Some properties of resin treated viscose rayon

A study has been made of some physical and chemical properties of viscose rayon, and the modifications in these properties resulting from the addition of a resin. Methods of stripping a resin from a fabric have been studied and it has been shown that chemical degradation may result, hut the use of 0.1N hydrochloric acid at 6

Intermittency in Two-Dimensional Turbulence with Drag

We consider the enstrophy cascade in forced two-dimensional turbulence with a linear drag force. In the presence of linear drag, the energy wavenumber spectrum drops with a power law faster than in the case without drag, and the vorticity field becomes intermittent, as shown by the anomalous scaling of the vorticity structure functions. Using a previous theory, we compare numerical simulation results with predictions for the power law exponent of the energy wavenumber spectrum and the scaling exponents of the vorticity structure functions $\zeta_{2q}$ obtained in terms of the distribution of finite time Lyapunov exponents. We also study, both by numerical experiment and theoretical analysis, the multifractal structure of the viscous enstrophy dissipation in terms of its R\'{e}nyi dimension spectrum $D_q$ and singularity spectrum $f(\alpha)$. We derive a relation between $D_q$ and $\zeta_{2q}$, and discuss its relevance to a version of the refined similarity hypothesis. In addition, we obtain and compare theoretically and numerically derived results for the dependence on separation $r$ of the probability distribution of \delta_{\V{r}}\omega, the difference between the vorticity at two points separated by a distance $r$. Our numerical simulations are done on a $4096 \times 4096$ grid.Comment: 18 pages, 17 figure

Three-dimensional modulation instability of dust-ion-acoustic waves and rogue waves in warm nonthermal magnetized plasmas

A theoretical investigation has been made to study the modulation stability/instability of three-dimensional dust-ion-acoustic wave packets in the warm magnetized complex plasma system in the presence of nonthermal distributed electrons and positrons species. The set of equations describing our plasma system has been reduced to a (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation by using the reductive perturbation method that is valid for finite but small amplitude limits. It is observed that both nonlinear and dispersive coefficients of (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation are significantly modified by the external magnetic field and transverse velocity perturbation. The regions of stable and unstable for the modulated dust-ion-acoustic waves have been examined numerically. Moreover, the dependence of modulation instability and rogue waves on the relevant plasma parameters is discussed. The implications of our theoretical results in space and laboratories magnetized dusty plasma medium is briefly discussed.Comment: 7 pages, 9 figures, original articl

Utilizing Computational Complexity to Protect Cryptocurrency against Quantum Threats: A Review

Digital currency is primarily designed on problems that are computationally hard to solve using traditional computing techniques. However, these problems are now vulnerable due to the computational power of quantum computing. For the postquantum computing era, there is an immense need to reinvent the existing digital security measures. Problems that are computationally hard for any quantum computation will be a possible solution to that. This research summarizes the current security measures and how the new way of solving hard problems will trigger the future protection of the existing digital currency from the future quantum threat

Dynamic and Static Gesture Recognition System Using Moments

Gesture recognition is the novel idea to enhance the signs recognition of those who have speech and hearing disability .Our project discusses an improved method for gesture recognition .The algorithm extracts the gestures from the video given to it and it detects the hand using HSV skin color segmentation in the intent to eliminate the other parts of the body and detect only hands .It distinguishes between static and dynamic gestures and extracts the appropriate feature vector .We used SPHINX parser to form word from set of letters. We strive to enhance the reliability and efficiency by using faster static gesture recognition algorithm

Municipal wastewater can result in a dramatic decline in freshwater fishes: a lesson from a developing country

Impacts of ineffective wastewater management on the biodiversity of receiving waters in developing countries are poorly documented. Using a before-after-control-impact methodology, we measured the effects of untreated wastewater release on the fish community in the Barnoi River, Bangladesh. In 2006, prior to untreated wastewater discharge, fish abundance, species richness and water quality were similar across sampling sites. In 2016, after 8 years of wastewater release to the downstream reach, fish abundance and species richness were reduced by >47% and >35% respectively at downstream sites compared to unaffected upstream sites and >51% and >41% lower respectively compared to the pre-wastewater discharge period. The wastewater impact was particularly severe during months of low discharge (October–December). Water transparency, dissolved oxygen and pH were lower (P < 0.001) at impacted downstream sites compared to upstream sites. Nineteen species (41.3% of all species we recorded) are threatened in Bangladesh and the abundance of these species, except one, decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the impacted sites. We recommend improved wastewater management by applying primary treatment facilities and incorporating reedbed filtration as a mean of biological treatment, into the canals carrying wastewaters. The success of such measures should be tested with fish species that were most responsive to wastewater, using the indicator species concept

Urinary and Dietary Analysis of 18,470 Bangladeshis Reveal a Correlation of Rice Consumption with Arsenic Exposure and Toxicity

