle questionnaire and General Health Questionnaire-28 and data were analyzed by SPSS/21. Results: The results reported that most subjects (61.01%) displayed moderate levels of lifestyle. In considering domains mental health 37.28%, were depression and 34.74% anxiety. Based on the Pearson correlation coefficient test, there was a diverse correlation between lifestyle (p=0.004, r=-0.34) and educational achievement (p=0.001, r=-0.24) with mental health but there was a direct linear correlation between lifestyle and educational achievement. Conclusion: Regarding the role of lifestyle and mental health and to ensure the efficiency and dynamism of the people in the education and prevention of academic failure recommended that be scheduled by improve methods of lifestyle to promote educational status and activate counseling centers and guidance on psychological issues the mental health. Keywords Author Keywords:lifestyle; mental health; educational achievement; students KeyWords Plus:QUALITY-OF-LIFE; ACADEMIC-PERFORMANCE; CANCE

Comprehensive sensitivity analysis on static and dynamic reservoir parameters impacting near wellbore injectivity during CO2 sequestration

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is proved to be effective measure for reducing CO2 emissions. whilst the world still highly depends on the use of fossil fuel energy, this method is necessary for reaching the world’s 1.5 °C goal. In CCS, CO2 is hindered from entering the atmosphere by capturing it from sources of emission and storing it in geological formation. Saline aquifers among all possible underground formations are most common targeted ones for CO2 storage due to their frequent presence, and large storage capacity. However, this storage option suffers from sufficient well injectivity to inject large volumes of CO2 at acceptable rates through a minimum number of wells. The injectivity impairment / reinforcement happens through mineral dissolution, fine particle movement, salt precipitation and hydrate formation (known so far). Each of these mechanisms will be more dominant in injectivity alteration at different distance from the injection point depending on reservoir pressure and temperature, formation water salinity, rock mineralogy, and flow rate of CO2 injection as well as its dryness. Incorporating all the finding into radial flow near wellbore will help gaining insight into the resultant of injectivity changes over time and distant from injection point. In this study we have chosen Eclipse 300 together with an open-source code to investigate the impact of formation characteristics, CO2 -Brine-Rock interaction, pressure, temperature as well as injection rate on injectivity alteration. The goal for this work is to provide a workflow which can help predicting injectivity alteration using the existing tools. Simulation results show that the high homogenous horizontal permeability in combination with vertical flow baffles in the formation (among all other parameters) has positive impact on storage capacity by increasing residual trapping. However, permeability is affected severely by salt precipitation during CO2 injection. Combined static and dynamic parameter study demonstrate that the injection rate plays a crucial role in size and expansion of CO2 plume as well as growth rate of dry out zone length, amount of salt precipitation and length of equilibrium region. The higher the injection rate, the quicker activation of the capillary and gravity force which leads to drag more brine to near well-bore resulting in higher volume fraction of salt precipitation. However, low injection rate could result in smaller CO2 plume, shorter dry out zone and longer equilibrium region in term of distance from injection point

Phycocyanin C a Natural Product with Impressive Therapeutic Efficacy for Inhibition of Breast Tumors’ Growth and Metastasis in Vivo

Background: Several studies have reported the anticancer effect of phycocyanin C, a natural extract isolated from the algae Arthrospira platensis. However, its therapeutic effects on the growth of breast cancer and its metastasis have not been determined yet. Method: In this case-control study, we employed phycocyanin C for the treatment of 4T1 breast tumor as an applicable experimental animal model for human mammary cancer and metastasis. BALB/c mice were injected subcutaneously (s.c) into the 4th abdominal mammary fat pad with 1×106 4T1 cells. We randomly divided the mice into two groups; one group of mice were injected with PBS as the control, and the other group was intraperitoneally injected with phycocyanin C (80 mg/kg daily for 20 days). Tumor growth and metastasis were assessed in both groups. Results: Phycocyanin C significantly inhibited 4T1 breast tumors growth (P<0.05). The mean tumors volumes at the control group were 2.73 times higher than those of the treatment group. In addition, phycocyanin C treatment could significantly inhibit the formation of metastasis colonies at vital organs like spleen, liver, and lung. Moreover, the survival rate of the tumor-bearing mice increased after about 22 days by phycocyanin C treatment in comparison with the control. Conclusion: This is the first report demonstrating the anticancer effects of phycocyanin C on 4T1 breast tumor in vivo. Overall, our findings provided convincing evidence for the application of phycocyanin C as an anticancer therapeutic agent

Effect of Laughter Therapy on Depression and Quality of Life of the Elderly Living in Nursing Homes

Background: Mental disorders are common among the elderly with serious symptoms of depression and social isolation. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of laughter therapy (LT) on depression and quality of life (QOL) of the elderly living in Abadeh nursing homes. Methods: This is a controlled semi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test design. Ninety eligible ones of the elderly living in the Abadeh nursing homes and from July to September 2017, entered the study. Some of the criteria for entering the study include being over 60 years old, orientation, not having blindness and deafness, lack of physical and mental problems. After determining the intervention and control groups, the scale of depression and QOL was administered to the subjects and their scores were collected in the pre-test. Results: Most of the study samples were in the intervention (35.55%) and control (37.77%) group in the age range of 60–69 years. In both intervention and control groups, respectively, 31.11% and 68.88% elderly were males and females. The mean scores of depression in the intervention group after LT (M = 2.57) were lower than those before the intervention (M = 6.87) [CI = −5.58–(–3.02)] and also the results of independent t-test showed a statistically significant difference before and after the intervention between the two groups (P < 0.001). The mean score of dimensions of QOL after LT was higher than that before in the intervention and there was a statistically significant difference in all dimensions with paired t-test (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Since the implementation of this programme could improve the mental status and QOL of the elderly, this method of therapy can be used as an alternative or complementary model to enhance the health of the elderl

Effect of breast cancer prevention program on the awareness and performance of female high school students

Background. Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer in women and the most common cancer among women in Iran. The lack of awareness and of an early-detection program in this developing country is the main reason for the escalating morbidity and mortality. Objectives. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a BC prevention program on the awareness and behavior of female high school students in Abadeh, Iran. Material and methods. This study was a quasi-experimental study. The sample consisted of 220 female students who were selected by the multi-stage sampling method and divided into two groups: intervention and control. The required data were collected by a researcher-designed questionnaire and then analyzed by SPSS 17 software using descriptive analytical tests . Results. There was no significant difference in awareness and behavior scores between the two groups before the intervention (p > 0.05), but after the intervention the mean scores of those variables in the test group had increased significantly (p < 0.05). A Spearman correlation test showed that the correlation between the variables (awareness and behavior) was significant and direct (p < 0.001, r = 0340). Conclusions. Given the effect of educational programs on the awareness and behavior of students, the results of this study can be effective in attracting the attention of health officials and making them aware of the importance of providing training programs on BC through educational programs in schools. Keywords Author Keywords:breast neoplasms; awareness; students; risk factor