55 research outputs found

    High prevalence of overweight and obesity in adults with Crohn's disease: associations with disease and lifestyle factors.

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    peer-reviewedObesity and overweight are major public health issues. Although traditionally associated with weight loss, there is now evidence that increasing Body Mass Index (BMI) and overweight are emerging features of Crohn's disease (CD) and may be associated with more severe disease course. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in patients with CD compared with matched healthy controls and to identify disease-specific and generic factors associated with current BMI in this group.PUBLISHEDpeer-reviewe

    Impact of Systemic Inflammation and Autoimmune Diseases on apoA-I and HDL Plasma Levels and Functions

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    The cholesterol of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) and its major proteic component, apoA-I, have been widely investigated as potential predictors of acute cardiovascular (CV) events. In particular, HDL cholesterol levels were shown to be inversely and independently associated with the risk of acute CV diseases in different patient populations, including autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders. Some relevant and direct anti-inflammatory activities of HDL have been also recently identified targeting both immune and vascular cell subsets. These studies recently highlighted the improvement of HDL function (instead of circulating levels) as a promising treatment strategy to reduce inflammation and associated CV risk in several diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. In these diseases, anti-inflammatory treatments targeting HDL function might improve both disease activity and CV risk. In this narrative review, we will focus on the pathophysiological relevance of HDL and apoA-I levels/functions in different acute and chronic inflammatory pathophysiological conditions

    Impact à deux ans de la mise en place d'une procédure d'aide à la limitation thérapeutique en réanimation

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    Introduction : AmĂ©liorer la qualitĂ© des soins des patients en fin de vie est un objectif majeur dans nos sociĂ©tĂ©s actuelles et notamment en rĂ©animation. Pour y parvenir, une procĂ©dure d aide Ă  la mise en place d une limitation des thĂ©rapeutiques (LAT) a Ă©tĂ© introduite en 2009 au sein du pĂŽle de rĂ©animation du CHRU de Lille. Cette procĂ©dure avait Ă©tĂ© perçue positivement par les soignants. L objectif principal de l Ă©tude est d observer l impact Ă  2 ans de la mise en place de cette procĂ©dure d aide aux limitations et arrĂȘts thĂ©rapeutiques au sein du pĂŽle de rĂ©animation. MatĂ©riel et mĂ©thode : Cette Ă©tude monocentrique, descriptive, comparative et rĂ©trospective a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e au sein des unitĂ©s sud, caisson hyperbare et dans le service de rĂ©animation polyvalente du CHRU de Lille. Deux cent quatre vingt quinze patients dĂ©cĂ©dĂ©s ont Ă©tĂ© inclus du 1er janvier 2010 au 1er septembre 2010 et du 1er janvier 2012 au 1er septembre 2012. Trois groupes ont Ă©tĂ© formĂ©s : un comprenant l ensemble des patients dĂ©cĂ©dĂ©s, un 2Ăšme comprenant les patients pour lesquels une dĂ©cision de LAT a Ă©tĂ© prise et un troisiĂšme comprenant les patients dĂ©cĂ©dĂ©s sans LAT. Les donnĂ©es concernant les patients, leur hospitalisation, et les LAT ont Ă©tĂ© recueillies et comparĂ©es entre 2010 et 2012. Un questionnaire de satisfaction a Ă©tĂ© distribuĂ© aux soignants et comparĂ© Ă  celui rĂ©alisĂ© en 2010. Les donnĂ©es ont Ă©tĂ© comparĂ©es en utilisant le test de Mann Whitney pour les variables quantitatives et le test de KHI pour les variables qualitatives. RĂ©sultats : Le taux de mortalitĂ© durant la pĂ©riode d inclusion est de 20%. Soixante dix pour cent des dĂ©cĂšs ont Ă©tĂ© prĂ©cĂ©dĂ©s d un processus de LAT. De nombreux bĂ©nĂ©fices secondaires Ă  la mise en place de la procĂ©dure d aide Ă  la limitation persistent en 2012 comme la traçabilitĂ© des LAT, l information des familles et la satisfaction des soignants. Il y avait significativement moins de LAT dĂ©cidĂ©es la 1Ăšre semaine d hospitalisation en 2012 qu en 2010 : 45 (46,9%) contre 69 (62,2%) (p=0,027). Les modalitĂ©s d application des limitations sont similaires en 2010 et 2012 sauf pour les limitations les plus lourdes comme la limitation des amines, de l Ă©puration extra rĂ©nale et pour la limitation de la transfusion. Les modalitĂ©s d application des arrĂȘts thĂ©rapeutiques sont similaires sauf pour les arrĂȘts de la nutrition qui sont moins souvent rĂ©alisĂ©s. Les soins de confort sont rĂ©alisĂ©s de façon similaire en 2010 et 2012 sauf pour l arrĂȘt de rĂ©alisation des examens complĂ©mentaires qui est moins souvent pratiquĂ©. Conclusion : L impact Ă  2 ans de la procĂ©dure d aide Ă  la limitation semble positif. Cependant des amĂ©liorations peuvent ĂȘtre rĂ©alisĂ©es notamment sur la formation des soignants afin de rĂ©duire le dĂ©lai de dĂ©cision de LAT.LILLE2-BU SantĂ©-Recherche (593502101) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Accuracy of leptin serum level in diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia: a case-control study

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    Background. Undernutrition causes a reduction of body-fat mass and a decrease in the circulating concentration of leptin which impairs the production of proinflammatory cytokines and increases the incidence of infectious diseases. The main objective of this study was to determine whether leptin deficiency is a risk factor for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Methods. This prospective observational case-control study was conducted in a university ICU during a 2-year period. Patients with VAP (cases) were matched (1:1) to patients without VAP (controls) according to all the following criteria: age, gender, SAPS II, and duration of ICU stay before VAP occurrence. In all patients leptin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) were measured at ICU admission, and twice a week. In addition, in cases, leptin, CRP and PCT were also measured on the day of VAP diagnosis. Results. Eighty-six cases were matched with 86 controls. No significant difference was found in leptin and PCT levels between cases and controls. CRP level was significantly higher on the day of VAP in cases compared with controls (99 vs. 48 mg/L, P=0.001). Combination of CRP-leptin (CRP >= 78 mg/L and leptin >= 6.2 ng/mL on the day of VAP) was significantly (P=0.009) associated with VAP in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis identified the combination of CRP-leptin (OR [95% CI] 3.08 [1.18-8.04], P=0.003), LOD score (1.27 [1.08-1.48], P=0.003), neuromuscular-blockers use (6.6 [2.03-21.7], P=0.002), and reintubation (3.3 [1.14-9.6], P=0.027) as independent risk factors for VAP. Conclusion. In our study, leptin level was not associated with VAP occurrence. Further studies are needed to confirm our results, and to define the exact inflammatory role of leptin, and its interest as a biomarker in ICU patients
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