Background: We utilized data from the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS) in Araihazar, Bangladesh, to evaluate the association of steamed rice consumption with urinary total arsenic concentration and arsenical skin lesions in the overall study cohort (N=18,470) and in a subset with available urinary arsenic metabolite data (N=4,517). Methods: General linear models with standardized beta coefficients were used to estimate associations between steamed rice consumption and urinary total arsenic concentration and urinary arsenic metabolites. Logistic regression models were used to estimate prevalence odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between rice intake and prevalent skin lesions at baseline. Discrete time hazard models were used to estimate discrete time (HRs) ratios and their 95% CIs for the associations between rice intake and incident skin lesions. Results: Steamed rice consumption was positively associated with creatinine-adjusted urinary total arsenic (β=0.041, 95% CI: 0.032-0.051) and urinary total arsenic with statistical adjustment for creatinine in the model (β=0.043, 95% CI: 0.032-0.053). Additionally, we observed a significant trend in skin lesion prevalence (P-trend=0.007) and a moderate trend in skin lesion incidence (P-trend=0.07) associated with increased intake of steamed rice. Conclusions: This study suggests that rice intake may be a source of arsenic exposure beyond drinking water

Process involved in designing of an intelligent additional track mechanism tracked vehicle for swamp peat terrain

Different types of off road vehicles are widely used in agriculture, oil industry, mining and military operations but none of them can effectively operate over the swamp peat terrain because of its low bearing capacity of 7kN/m 2. Segmented rubber tracked vehicle and intelligent air-cushion system tracked vehicle were developed in Malaysia for swamp peat terrain.16kN/m2 of ground pressure was exerted by using the segmented rubber tracked vehicle during field operation therefore could not be operated efficiently. The air-cushion tracked vehicle increased the floatation capacity but at the same time increased the frictional effects therefore the tracks of the vehicle easily slipped out from the traction wheels during operation. Addressing these issues an intelligent additional track mechanism for tracked vehicle has been designed to improve the mobility over swamp peat terrain where the additional track would be increased the ground surface area and reduced the vehicle ground pressure. This paper presents the process involved in designing the intelligent additional track mechanism tracked vehicle for transportation of agricultural and industrial goods on the swamp peat terrain with bearing capacity of 7kN/m2. The mechanical design comprises of track vehicle frame with track mechanism. Additional track mechanism with Fuzzy expert system. The design parameters are optimized using developed mathematical model based on the dynamics and kinematics behavior of the vehicle. In order to increase the vehicle contact surface area and reduce the surface contact pressure the additional track mechanism is designed in such way that it can be folded and unfolded from its position by using the ball-screw scissor lift mechanism. While, Fuzzy expert system is used to control the movement of the lift mechanism based on 70mm critical sinkage of vehicle detected from a set of sensors. The completed to vehicle system would be used for off-road applications as required

Prevalence of Bacterial Lower Respiratory Tract Infections at a Tertiary Hospital in Jordan

Background: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that LRTI are the most common global cause of death from infectious diseases. &nbsp;However, the specific etiologic agent associated with LRTI is often unknown. Aims: We determined the bacterial infections and seasonal patterns associated with LRTI among hospitalized cases at Jordan University Hospital (JUH) for a period of five years. Methods: We conducted a multi-year study among hospitalized patients in Jordan on LRTI-associated bacterial etiology. Results: We found bacterial infections among 105 (21.1%) out of 495 LRTI patients. The most frequently identified bacteria in the LRTI patients were Staphylococcus aureus (7.7%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.1%). Most of the LRTI patients (95.2%) had at least one chronic disease and many were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (16.8%). Of the 18 (3.64%) patients with LRTI who died at the hospital, 2 had a bacterial infection. We noticed a seasonal pattern of bacterial infections, with the highest prevalence during the winter months. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that early identification of bacterial agents and control of chronic disease may improve clinical management and reduce morbidity and mortality from LRTI

Comparative Effects of Different Feeds on Production and Reproduction of Crossbred Heifers in Gangachara Upazila, Rangpur, Bangladesh

The present study was conducted from January to June 2014, in Gangachara Upazila of Rangpur District, Bangladesh. A sample of 60 cross-bred dairy cows: Local × Holstein Friesian (L×HF) = 30 and Local × Sahiwal (L×Sh) = 30 were selected for in depth study. The average age at first heat, services per conception, age at first calving, post-partum heat period, the average milk production, the average lactation period were observed after feeding three types of feed: type-I (Sweet jamboo grass), type-II (Jomjom Dairy feed) and type-III (Advance Chemical Industry) feeding system. Local × Holstein Friesian (L×HF) cross and Local × Sahiwal (L×Sh) cross cows showed significantly (