Indigenous knowledge in the time of climate change (with reference to Chuuk, Federated States of Micronesia)

[Extract:] In order to understand how social resilience might be achieved in the face of climate change,it is crucial to consider how people employ everyday ‘local’ and ‘indigenous knowledge’ to deal in practice with uncertainty and risk in their lives. Focusing on responses to climate change discourse in the Pacific , with particular attention to Chuuk, Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), we call for more fine- grained ethnographic studies on how the global discourse of climate change transforms knowledge and practice at the local level

Emotion recognition in children with profound and severe deafness : do they have a deficit in perceptual processing?

Findings from several studies have suggested that deaf children have difficulties with emotion identification and that these may impact upon social skills. The authors of these studies have typically attributed such problems to delayed language acquisition and/or opportunity to converse about personal experiences with other people (Peterson & Siegal, 1995, 1998). The current study aimed to investigate emotion identification in children with varying levels of deafness by specifically testing their ability to recognize perceptual aspects of emotions depicted in upright or inverted human and cartoon faces. The findings from the study showed that, in comparison with both chronological- and mental-age-matched controls, the deaf children were significantly worse at identifying emotions. However, like controls, their performance decreased when emotions were presented on the inverted faces, thus indexing a typical configural processing style. No differences were found across individuals with different levels of deafness or in those with and without signing family members. The results are supportive of poor emotional identification in hearing-impaired children and are discussed in relation to delays in language acquisition and intergroup differences in perceptual processing.Peer reviewe

Decoding actions and emotions in deaf children: Evidence from a biological motion task

This study aimed to explore the recognition of emotional and non-emotional biological movements in children with severe and profound deafness. 24 deaf children, together with 24 control children matched on mental age and 24 control children matched on chronological age, were asked to identify a person’s actions, subjective states, emotions, and objects conveyed by moving point-light displays. Results showed that when observing point light displays, deaf children showed impairments across all conditions (emotions, actions and moving objects) compared to their chronological age matched controls but showed no differences across subjective states. The results are supportive that deaf children present developmental delays in their biological motion apart from the ones relative to their own mental state, and that this may be interpreted in relation to the expertise they have acquired in decoding action toward themselves. The findings are discussed in relation to deaf children viewing motion stimuli very differently to hearing children (e.g. Bosworth & Dobkins, 2002)

Sustainable Implementation of Interprofessional Education Using an Adoption Model Framework

Interprofessional education (IPE) is a growing focus for educators in health professional academic programs. Recommendations to successfully implement IPE are emerging in the literature, but there remains a dearth of evidence informing the bigger challenges of sustainability and scalability. Transformation to interprofessional education for collaborative person-centred practice (IECPCP) is complex and requires “harmonization of motivations” within and between academia, governments, healthcare delivery sectors, and consumers. The main lesson learned at the University of Manitoba was the value of using a formal implementation framework to guide its work. This framework identifies key factors that must be addressed at the micro, meso, and macro levels and emphasizes that interventions occurring only at any single level will likely not lead to sustainable change. This paper describes lessons learned when using the framework and offers recommendations to support other institutions in their efforts to enable the roll out and integration of IECPCP.  L’éducation interprofessionnelle (EIP) fait l’objet d’un intérêt grandissant parmi les enseignants des programmes universitaires pour professionnels de la santé. Bien que des recommandations pour une mise en œuvre réussie de l’EIP fassent leur apparition dans les publications académiques, il existe encore un manque de données probantes sur les défis plus importants que représentent la durabilité et la modularité. La transformation de l’EIP vers une pratique interprofessionnelle et collaborative axée sur la personne (PPCAP) est complexe et nécessite l’« harmonisation des motivations » entre différents secteurs (universitaire, gouvernemental, des soins de la santé et de la consommation), et au sein de ceux-ci. La principale leçon qu’a reçue l’Université du Manitoba a été la nécessité d’employer une structure formelle de mise en place pour diriger ses travaux. Cette structure identifie les caractéristiques essentielles que l’on doit aborder à petite, moyenne et grande échelle et souligne l’importance de ces interventions à plusieurs niveaux, sans quoi le changement n’est pas durable. Cet article décrit les leçons apprises avec la structure et propose des recommandations afin d’aider d’autres institutions dans leurs efforts de création et d’intégration de la PPCAP

