The Needs of Refugee and Asylum-Seeking Children in Thailand

This qualitative research investigated the needs of refugee and asylum-seeking children in the context of existing services and policies in Thailand. Observation, semi-structured interviews, and children’s drawings and writing were used to gather information in Mae Sot and Bangkok between 2014 and 2015, from 129 participants including 39 children and 90 adults. The results suggest existing laws and policies prevent children from meeting their needs. This could be remedied by considering children as global citizens

The Use Of Social Media In Marketing: Case Study In Thai Enterprises

The change in the behavior of media consumption and upward trend of social media users and time spent on social media websites locally and globally. These lead to a phenomenon of utilizing social media marketing as one of the most important aspects for marketing communication with the target market. This paper studies three organizations in Thailand that are well-respected and successfully utilize social media. Then, The author present a framework for implementing social media as one of the marketing communication tools for Thai organizations

EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION MANAGEMENT COMPONENTS OF PRIVATE SCHOOLS, CHONBURI

This research aims to study the components of early childhood education management in the 21st century of private schools, Chonburi province in Thailand. Using mixed-method research by doing 3 steps: To investigate the components of early childhood education management of private schools by analyzing and synthesis from the theoretical concepts of relevant documents and research. To investigate the present status of early childhood of private schools from 201 samples. To investigate the management process of early childhood education management of private schools by interviewing 9 experts and approved by 5 experts. The statistics for quantitative data analysis were mean and derivation and qualitative data were content analysis. The results were as follows: The components of early childhood education management in the 21st century of private schools includes all 4 components: academic affairs management, budget management, personnel management, and general management. The present status of early childhood education management overall was at the highest level, in descending order: academic affairs management, general management, budget management, and personnel management, respectively. Each component has 4 steps in the management process to success: planning, organizing, leading and controlling

ผลของการเรียนรู้แบบนำตนเองด้วย SWU-Moodle ในรายวิชาการพยาบาลมารดาและทารก และวิชาการผดุงครรภ์ต่อความรู้ ความพร้อม และความพึงพอใจต่อการเตรียมความพร้อมเพื่อสอบขึ้นทะเบียนรับใบอนุญาตประกอบวิชาชีพการพยาบาลและการผดุงครรภ์ Effects of Self-directed Learning by the SWU-Moodle on Knowledge, Readiness and Satisfaction in Preparations for the Registered Nursing and Midwifery License Examination

