Addition of dianions of carboxylic acids to imines. Influence of the acid in the outcome of the reaction

The addition of different carboxylic acids dianions to N-benzylidenebenzeneamine have been studied. The outcome of the reaction depends on the acid. Saturated ones lead to β-aminoacids with good yields and syn-selectivity whereas α,β-unsaturated ones lead to α− and γ− regioisomers with a regioselectivity that depends on the steric hindrance around the reactive centre. From some of these unsaturated acids, polyunsaturated carboxylic acids can be obtained as a change in the reaction conditions lead to the in situ elimination of aniline. From o-methyl aromatic acids δ-aminoacids are isolated with uneven results. Those derived from six member arene carboxylic acids give, on standing, dihydro-2-pyridones as the sole product.Gil Grau, Salvador, [email protected], Parra Alvarez, Margarita, [email protected], Rodriguez Abad, Pablo, [email protected]

New approach to condensed pyrid-2-ones

We wish to report a simple procedure for the preparation of 5-substituted-thienopyridin-7-ones and 7-substituted-1,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-ones, in good yields, from the dianions of 3-methylthiophene-2-carboxylic and 2-methylnicotinic acids on treatment with nitriles.Brun Sanchez, Eva Maria, [email protected] ; Gil Grau, Salvador, [email protected] ; Parra Alvarez, Margarita, [email protected]

Atividade leishmanicida do extrato de Echinaster (Othilia) echinophorus

In this study, a methanolic extract from Echinaster (Othilia) echinophorus was evaluated for activity against Leishmania amazonensis. The extract showed activity against the promastigote and amastigote forms with IC50 values of 62.9 and 37.5 μg.mL-1 respectively. This extract showed a moderate toxicity on macrophages from BALB/c mice. A dose of 100 mg/kg/day was effective when administered during 15 days by intraperitoneal route to BALB/c mice infected experimentally.Neste estudo descreve-se o efeito de um extrato metanólico de Echinaster echinophorus spp. no parasita Leishmania amazonensis. Em testes com as formas promastigotas e amastigotas, o IC50 do extrato foi 62,9 e 37,5 μg.mL-1, respectivamente. O extrato também tem toxicidade moderada em macrófagos de camundongos BALB/c. O tratamento de camundongos BALB/c infectados com L. amazonensis com doses diárias de 100 mg/kg/dia via intraperitoneal durante 15 dias mostrou-se relativamente efetivo no controle da infecção. Esta investigação confirma a importância de produtos naturais como fonte para a descoberta de fármacos com funções anti-Leishmania

