The negative influences of the new brazilian forest code on the conservation of riparian forests

More than one million hectares of riparian forests were degraded or altered in Mato Grosso State (Brazil) up to 2009. The aim of the research is to set a comparative scenario to show differences in the quantification of environmental liabilities in riparian forest areas resulting from the change in native vegetation protection rules due to the transition between Laws 4771/65 and 12651/2012. Data collection took place in a marginal stretch of Vermelho River in Rondonópolis County, Mato Grosso State. The following data set was taken into consideration: aerial images derived from unmanned aerial vehicle, Rapid Eye satellite images and orbital images hosted at Google Earth. The spatial resolution of those images was compared. The aerial photos composed a mosaic that was photo-interpreted to generate land use and occupation classes. The riparian forest areas of a rural property were used as parameter, and their environmental situation was compared in 05 meter and 100 meter strips. Thus, by taking into consideration the current rules, 23,501 m2 of area ceased to be an environmental liability within the riparian forest and became a consolidated rural area. According to the previous Forest Code, in a different scenario, that is, in a set of rural properties, the public authority would receive USD 68,600.00 in fines. The new Brazilian Forestry Code of 2012, which replaces the previous one made in 1965, exempts those responsible for rural property from regenerating previously deforested native vegetation — an obligation established by older Forest Code. We have shown that the new Forest Code has diminished the legal responsibility of the rural owners in relation to the maintenance of forest fragments in their properties

A scientific survey on 1550 cases of oral lesions diagnosed in a Brazilian referral center

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to perform an epidemiological survey on the prevalence rate of oral lesions diagnosed in a referral center in Brazil and to establish association between the lesions and the age and gender of the affected patients. This analytical observational study analyzed 3521 medical records of anatomopathological exams of the Pathological Anatomy and Cytopathology Laboratory of the Cancer Hospital of the state of Mato Grosso (Brazil), from December 2011 to September 2015. A total of 1550 relevant medical records was detected. Patients aging between 41 and 60 consisted of 42.84% of the sample. Males were more affected than females (60.13%). Inflammatory processess consisted of the most prevalent diagnosis (43.29%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (6.06%), and periapical granuloma (5.23%). Oral health public policies must give major attention to Brazilian males aged between the fourth and sixth decades of life in order to improve their quality of life

A study of structural lineaments in Pantanal (Brazil) using remote sensing data

This paper presents a study of the structural lineaments of the Pantanal extracted visually from satellite images (CBERS-2B satellite, Wide Field Imager sensor, a free image available in INTERNET) and a comparison with the structural lineaments of Precambrian and Paleozoic rocks surrounding the Cenozoic Pantanal Basin. Using a free software for satellite image analysis, the photointerpretation showed that the NS, NE and NW directions observed on the Pantanal satellite images are the same recorded in the older rocks surrounding the basin, suggesting reactivation of these basement structural directions during the Quaternary. So the Pantanal Basin has an active tectonics and its evolution seems to be linked to changes that occurred during the Andean subduction

Desenvolvimento e avaliação de um modelo preditivo a processos erosivos e movimento de massa para a região costeira do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

The study area is a Water Resources Management Unit #11 (WRMU-11), with steep slopes and very dissected and undulated relief, located in last continuous remaining parts of the Atlantic Forest in the State of São Paulo (Brazil). This paper presents a new predictive model for the identification of susceptible areas to erosion and landslides in the WRMU-11 region by combining geotechnical tools and field work. In order to evaluate the methodology, multi-criteria analysis was performed using the IDRISI Andes software. The areas that are more susceptible to erosion are located in Apiaí, Barra do Chapéu, Barra do Turvo, Cajati, Eldorado, Itaóca, Itapirapuã Paulista and Ribeira. 128 landslide occurrences observed in field surveys in the Ribeira de Iguape River Valley were plotted on the landslide susceptibility map. Ten occurrences were situated in areas classified as low susceptibility to landslides; fifty-six occurrences in areas of moderate susceptibility, fifty-five in areas of high susceptibility, and seven in areas were situated in areas of very high susceptibility to landslides. Field data showed that the Erosion and Landslide Susceptibility Maps, in 1:250,000 scale, provide reliable predictions.A área de estudo é a Unidade de Gerenciamento de Recursos Hídricos número 11 (UGRHI-11), com declives acentuados, muito dissecados e relevo ondulado, localizada na última parte de remanescente contínuo da Mata Atlântica no Estado de São Paulo (Brasil). Este artigo apresenta um novo modelo de previsão para a identificação de áreas suscetíveis à erosão e deslizamentos de terra na região da UGRHI-11, combinando ferramentas geotécnicas e trabalho de campo. A fim de avaliar a metodologia, foi realizada uma análise multicritério utilizando o software IDRISI Andes. As áreas que são mais suscetí- veis à erosão estão localizadas em Apiaí, Barra do Chapéu, Barra do Turvo, Cajati, Eldorado, Itaóca, Itapirapuã Paulista e Ribeira. 128 ocorrências de deslizamentos observados em pesquisas de campo em Ribeira de Iguape Vale do Rio foram plotados no mapa de suscetibilidade deslizamento de terra. Dez ocorrências estavam situadas em áreas classificadas como baixa suscetibilidade a deslizamentos de terra; cinquenta e seis ocorrências em áreas de susceptibilidade moderada, cinquenta e cinco em áreas de elevada susceptibilidade e sete áreas estavam situadas em áreas de elevada susceptibilidade a deslizamentos de terra. Os dados de campo mostraram que os mapas de suscetibilidade a erosão e deslizamento de terra, em escala 1:250.000, forneceram previsões confiáveis

