Study of drug resistance in pulmonary tuberculosis cases in south coastal Karnataka

The present cross-sectional study was conducted for the first time from the Udupi district of coastal Karnataka to know the prevalence of drug resistance and comparative analysis of MDR and non-MDR cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. Details of 862 smear positive cases of pulmonary tuberculosis with age ⩾15 years from 12 designated microscopy centres of the Udupi district were studied. Initially 2 sputum samples trailed by one follow-up sample were collected from each patient and processed for culture and drug sensitivity on the Lowenstein-Jensen medium. A total resistance of 33.4% was observed that includes the mono-resistance of 22.5%, multidrug resistance (MDR) of 6.3% and extensive drug resistance (XDR) of 0.3%. Significant odds ratio (OR) was observed in category 2 cases (OR 3.9) for the development of MDR tuberculosis. A significant statistical association was observed using Fisher’s exact test while comparing mortality rate (19.3% vs. 1.8%), treatment failure (8.8% vs. 3.8%) and cure rate (68.4% vs. 85.4%) between MDR and non-MDR cases (p < 0.001). Category 2 patients are important risk factors for the development of MDR in pulmonary tuberculosis. Due to high mortality and low cure rate in MDR cases it is imperative to know the drug sensitivity report before institution of anti-tubercular treatment

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Not AvailableThe study was conducted to elucidate the influence of production environment, seed age and chemical treatments on storability and quality of rice cv. Annada at College of Agriculture, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University and Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad (India). In this present investigation, among different environment conditions, the maximum germination (74.12%), dry matter (203.28 mg), seed vigour index I (1897), alpha amylase activity (8.90 mm), dehydrogenase activity (0.213 OD value) and the minimum seed moisture content (11.14%), EC of leachates (1.536dSm-1), seed infection (18.51%) was observed under arid environment (Q2). With respect to the age of seed, the maximum germination (64.08%), dry matter (170.17mg), seed vigour index I (1526), alpha amylase activity (8.21mm), dehydrogenase activity (0.198 OD value) and minimum seed moisture content (11.64%), EC of leachates (1.738dSm-1), seed infection (18.17%) was recorded from freshly harvested seeds (P2). Among treatments, the maximum germination (62.20%), dry matter (163.83mg), seed vigour index I (1483), alpha amylase activity (8.72mm), dehydrogenase activity (0.378 OD value) and minimum seed moisture content (11.14%), EC of leachates (1.757dSm-1), seed infection (16.71%) was recorded in seeds with carbendazim treatment @ 2.0g/kg (T1). Interaction among production environment, seed age and chemical treatments also showed significant difference for quality parameters. This investigation helps in understanding the potential role of production environment, seed age and means to control the seed from deterioration during storage.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe study was conducted to elucidate the Effect of seed infection on seed quality and longevity under storage of three rice varieties produced at different environments at College of Agriculture, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University and Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad (India). In this present investigation, seed infection percentage in rice cultivars produced at two different environmental conditions have been studied and effect of seed moisture content on germination percentage and seed infection in rice varieties. The seed produced in arid environment i.e., at IIRR, Hyderabad showed minimum percent seed infection (15.26, 10.01, 18.51%), seed moisture content (11.33, 11.03, 11.14%) and maximum germination percentage (72.55, 76.66, 74.12%), whereas the seed produced in humid environment i.e., at Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, showed maximum percent seed infection (19.49, 14.01, 22.14%), seed moisture content (11.98, 11.70, 12.31%) and low germination percentage (61.97, 64.84, 44.92%) was recorded in IR 36, IR 64 and Annada varieties respectively at nine monthly storage in gunny bags at ambient conditions. With respect to the age of seed, the freshly harvested seeds recorded low percent seed infection, seed moisture content and high percent of seed germination than one year old seed of three varieties at the end of the storage (9 months after storage). Among treatments, seeds treated with carbendazim @ 2.0g/kg showed high germination percentage and minimum percent seed infection and low moisture content percentage in all the three cultivars used for study at the end of storage experiment. Interaction among production environment, seed age and chemical treatments also showed significant difference for quality parameters. This investigation helps in understanding the potential role of production environment, seed age and means to control the seed from deterioration during storage.Not Availabl