Banner News

https://openspace.dmacc.edu/banner_news/1129/thumbnail.jp

Banner News

https://openspace.dmacc.edu/banner_news/1128/thumbnail.jp

'It's a film' : medium specificity as textual gesture in Red road and The unloved

British cinema has long been intertwined with television. The buzzwords of the transition to digital media, 'convergence' and 'multi-platform delivery', have particular histories in the British context which can be grasped only through an understanding of the cultural, historical and institutional peculiarities of the British film and television industries. Central to this understanding must be two comparisons: first, the relative stability of television in the duopoly period (at its core, the licence-funded BBC) in contrast to the repeated boom and bust of the many different financial/industrial combinations which have comprised the film industry; and second, the cultural and historical connotations of 'film' and 'television'. All readers of this journal will be familiar – possibly over-familiar – with the notion that 'British cinema is alive and well and living on television'. At the end of the first decade of the twenty-first century, when 'the end of medium specificity' is much trumpeted, it might be useful to return to the historical imbrication of British film and television, to explore both the possibility that medium specificity may be more nationally specific than much contemporary theorisation suggests, and to consider some of the relationships between film and television manifest at a textual level in two recent films, Red Road (2006) and The Unloved (2009)

Public involvement in research: Assessing impact through a realist evaluation

BackgroundThis study was concerned with developing the evidence base for public involvement in research in health and social care. There now is significant support for public involvement within the National Institute for Health Research, and researchers applying for National Institute for Health Research grants are expected to involve the public. Despite this policy commitment, evidence for the benefits of public involvement in research remains limited. This study addressed this need through a realist evaluation.Aim and objectivesThe aim was to identify the contextual factors and mechanisms that are regularly associated with effective public involvement in research. The objectives included identifying a sample of eight research projects and their desired outcomes of public involvement, tracking the impact of public involvement in these case studies, and comparing the associated contextual factors and mechanisms.DesignThe research design was based on the application of realist theory of evaluation, which argues that social programmes are driven by an underlying vision of change – a ‘programme theory’ of how the intervention is supposed to work. The role of the evaluator is to compare theory and practice. Impact can be understood by identifying regularities of context, mechanism and outcome. Thus the key question for the evaluator is ‘What works for whom in what circumstances . . . and why?’ (Pawson R. The Science of Evaluation. London: Sage; 2013). We therefore planned a realist evaluation based on qualitative case studies of public involvement in research.Setting and participantsEight diverse case studies of research projects in health and social care took place over the calendar year 2012 with 88 interviews from 42 participants across the eight studies: researchers, research managers, third-sector partners and research partners (members of the public involved in research).ResultsCase study data supported the importance of some aspects of our theory of public involvement in research and led us to amend other elements. Public involvement was associated with improvements in research design and delivery, particularly recruitment strategies and materials, and data collection tools. This study identified the previously unrecognised importance of principal investigator leadership as a key contextual factor leading to the impact of public involvement; alternatively, public involvement might still be effective without principal investigator leadership where there is a wider culture of involvement. In terms of the mechanisms of involvement, allocating staff time to facilitate involvement appeared more important than formal budgeting. Another important new finding was that many research proposals significantly undercosted public involvement. Nurturing good interpersonal relationships was crucial to effective involvement. Payment for research partner time and formal training appeared more significant for some types of public involvement than others. Feedback to research partners on the value of their contribution was important in maintaining motivation and confidence.ConclusionsA revised theory of public involvement in research was developed and tested, which identifies key regularities of context, mechanism and outcome in how public involvement in research works. Implications for future research include the need to further explore how leadership on public involvement might be facilitated, methodological work on assessing impact and the development of economic analysis of involvement.Funding detailsThe National Institute for Health Research Health Service and Delivery programme