PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM KELAS VII B DI SMP ISLAM EL SYIHAB BANDAR LAMPUNG

ABSTRAK Pendidikan merupakan suatu usaha kesadaran untuk menyiapkan siswa melalui kegiatan bimbingan,pengajaran, dan latihan bagi peranannya dimasa yang akan datang. Pembelajaran pendudukan agama islam adalah interaksi pendidik dalam memberikan bimbingan kepada siswa untuk mengetahui ketentuan�ketentuan dalam agama Islam.Guru dalam pembelajaran sangat dituntut agar mampu menjadikan proses pembelajaran itu berlangsung secara kondusif.Salah satunya seorang guru membutuhkan media pembelajaran yang dapat membantu seorang guru dalam menyampaikan pesan kepada siswa,agar pesan yang disampaikan bias lebih jelas dan mudah dipahami dalam siswa.Salah satu media yang dapat digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran adalah multimedia ,penggunaan multimedia tersebut dapat melengkapi berbagai pengalaman dasar yang dimiliki siswa,dapat memancing inspirasi baru, menarik nilai-nilai rekreasi serta memperlihatkan objek sebenarnya.Hal tersebut yang menjadi alas an penulis untuk melakukann penelitian ini.Dengan pertanyaan penelitian yang akan penulis bahas sebagai berikut:Bagaimana Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Multimedia Interaktif dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Kelas VII B di SMP Islam El Syihab Bandar Lampung? Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tanggapan siswa terhadap Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Multimedia Interaktif dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Kelas VII B di SMP Islam El Syihab Bandar Lampung. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan model penelitian kualitatif. Sedangkan sifat penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik dengan pengumpulan data yang dikumpulkan melalui cara wawancara,observasi,dokumentasi.Sedangkan teknik penjamin keabsahan data penelitian ini,yaitu triangulasi sumber,teknik dan waktu.Kemudian untuk analisi data dilakukan dengan mereduksi data,menyajikan data, dn menarik kesimpulan.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan,maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Multimedia Interaktif dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Kelas VII B di SMP Islam El Syihab Bandar Lampung sudah dilakukan cukup baik dan dinilai cukup efektif. Hal tersebut terbukti dilihat dari pembelajaran lebih menarik mudah dipahami, suasana kelas menjadi lebih kondusif dan sikap - sikap siswa pun menjadi berubah menjadi senang, tidak bosan,semangat dan antusias dalam proses pembelajaran serta perhatian siswa terpusat kepada topik yang dibahas dalam pembelajaran

Serat Wulangreh: Ajaran Keutamaan Moral Membangun Pribadi yang Luhur

This research explored the content of the teachings of moral virtue within the Serat Wulang Reh. It was aimed to describe the teachings of moral virtue which can shape current generation of the nation in establishing noble personality and strengthen moral characters amidst modernity. This study was bibliographical research based on the philosophical research model of factual historic queries concerning texts. In the process of analyzing research data, researchers used methodical elements namely, interpretation, idealism, comparison, and description. The results described how to be a noble person according to Serat Wulang Reh. First, one must realize the purpose and meaning of life as human and creature of God. The teachings of moral virtue in 'Serat Wulang Reh' outlined the teachings of being religious, e.g. worshiping in five devotions, practicing worships, always remembering God and controlling the carnal desire with care and concern. The teachings of other virtues included developing moral attitudes in family circle, in society and relationship to the state. In conclusion, the harmony of life, salvation of the world and hereafter can be achieved through the implementation of the whole teachings described in Serat Wulang Reh.