Neotectonics as a structural control of the boundaries of the Pantanal Matogrossense Sub-Regions

Abstract: Characterized by fluvio-alluvial sedimentation processes, the heterogeneity in the Pantanal Basin allows its division in several sub-regions, which present natural characteristics of their own. It is possible to find in the literature different proposals to subdivide the Pantanal plain, which vary in total area and number of sub-regions. Each author uses specific criteria – mainly vegetation, soil and humidity – in his delimitation, but does not consider the tectonic aspects of the basin. In this sense, we intend to analyze three Pantanal delimitations from the literature and to relate them to the neotectonic context of the Pantanal plain by comparing the boundaries proposed in the delimitations to structural lineaments present in the basin. As a result, we observe that the comparison of the Pantanal boundaries with the lineaments shows a high compatibility between them, suggesting the influence of these structures in the development of the sub-regions

The negative influences of the new brazilian forest code on the conservation of riparian forests

More than one million hectares of riparian forests were degraded or altered in Mato Grosso State (Brazil) up to 2009. The aim of the research is to set a comparative scenario to show differences in the quantification of environmental liabilities in riparian forest areas resulting from the change in native vegetation protection rules due to the transition between Laws 4771/65 and 12651/2012. Data collection took place in a marginal stretch of Vermelho River in Rondonópolis County, Mato Grosso State. The following data set was taken into consideration: aerial images derived from unmanned aerial vehicle, Rapid Eye satellite images and orbital images hosted at Google Earth. The spatial resolution of those images was compared. The aerial photos composed a mosaic that was photo-interpreted to generate land use and occupation classes. The riparian forest areas of a rural property were used as parameter, and their environmental situation was compared in 05 meter and 100 meter strips. Thus, by taking into consideration the current rules, 23,501 m2 of area ceased to be an environmental liability within the riparian forest and became a consolidated rural area. According to the previous Forest Code, in a different scenario, that is, in a set of rural properties, the public authority would receive USD 68,600.00 in fines. The new Brazilian Forestry Code of 2012, which replaces the previous one made in 1965, exempts those responsible for rural property from regenerating previously deforested native vegetation - an obligation established by older Forest Code. We have shown that the new Forest Code has diminished the legal responsibility of the rural owners in relation to the maintenance of forest fragments in their properties

The expression of neotectonics in the Pantanal da Nhecolândia, State of Mato Grosso do Sul - Brazil

ABSTRACT Pantanal da Nhecolândia is one of the most well-preserved areas in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. Located in the southern part of the Taquari River megafan, it is in tectonic contact with the fault escarpments of the Maracaju-Campo Grande plateaus to the east and with the fault escarpments of the Bodoquena plateau to the west, which continue to north. To the south and to the north, the limits are marked respectively by the lineaments of the Negro and Taquari Rivers. Nhecolândia is characterized by the existence of at least 17,631 lagoons, 17,050 (96.70 %) of which are of fresh water (baías) and 577 (3.3 %) of salty water (salinas). Studies based on (Landsat) satellite images and use of free software (QGIS, version 2.8.3) and GIS (Geographic Information Systems) revealed that the major axes of the lagoons are aligned along two directions, NE (62.49 %) and NW (37.51 %), with modes concentrated between N30-40E and N30-40W, suggesting in both cases the role played by tectonic control (neotectonics) in their formation. Evidences of fluvial origin are presented for these groups of lagoons, as well as for their tectonic alignment