NO2-controlled cargo delivery from gated silica mesoporous nanoparticles

[EN] Cargo delivery from mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with sulforhodamine B and capped with a difluoroboron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) derivative was triggered by a NO2-induced oxidative process.The authors thank the financial support from the Spanish Government (project MAT2015-64139-C4-R) and the Generalitat Valenciana (project GVA/2014/13).Juarez, LA.; Costero, AM.; Parra Alvarez, M.; Gaviña, P.; Gil Grau, S.; Martínez-Máñez, R.; Sancenón Galarza, F. (2017). NO2-controlled cargo delivery from gated silica mesoporous nanoparticles. Chemical Communications. 53(3):585-588. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6cc08885fS585588533ARIGA, K., VINU, A., HILL, J., & MORI, T. (2007). Coordination chemistry and supramolecular chemistry in mesoporous nanospace. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 251(21-24), 2562-2591. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2007.02.024Katz, E., & Willner, I. (2004). Integrated Nanoparticle-Biomolecule Hybrid Systems: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications. 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Journal of the American Chemical Society, 114(27), 10834-10843. doi:10.1021/ja00053a020Wight, A. P., & Davis, M. E. (2002). Design and Preparation of Organic−Inorganic Hybrid Catalysts. Chemical Reviews, 102(10), 3589-3614. doi:10.1021/cr010334mKickelbick, G. (2004). Hybrid Inorganic–Organic Mesoporous Materials. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 43(24), 3102-3104. doi:10.1002/anie.200301751Stein, A. (2003). Advances in Microporous and Mesoporous Solids—Highlights of Recent Progress. Advanced Materials, 15(10), 763-775. doi:10.1002/adma.200300007Aznar, E., Oroval, M., Pascual, L., Murguía, J. R., Martínez-Máñez, R., & Sancenón, F. (2016). Gated Materials for On-Command Release of Guest Molecules. Chemical Reviews, 116(2), 561-718. doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00456Soler-Illia, G. J. A. A., & Azzaroni, O. (2011). Multifunctional hybrids by combining ordered mesoporous materials and macromolecular building blocks. Chemical Society Reviews, 40(2), 1107. doi:10.1039/c0cs00208aSaha, S., Leung, K. C.-F., Nguyen, T. D., Stoddart, J. F., & Zink, J. I. (2007). Nanovalves. Advanced Functional Materials, 17(5), 685-693. doi:10.1002/adfm.200600989Wang, F., Liu, X., & Willner, I. (2014). DNA Switches: From Principles to Applications. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 54(4), 1098-1129. doi:10.1002/anie.201404652Song, N., & Yang, Y.-W. (2015). Molecular and supramolecular switches on mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Chemical Society Reviews, 44(11), 3474-3504. doi:10.1039/c5cs00243eTrewyn, B. G., Giri, S., Slowing, I. I., & Lin, V. S.-Y. (2007). Mesoporous silica nanoparticle based controlled release, drug delivery, and biosensor systems. Chemical Communications, (31), 3236. doi:10.1039/b701744hSancenón, F., Pascual, L., Oroval, M., Aznar, E., & Martínez-Máñez, R. (2015). Gated Silica Mesoporous Materials in Sensing Applications. ChemistryOpen, 4(4), 418-437. doi:10.1002/open.201500053Casasús, R., Aznar, E., Marcos, M. D., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., Soto, J., & Amorós, P. (2006). New Methods for Anion Recognition and Signaling Using Nanoscopic Gatelike Scaffoldings. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 45(40), 6661-6664. doi:10.1002/anie.200602045Coll, C., Casasús, R., Aznar, E., Marcos, M. D., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., … Amorós, P. (2007). Nanoscopic hybrid systems with a polarity-controlled gate-like scaffolding for the colorimetric signalling of long-chain carboxylates. Chem. Commun., (19), 1957-1959. doi:10.1039/b617703dÖzalp, V. C., & Schäfer, T. (2011). Aptamer-Based Switchable Nanovalves for Stimuli-Responsive Drug Delivery. Chemistry - A European Journal, 17(36), 9893-9896. doi:10.1002/chem.201101403Climent, E., Marcos, M. D., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., Soto, J., Rurack, K., & Amorós, P. (2009). The Determination of Methylmercury in Real Samples Using Organically Capped Mesoporous Inorganic Materials Capable of Signal Amplification. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 48(45), 8519-8522. doi:10.1002/anie.200904243Wen, Y., Xu, L., Li, C., Du, H., Chen, L., Su, B., … Song, Y. (2012). DNA-based intelligent logic controlled release systems. Chemical Communications, 48(67), 8410. doi:10.1039/c2cc34501cZhang, Z., Balogh, D., Wang, F., & Willner, I. (2013). Smart Mesoporous SiO2 Nanoparticles for the DNAzyme-Induced Multiplexed Release of Substrates. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 135(5), 1934-1940. doi:10.1021/ja311385yZhou, Y., Tan, L.-L., Li, Q.-L., Qiu, X.-L., Qi, A.-D., Tao, Y., & Yang, Y.-W. (2014). Acetylcholine-Triggered Cargo Release from Supramolecular Nanovalves Based on Different Macrocyclic Receptors. Chemistry - A European Journal, 20(11), 2998-3004. doi:10.1002/chem.201304864Chen, M., Huang, C., He, C., Zhu, W., Xu, Y., & Lu, Y. (2012). A glucose-responsive controlled release system using glucose oxidase-gated mesoporous silica nanocontainers. Chemical Communications, 48(76), 9522. doi:10.1039/c2cc34290aCliment, E., Bernardos, A., Martínez-Máñez, R., Maquieira, A., Marcos, M. D., Pastor-Navarro, N., … Amorós, P. (2009). Controlled Delivery Systems Using Antibody-Capped Mesoporous Nanocontainers. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 131(39), 14075-14080. doi:10.1021/ja904456dYang, S., Li, N., Liu, Z., Sha, W., Chen, D., Xu, Q., & Lu, J. (2014). Amphiphilic copolymer coated upconversion nanoparticles for near-infrared light-triggered dual anticancer treatment. Nanoscale, 6(24), 14903-14910. doi:10.1039/c4nr05305bSchloßbauer, A., Sauer, A. M., Cauda, V., Schmidt, A., Engelke, H., Rothbauer, U., … Bein, T. (2012). Cascaded Photoinduced Drug Delivery to Cells from Multifunctional Core-Shell Mesoporous Silica. Advanced Healthcare Materials, 1(3), 316-320. doi:10.1002/adhm.201100033Mackowiak, S. A., Schmidt, A., Weiss, V., Argyo, C., von Schirnding, C., Bein, T., & Bräuchle, C. (2013). Targeted Drug Delivery in Cancer Cells with Red-Light Photoactivated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. Nano Letters, 13(6), 2576-2583. doi:10.1021/nl400681fSilveira, G. Q., Vargas, M. D., & Ronconi, C. M. (2011). Nanoreservoir operated by ferrocenyl linker oxidation with molecular oxygen. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 21(16), 6034. doi:10.1039/c0jm03738aColl, C., Bernardos, A., Martínez-Máñez, R., & Sancenón, F. (2012). Gated Silica Mesoporous Supports for Controlled Release and Signaling Applications. Accounts of Chemical Research, 46(2), 339-349. doi:10.1021/ar3001469El Sayed, S., Milani, M., Milanese, C., Licchelli, M., Martínez-Máñez, R., & Sancenón, F. (2016). Anions as Triggers in Controlled Release Protocols from Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Functionalized with Macrocyclic Copper(II) Complexes. 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(2016). 3-Formyl-BODIPY Phenylhydrazone as a Chromo-Fluorogenic Probe for Selective Detection of NO2(g). Chemistry - A European Journal, 22(25), 8448-8451. doi:10.1002/chem.20160092

