Freedom of Speech in Digital Communication: Rafael Capurro’s Cultural Approach to Self-Formation

This article aims to explore the meaning of freedom of speech in Rafael Capurro’s writings. For this purpose, the article will consist of three parts. The first part will deal with the principle of freedom of speech which is embedded both in Western and Eastern cultures. The second part of the article will focus on the problematization of freedom of speech in digital communication, especially in cases of privacy and flourishing humanity. A harmonious social life and the flourishing of the human soul will be regarded as fundamental arguments of self-formation ethics in digital communication. Then, the third part of the article will trace out some of the implications of Capurro’s assessment of self-formation ethics as a basic argument for freedom of speech. In this final section, a discussion concerning the contribution of Capurro’s thoughts on criticizing pragmatic and intoxicant digital communication will be considered

Assimilation of Tung Chung Shu’s Philosophy and the Development of Multiculturalism

The purpose of this article is to explore the thoughts of the philosopher Tung Chung Shu who is a figure in Chinese philosophy. Tung Chung Shu managed to compile several aspects of philosophy and culture that developed in China during the Han dynasty. Tung Chung Shu's thought has relevance to the development of multiculturalism, especially in Indonesia amid globalization today. The condition of the Chinese nation has a different cultural background and has succeeded in reformulating the unifying ideology of the country so that it can improve the condition of a society that is experiencing chaos. The philosophy and culture of the Chinese nation that developed when in this condition was the Han Dynasty which was dominated by Taoism, Legalism, and Confucianism. A Chinese philosopher, Tung Chung Shu, combined the three schools with the core teachings of jen, yi, l, chi, and hsin with the main goal of realizing a happy, prosperous, and safe society. The situation of differences that exist in people's lives gave birth to multiculturalism which offers a cultural paradigm to understand and interpret the differences that develop in people's lives. This research uses the abstraction analysis method and then analyzes it through a comparative interpretative approach that begins with description and historical continuity. The results showed that (1) the condition of differences in society can be avoided from conflict if the government can implement multiculturalism policies in regulating the order of government as in Tung Chung Shu's thinking about good governance (2) the condition of a country depends on the attitude of the country's leaders so that the condition of multicultural society can be safe, harmonious, peaceful, prosperous cannot be separated from the role of state leaders (3) in addressing differences need the attitude of wisdom, humanity, courage, wisdom and virtue as the philosophical thought of Tung Chung Shu. In line with the conditions of the multicultural Indonesian nation, Tung Chung Shu's thoughts can be a reference in efforts to develop multiculturalism in Indonesia. This argument is supported by the situation and conditions of the Indonesian nation which has a diversity of ethnicities, cultures, religions, regions, and different cultural traditions

The Role of the Concept of Agape in Improving Aristotle’s Ethics

This research attempted to solve a fundamental philosophical problem in Aristotle's ethics, which was considered insufficient to provide an explanation of what principles must be obeyed by agents of virtue to determine morally right actions. Therefore, this research was conducted to analyze the role of the concept agape in improving Aristotle’s ethics, and its relevance to well-being. This research method was literature-based qualitative research. The research type applied was descriptive of the expert’s thoughts. The agape concept in this study was independent of metaphysical and theological orientations. The concept of agape in this discussion did not refer to God but was directed to the realm of virtue. The high moral value on which agape is based is rationality. Morally right action is an action that emanates from virtue, which is shaped by the purpose of love and wisely carried out in a relational context using practical reason involving situational and consequence considerations. The essential role of agape in virtue is as a constituent of well-being. What one brings to life becomes one’s own life, in line with Aristotle's classical notion that virtue contributes to eudaimonia

Historical Analysis of Interactive Gamification Research: A Literature Review with Kuhn and Lakatos’ Approaches