วัตถุประสงค์: เพื่อเปรียบเทียบความรู้และความพร้อมในการสอบขึ้นทะเบียนและรับใบอนุญาตประกอบวิชาชีพการพยาบาลและการผดุงครรภ์ ก่อนและหลังการเรียนรู้แบบนำตนเองด้วย online SWU-Moodle รายวิชาการพยาบาลมารดาทารก และวิชาการผดุงครรภ์ และประเมินความพึงพอใจต่อ SWU-Moodle วิธีการศึกษา: การศึกษาแบบหนึ่งกลุ่มประเมินผลลัพธ์ก่อนและหลัง มีตัวอย่างเป็นนิสิตพยาบาลศาสตร์ชั้นปีที่ 4 ปีการศึกษา 2563 มหาวิทยาลัยศรีนครินทรวิโรฒที่มีคุณสมบัติตามเกณฑ์จำนวน 57 คน เครื่องมือวิจัยคือ online SWU-Moodle ของสองรายวิชาดังกล่าวจำนวน 8 หน่วย ใช้เวลาเรียน 12 สัปดาห์ แบบสอบถามข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล แบบทดสอบความรู้ แบบประเมินความพร้อมในการสอบเพื่อขึ้นทะเบียนฯ และแบบประเมินความพึงพอใจ ใช้สถิติเชิงพรรณนา วิลคอกซัน การทดสอบ one-sample t test และการทดสอบไบโนเมียล ผลการศึกษา: คะแนนความรู้ และคะแนนความพร้อมหลังการเรียนสูงกว่าก่อนเรียนอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (P-value < 0.001 ทั้งคู่) คะแนนความพึงพอใจต่อ SWU-Moodle สูงกว่าเกณฑ์ร้อยละ 80 อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (P-value < 0.001) สรุป: การเรียนรู้แบบนำตนเองด้วย online SWU-Moodle ในรายวิชาการพยาบาลมารดาทารกและวิชาการผดุงครรภ์สามารถเพิ่มความรู้และ ความพร้อมในการสอบขึ้นทะเบียน และผู้เรียนมีความพึงพอใจ ควรนำรูปแบบการเรียนรู้แบบนำตนเองด้วย online SWU-Moodle ไปใช้ในการเรียนการสอนปกติ คำสำคัญ: การเรียนรู้แบบนำตนเอง, SWU-Moodle, การพยาบาลมารดาและทารก, การผดุงครรภ์, การสอบขึ้นทะเบียนรับใบอนุญาตประกอบวิชาชีพการพยาบาลและการผดุงครรภ์ Abstract Objective: To compare scores of knowledge and readiness in preparing for the nursing and midwifery license examination before and after using the self-directed learning online SWU-Moodle of Maternal and Child Nursing and Midwifery subjects, and determine satisfaction on SWU-Moodle. Methods: This one-group pre-test-post-test pre-experimental study had 57 57 4th year nursing students in the academic year 2020, Srinakharinwirot University meeting eligibility criteria as participants. Research instruments were the SWU-Moodle of the two subjects, and questionnaires to measure knowledge, readiness and satisfaction in using SWU-Moodle. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon signed rank test, one-sample t test and binomial test. Results: Scores of knowledge and readiness at post-test were significantly higher than those at pre-test (P-value < 0.001 for both). Score of satisfaction at post-test was significantly higher than the criterion of 80% (P-value < 0.001). Conclusion: Self-directed learning with the SWU-Moodle of Maternal and Child Nursing and Midwifery increased knowledge and readiness for the license examination with satisfaction. SWU-Moodle learning platform should be used in regular class. Keyword: self-directed learning, SWU-Moodle, maternal and child nursing, midwifery, nursing licensing examinatio

Fatigue Properties of Graphene Interconnects on Flexible Substrates

This thesis represents the first determination of the fatigue behavior of Graphene as interconnect material electronic components on flexible substrates. The potential application of this interconnect material is for displays on flexible substrates where fatigue resistance is required due to the stress placed on the interconnect during mechanical bending. As the display is cyclically deformed (fatigued) during normal operation, cracks in the interconnect layer initiate and propagate leading to the lineout failure condition. The major contribution of this work is to show that Graphene is a superior interconnect material to the present state of the art Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) due to its electrical, optical and mechanical properties. The experimental approach in this thesis is based on Graphene samples which were fabricated on Silicon Nitrite (Si3N4)/Polyethylene Naphthalate (PEN) substrates. For comparison, both patterned and uniform ITO films ITO films on Si3N4/PEN were fabricated. The results of the in-depth characterization of Graphene are reported and based on Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Raman Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) are reported. The fatigue characteristics of ITO were determined at stress amplitudes ranging from 2000 MPa to 400 MPa up to 5000 cycles. The fatigue characteristics of Graphene were determined at stress amplitudes ranging from 80 GPa to 40 GPa up to 5000 cycles. The fatigue S-N curves were determined and showed that Graphene's endurance limit is 40 GPa. Beyond the endurance limit, there is no observable high cycle or low cycle fatigue indication for Graphene on a flexible substrate such as PEN. The microstructural analysis by SEM and AFM did not reveal normal fatigue crack growth and propagation. This thesis presents the first comprehensive behavior of Graphene in a bending fatigue stress environment present in numerous flexible electronic applications. The design and stress environments for safe operation has been defined

Probabilistic Strain Energy Life Assessment Model

AbstractUnder the “safe-life” methodology used by the United States Navy the service life of aircraft fleet are determined by monitoring the aircraft's usage and estimating the respective fatigue damage. The calculated fatigue life expenditure representing cumulative damage is then used to determine if it is possible for an aircraft or a fleet of aircrafts to reach the point of crack initiation and whether or not it should be retired. This research focuses on the development and initial application of a probabilistic strain-energy model to augment the empirical-based fatigue life expended approach. Experimental fatigue data obtained in this research is used to determine the relation between the number of cycles-to-failure and the cumulative total strain energy. A Bayesian framework for regression, including consideration of the model error is used to develop a probabilistic model of life that includes parameter uncertainties due to the limitation and scatter observed in the experimental data