A New Highly Selective Chromogenic and Fluorogenic Chemosensor for Copper (II)

[EN] A new fluorogenic and chromogenic probe (L) for the selective, sensitive and naked-eye detection of Cu2+ is reported. Complexation constant, complex stoichiometry and quantum chemical (DFT) calculation for Cu2+ complex has been determined. Also, detection limits and the selectivity in front of other divalent and trivalent cations have been evaluated.This research was supported by the Agencia Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (ANCyT) of Argentina-PICT 2014 No. 1587 and by the Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina.Quindt, MI.; Gutiérrez, LG.; Kneeteman, MN.; Mancini, P.; Parra Alvarez, M.; Gil Grau, S.; Costero, AM. (2018). A New Highly Selective Chromogenic and Fluorogenic Chemosensor for Copper (II). Letters in Organic Chemistry. 15(8):659-664. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570178615666180102155804S65966415

Chromogenic Chemodosimeter Based on Capped Silica Particles to Detect Spermine and Spermidine

[EN] A new hybrid organic-inorganic material for sensing spermine (Spm) and spermidine (Spd) has been prepared and characterized. The material is based on MCM-41 particles functionalized with an N-hydroxysuccinimide derivative and loaded with Rhodamine 6G. The cargo is kept inside the porous material due to the formation of a double layer of organic matter. The inner layer is covalently bound to the silica particles, while the external layer is formed through hydrogen and hydrophobic interactions. The limits of detection determined by fluorimetric titration are 27 mu M and 45 mu M for Spm and Spd, respectively. The sensor remains silent in the presence of other biologically important amines and is able to detect Spm and Spd in both aqueous solution and cells.This research was funded by Spanish Government (RTI2018-100910-B-C42 and RTI2018100910-B-C44 (MCUI/AEI/FEDER, UE) and grant GRISOLIAP/2019/023.Barros, M.; López-Carrasco, A.; Amorós, P.; Gil Grau, S.; Gaviña, P.; Parra Alvarez, M.; El Haskouri, J.... (2021). Chromogenic Chemodosimeter Based on Capped Silica Particles to Detect Spermine and Spermidine. Nanomaterials. 11(3):1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano1103081811211

4to. Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad. Memoria académica

Este volumen acoge la memoria académica de la Cuarta edición del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad, CITIS 2017, desarrollado entre el 29 de noviembre y el 1 de diciembre de 2017 y organizado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (UPS) en su sede de Guayaquil. El Congreso ofreció un espacio para la presentación, difusión e intercambio de importantes investigaciones nacionales e internacionales ante la comunidad universitaria que se dio cita en el encuentro. El uso de herramientas tecnológicas para la gestión de los trabajos de investigación como la plataforma Open Conference Systems y la web de presentación del Congreso http://citis.blog.ups.edu.ec/, hicieron de CITIS 2017 un verdadero referente entre los congresos que se desarrollaron en el país. La preocupación de nuestra Universidad, de presentar espacios que ayuden a generar nuevos y mejores cambios en la dimensión humana y social de nuestro entorno, hace que se persiga en cada edición del evento la presentación de trabajos con calidad creciente en cuanto a su producción científica. Quienes estuvimos al frente de la organización, dejamos plasmado en estas memorias académicas el intenso y prolífico trabajo de los días de realización del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad al alcance de todos y todas

Dynamin-2 Stabilizes the HIV-1 Fusion Pore with a Low Oligomeric State

One of the key research areas surrounding HIV-1 concerns the regulation of the fusion event that occurs between the virus particle and the host cell during entry. Even if it is universally accepted that the large GTPase dynamin-2 is important during HIV-1 entry its exact role during the first steps of HIV-1 infection is not well characterized. Here, we utilised a multidisciplinary approach to study the DNM2 role during fusion of HIV-1 in primary resting CD4 T and TZM-bl cells. We have combined advanced light microscopy and functional cell- based assays to experimentally assess the role of dynamin-2 during these processes. Overall our data suggests that dynamin 2, as a tetramer, might help to establish hemi-fusion and stabilizes the pore during HIV-1 fusion