This literature review provides an analysis of the historical development and theoretical frameworks put forth by notable philosophers such as Thomas Kuhn and Imre Lakatos in the field of interactive gamification research. By examining the contributions and perspectives of these influential figures, the authors aimed to enhance our understanding of the evolution of gamification as a research area. This review serves as a valuable resource for individuals interested in delving deeper into the concept of gamification in interactive research. Furthermore, it offers a collection of references that can be explored in the initial stages of gamification research. By studying the works of influential philosophers such as Thomas Kuhn and Imre Lakatos, researchers can gain valuable insights into the evolution of gamification  research and its theoretical underpinnings.. Kuhn's concept of paradigm shifts and Lakatos's ideas on research programs provide researchers with a framework to understand the progression of ideas and theories within the field

Human’s Relationship with Technology in Nick Land’s Accelerationism

Technology exists as a manifestation of human awareness of fulfilling needs and helping with daily human activities. Even in their daily lives, humans cannot be separated from the existence of technology. The presence of technology encourages human access to solve various modern problems that are closely related to technology. This is emphasized by Nick Land that technology is an expression of the human drive to overcome the limitations of nature and improve the quality of nature, even humans. Technology is present as a way for humans to enhance their living conditions. Developments in this contemporary era are faced with further developments in the relationship between humans and technology, namely; technology has the potential to replace the role of humans in various fields. This research aims to explore the rapid advancement of technology through accelerationism, which can potentially influence humans in solving a problem related to human relations with technology. The research method used is philosophical hermeneutics on actual problems. Nick Land through accelerationism, provides a view that technological development must be accelerated and allowed to run. Land believes that technology will bring humans to the next stage of evolution to a better life. The problem of human relationships with accelerationism in technology can impact the development of human life. Humans and technology can work together for the benefit of mankind

Soft Power & Hegemony: Gramsci, Nye, and Cox’s Perspectives

This article highlights the significance of soft power and hegemony in the realms of international relations theory and political philosophy. Soft power serves as a political strategy utilized by nations to attract and shape ideas in other countries through influence and persuasion. Similarly, Antonio Gramsci's concept of hegemony emphasizes the influence of societal ideas by employing moral and intellectual leadership through consensus. In enriching this analysis, it incorporates perspectives from Robert Cox, who deepen the understanding of how hegemony intertwines with global power structures, social forces, and the construction of world order. This article provides a theoretical review of Joseph S. Nye's soft power concept and Antonio Gramsci's notion of hegemony, comparing both at the epistemological level of political science, encompassing concepts, praxis, and values. The study is based on Nye's Soft Power (2004) and Gramsci's Selections from the Prison Notebooks (2007) through a literature review. This article concludes that these concepts share similarities, such as utilizing intellectual leadership, promoting awareness within the intellectual class, and targeting civil society as a crucial influencer

Slavoj Zizek’s Criticism of Neoliberalism and Radical Political Subjects

Neoliberalism strongly endorses private property rights, free markets, and free trade. In the neoliberal economic system, the role of the state is to create and protect the existence of the market. This article aims to discuss Zizek’s critique of neoliberalism and his account of the radical subject. In this article we try to show that neoliberalism has negative impacts on developing countries, among which are the ecological crisis, economic crisis, and the privatization of national assets. We further elaborate on Zizek’s conviction that the presence of radical subjects can solve this problem by breaking through neoliberalism as The Big Other. The post-liberal ideology that he sees as an alternative for creating people’s welfare is “new communism,” which is different from the old communism proposed by Lenin. This communism emphasizes global solidarity in dealing with global problems and reinvigorates the role of the state as a facilitator to support the national economy.     

The Origins and Values of Javanese Philosophy in Nyadran with Goat-Cow Slaughter

This research aims to explore the origins of Nyadran, focusing on its ritualistic aspect involving the use of large animal parts (cows or goats), and to elucidate the underlying philosophy. Utilizing qualitative data from literature reviews and field studies, interviews were conducted to understand community perspectives. Findings reveal that Nyadran's implementation, involving slaughtering animals, lacks direct links to Islamic teachings and shows no explicit involvement of Islamic figures from the past. Instead, Nyadran's concepts stem from myths surrounding the village or the region in which it is organized. Community knowledge is grounded in beliefs about intertwined historical events and evolves with the growth of religious institutions. Justifications for Nyadran are based on philosophical arguments of religious, moral, and societal values, supporting the need for strong communal values and a harmonious life