Purtscher-like Retinopathy Associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Purpose: To report on clinical manifestations of Purtscher-like retinopathy (PLR) associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and visual outcomes. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 11 patients (21 affected eyes) with PLR in SLE. Results: All patients were treated with systemic corticosteroids ± immunosuppressive agents. Ocular therapy included intravitreal injections with bevacizumab in 18/21 eyes and posterior sub-Tenon injections with triamcinolone acetonide 13/21 eyes. Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) was performed in 19/21 eyes and pars plana vitrectomy was required in 5/21 eyes. Visual improvement was found at follow-up of 3 and 6 months (p = 0.05). Poor visual outcome was associated with presence of neovascularizations at onset (p = 0.009), development of vitreous hemorrhage during PRP (p = 0.015), and active status of SLE after onset of PLR (p = 0.029). Conclusions: PLR might manifest as a devastating complication of SLE. We recommend treating any systemic activity of SLE and starting an early ocular treatment

Development of Acute Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada-like Syndrome during the Treatment Course with Vemurafenib for Metastatic Melanoma

Purpose: To report on ocular Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada (VKH)-like syndrome under vemurafenib treatment for metastatic melanoma. Design: A case report. Method: Description of clinical and imaging manifestations including fundus photography, fluorescein, and indocyanine green angiography. Results: A 46-year-old Thai female was diagnosed with metastatic melanoma of the skin and had been treated with multiple surgical excisions, radiotherapy, and vemurafenib (initial dose 480 mg orally twice daily, subsequently increased to maximum dose of 960 mg twice daily). After 6 months of vemurafenib use, she complained of bilateral redness and photophobia and was diagnosed with bilateral anterior uveitis, which was topically treated. Two weeks later, her visual acuity (VA) sharply deteriorated to 20/80 and counting fingers. Ocular examination at that stage stronly resembled acute VKH disease. She exhibited intraocular inflammation, and her fundus examination revealed bilateral optic disc swelling and serous retinal detachment. Fluorescein angiogram showed disc leakage and multiple pinpoint hyperfluorescence leakage spots and indocyanine green demonstrated multipl

Screening for chloroquine maculopathy in populations with uncertain reliability in outcomes of automatic visual field testing

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare screening methods for the early detection of maculopathy in patients treated with chloroquine (CQ) or hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and to identify the risk factors for the development of toxic maculopathy. Methods: We performed a prospective study of all 217 patients taking CQ and/or HCQ and seen in our center between July 2011 and December 2013. All subjects underwent a complete ocular examination, as well as spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and 10-2 Humphrey visual field (10-2 HVF). Results: The median age of patients was 51 years, median CQ/HCQ duration was 40 months, and median cumulative dose was 180 g. The prevalence of at least two abnormal tests was 7.4% (16/217). SD-OCT had

Extracts of Thai Perilla frutescens nutlets attenuate tumour necrosis factor-α-activated generation of microparticles, ICAM-1 and IL-6 in human endothelial cells

Elevation of endothelial microparticles (EMPs) play an important role in the progression of inflammation-related vascular diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Thai perilla (Perilla frutescens) nutlets are rich in phenolic compounds and flavonoids that exert potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. We found that the ethyl acetate (EA) and ethanol (Eth) extracts of Thai perilla nutlets contain phenolic compounds such as luteolin, apigenin, chryseoriol and their glycosides, which exhibit antioxidant activity. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of the extracts on endothelial activation and EMPs generation in tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced EA.hy926 cells. We found that TNF-α (10 ng/ml) activated EA.hy926 cells and subsequently generated EMPs. Pre-treatment with the extracts significantly attenuated endothelial activation by decreasing the expression of the intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in a dose-dependent manner. Only the Eth extract showed protective effects against overproduction of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the activated cells. Furthermore, the extracts significantly reduced TNF-α-enhanced EMPs generation in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, Thai perilla nutlet extracts, especially the Eth extract, may have potential to protect endothelium against vascular inflammation through the inhibition of endothelial activation and the generation of endothelial microparticles (EMPs)