Changes of Constituents and Activity to Apoptosis and Cell Cycle During Fermentation of Tea

Tea is believed to be beneficial for health, and the effects of the fermentation process on its contributions to apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of gastric cancer cells have not been completely investigated. In this study, the chemical components in green tea, black tea and pu-erh tea aqueous extracts were analyzed and compared. The polysaccharide and caffeine levels were substantially higher in the fermented black tea and pu-erh tea, while the polyphenol level was higher in the unfermented green tea. Hence, a treatment of tea aqueous extract and the components, which are emerging as promising anticancer agents, were pursued to determine whether this treatment could lead to enhance apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. In the human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901, the cell viability and flow cytometry analysis for apoptotic cells indicated effects in a dose-dependent inhibition manner for the three tea treatment groups. The apoptosis rates were found to be elevated after 48 h of treatment with 31.2, 125, and 500 μg/mL of green tea extract, the higher catechins content may be involved in the mechanism. Cell cycle was arrested in S phase in the fermented black tea and pu-erh tea, and the populations were significantly decreased in G2/M phases, possibly due to the oxidation of tea polyphenols, which causes an increase of theabrownins. CCC-HEL-1 normal cells were not sensitive to tea extract. These findings suggest that the fermentation process causes changes of the compounds which might be involved in the changes of cell proliferation inhibition, apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest

Impact on Disease Development, Genomic Location and Biological Function of Copy Number Alterations in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Lung cancer, of which more than 80% is non-small cell, is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Copy number alterations (CNAs) in lung cancer have been shown to be positionally clustered in certain genomic regions. However, it remains unclear whether genes with copy number changes are functionally clustered. Using a dense single nucleotide polymorphism array, we performed genome-wide copy number analyses of a large collection of non-small cell lung tumors (n = 301). We proposed a formal statistical test for CNAs between different groups (e.g., non-involved lung vs. tumors, early vs. late stage tumors). We also customized the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) algorithm to investigate the overrepresentation of genes with CNAs in predefined biological pathways and gene sets (i.e., functional clustering). We found that CNAs events increase substantially from germline, early stage to late stage tumor. In addition to genomic position, CNAs tend to occur away from the gene locations, especially in germline, non-involved tissue and early stage tumors. Such tendency decreases from germline to early stage and then to late stage tumors, suggesting a relaxation of selection during tumor progression. Furthermore, genes with CNAs in non-small cell lung tumors were enriched in certain gene sets and biological pathways that play crucial roles in oncogenesis and cancer progression, demonstrating the functional aspect of CNAs in the context of biological pathways that were overlooked previously. We conclude that CNAs increase with disease progression and CNAs are both positionally and functionally clustered. The potential functional capabilities acquired via CNAs may be sufficient for normal cells to transform into malignant cells

Fluorescence in situ hybridisation analysis of chromosomal aberrations in gastric tissue: the potential involvement of Helicobacter pylori

In this series of experiments, a novel protocol was developed whereby gastric cells were collected using endoscopic cytology brush techniques, and prepared, such that interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) could be performed. In total, 80 distinct histological samples from 37 patients were studied using four chromosome probes (over 32 000 cells analysed). Studies have previously identified abnormalities of these four chromosomes in upper GI tumours. Using premalignant tissues, we aimed to determine how early in Correa's pathway to gastric cancer these chromosome abnormalities occurred. Aneuploidy of chromosomes 4, 8, 20 and 17(p53) was detected in histologically normal gastric mucosa, as well as in gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and cancer samples. The levels of aneuploidy increased as disease severity increased. Amplification of chromosome 4 and chromosome 20, and deletion of chromosome 17(p53) were the more common findings. Hence, a role for these abnormalities may exist in the initiation of, and the progression to, gastric cancer. Helicobactor pylori infection was determined in premalignant tissue using histological analysis and PCR technology. Detection rates were comparable. PCR was used to subtype H. pylori for CagA status. The amplification of chromosome 4 in gastric tissue was significantly more prevalent in H. pylori-positive patients (n=7) compared to H. pylori-negative patients (n=11), possibly reflecting a role for chromosome 4 amplification in H. pylori-induced gastric cancer. The more virulent CagA strain of H. pylori was associated with increased disease pathology and chromosomal abnormalities, although numbers were small (CagA+ n=3, CagA− n=4). Finally, in vitro work demonstrated that the aneuploidy induced in a human cell line after exposure to the reactive oxygen species (ROS) hydrogen peroxide was similar to that already shown in the gastric cancer pathway, and may further strengthen the hypothesis that H. pylori causes gastric cancer progression via an ROS-mediated mechanism

Pandangan Buruh Gendong di Yogyakarta terhadap Peran Ganda Perempuan

Unskilled female labourer (buruh gendong) is a manifestation of Javanese female workers disrupting the inferiority boundary. They lift heavy goods in the market to help in providing livelihood for their family. This research aimed to analyze how the unskilled female labourers defend their existence as Javanese women who are able to fullfil double burden as the way to provide financial help to their family. This research also analyzed how they view of the women's double roles. This research was a field study using qualitative data collected from detailed interviews, observations, and documentations. Analyzes were done using philosophical approaches, i.e. induction, deduction, comparation, description, and reflection. The results showed that Javanese women were not only refined in character and submissive, but also tough, strong, and decisive in making choice. They viewed the women's double burden as part of their lives which should be ventured with willingess and sincerity. They tackled the conflict arising from the double burden by efficiency in time management and load-sharing in domestic chores. Gender deconstruction was shown as women who also can contribute economically by capitalizing their abilities. Women and men are all in the same level and have the same chances in working side by side with other men. From this research, a new knowledge has been revealed that women's double burden was not always restricting women to contribute to their family. It was depicted by this case in female unskilled labourers in helping their family willingly

Perbedaan berat karkas, dan Muscularity pada sapi Brahman dengan sapi Simmental jantan dewasa

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) kodya Malang. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Juni 2010 sampai dengan bulan September 2010. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui perbedaan persentase karkas, dan rasio hip/stifle width pada sapi Brahman dan sapi Simmental jantan dewasa. Sehingga dapat menjadi rujukan dalam seleksi atau penentuan bangsa yang akan dikembangkan selanjutnya. Materi penelitian adalah sapi Brahman dan sapi Simmental jantan dewasa, yang akan dipotong di RPH, masing-masing sebanyak 160 ekor. Metode yang digunakan studi kasus, pemilihan sampel dengan cara purposive random sampling dengan memilih sapi jantan dewasa yang akan dipotong dan dikelompokkan menurut bangsa sapi Brahman dan sapi Simmental. Selanjutnya sapi-sapi tersebut diukur lebar pada bagian hip dan stifle sebagai data dalam menghitung muscularity. Selanjutnya sapi ditimbang dengan timbangan digital untuk mengetahui bobot potong. Dan menggunakan timbangan daging untuk mengetahui berat karkas sapi tersebut.Data hasil penelitian yang terhimpun dianalisis secara statistik sehingga diperoleh data mean, simpangan serta ragam dari data yang diperoleh. Selanjutnya dilakukan Uji-t (t-test) 2 sampel independen untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar populasi kedua bangsa sapi. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa sapi Simmental memiliki rata-rata berat karkas sebesar 265,09±31,4592 kg, sedangkan sapi Brahman memiliki rata-rata berat karkas sebesar 214,23±21,4482 kg. Untuk rasio hip dan stiflewidth (muscularity) pada sapi Brahman sebesar 111,77±10,6258 %,sedangkan rasio hip dan stiflewidth pada sapi Simmental sebesar 107,68±3,4423 %. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah, terdapat perbedaan yang nyata pada berat karkas sapi Brahman dengan persentase karkas sapi Simmental.Rasio stifle dan hip width (muscularity) pada sapi Brahman dan sapi Simmental pada penelitian ini memiliki perbedaan yang nyata. Dan terdapat hubungan yang lemah antara berat karkas dengan persentase rasio stifle dan hip width (muscularity) pada sapi Brahman dan sapi Simmental. Disarankan untuk melakukan penelitian mengenai perbedaan berat karkas dengan muscularity pada bangsa bangsa sapi lain yang populer di Indonesia, terutama sapi lokal ataupun sapi domestikasi lain