Proyectos de vida de jóvenes estudiantes en tiempos de pandemia

Maestría en Educación desde la Diversidad, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas.El propósito de la investigación, fue la de identificar, en la coyuntura actual de pandemia, las opciones que desde las experiencias educativas contribuyeron en la construcción de los proyectos de vida de jóvenes escolares. Para ello, se implementó una metodología de corte cualitativa, que permitió acercarse, por medio de encuestas y entrevistas, a lo que piensan y hacen los estudiantes del grado décimo y algunos docentes de la Institución Educativa San Isidro, del municipio de Inzá (Cauca), sobre los proyectos de vida. Los principales hallazgos señalan que la mayoría de los participantes consideraron que tendrán dificultades para lograr sus planes a futuro, después de lo vivido durante esta pandemia; sin embargo, un 80% de los estudiantes, consideraron que, en la formación escolar recibida durante esta coyuntura de salud pública, se les brindó herramientas para el desarrollo de sus proyectos de vida. Se concluye que, en general, los jóvenes saben qué es un proyecto de vida, pero requieren un acompañamiento, más decidido por parte de la institución escolar, con estrategias, tiempo y la capacitación de los docentes, para atender con mayor pertinencia este aspecto, tan importante dentro de su proceso formativo

Poverty, social exclusion, and mental health: the role of the family context in children aged 7–11 years INMA mother-and-child cohort study

Mental health problems are common in childhood and tend to be more frequent in populations at risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE). The family environment can play a role in reducing the impact of economic hardship on these problems. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of multidimensional poverty on the mental health of children aged 7–11 years and the role of the family environment in two areas of Spain. Participants were 395 and 382 children aged 7 and 11 from Gipuzkoa and Valencia, respectively. Internalizing and externalizing problem scales of the child behaviour checklist (CBCL) were used. AROPE indicators were obtained by questionnaire, and three dimensions of the family context (Organization of the Physical Environment and Social Context, Parental Stress and Conflict, and Parental Profile Fostering Development) were measured through subscales 3, 4 and 5 of the Haezi-Etxadi family assessment scale (7–11) (HEFAS 7–11), respectively. Data were analysed using negative binomial regression and Structural Equation Modelling. AROPE prevalence was 7.1 and 34.5% in Gipuzkoa and Valencia, respectively. In both cohorts, there was a significant increase in internalizing and externalizing problems among participants with a higher AROPE score. However, AROPE did not affect internalizing problems in children from families living in a better physical environment and with social support (Subscale 3). The AROPE effect was jointly mediated by subscales 4 and 5 in 42 and 62% of internalizing and externalizing problems, respectively. Preventing economic inequities by economic compensation policies, improving the neighbourhood and immediate environment around the school, and promoting positive parenting programmes can improve mental health in childhood.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This study was funded by Grants from the European Union (FP7-ENV-2011 code 282957 and HEALTH.2010.2.4.5-1), Spain Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (Red INMA G03/176, CB06/02/0041, FIS-FEDER PI03/1615, PI04/1509, PI04/1112, PI04/1931, PI05/1079, PI05/1052, PI06/0867, PI06/1213, PI07/0314, PI09/00090, PI09/02647, PI11/01007, PI11/02591, PI11/02038, PI13/1944, PI13/2032, PI13/02187, PI14/00891, PI14/01687, PI16/1288, PI17/00663, and PI19/01338), Generalitat Valenciana Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO) (UGP 15-230, UGP-15-244, and UGP-15-249), Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Department of Health of the Basque Government (2005111093, 2009111069, 2013111089 and 2015111065), and the Provincial Government of Gipuzkoa (DFG06/002, DFG08/001 and DFG15/221) and annual agreements with the municipalities of the study area (Zumarraga, Urretxu, Legazpi, Azkoitia, Azpeitia, and Beasain)

Diagnostic performance of GENEDIA W and ActiveXpress+ COVID-19 antigens tests among symptomatic individuals in Peru and The United Kingdom

Objectives: In order to generate independent performance data regarding accuracy of COVID-19 antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs), prospective diagnostic evaluation studies across multiple sites are required to evaluate their performance in different clinical settings. This report describes the clinical evaluation the GENEDIA W COVID-19 Ag Device (Green Cross Medical Science Corp., Chungbuk, Korea) and the ActiveXpress+ COVID-19 Complete Testing Kit (Edinburgh Genetics Ltd, UK), in two testing sites Peru and the United Kingdom. Methods: Nasopharyngeal swabs collected from 456 symptomatic patients at primary points of care in Lima, Peru and 610 symptomatic participants at a COVID-19 Drive-Through testing site in Liverpool, England were analyzed by Ag-RDT and compared to RT-PCR. Analytical evaluation of both Ag-RDTs was assessed using serial dilutions of direct culture supernatant of a clinical SARS-CoV-2 isolate from the B.1.1.7 lineage. Results: For GENEDIA brand, the values of overall sensitivity and specificity were 60.4% [95% CI 52.4–67.9%], and 99.2% [95% CI 97.6–99.7%] respectively; and for Active Xpress+ the overall values of sensitivity and specificity were 66.2% [95% CI 54.0–76.5%], and 99.6% [95% CI 97.9–99.9%] respectively. The analytical limit of detection was determined at 5.0 x 102 pfu/ml what equals to approximately 1.0 x 104 gcn/ml for both Ag-RDTs. The UK cohort had lower median Ct values compared to that of Peru during both evaluations. When split by Ct, both Ag-RDTs had optimum sensitivities at Ct<20 (in Peru; 95% [95% CI 76.4–99.1%] and 100.0% [95% CI 74.1–100.0%] and in the UK; 59.2% [95% CI 44.2–73.0%] and 100.0% [95% CI 15.8–100.0%], for the GENDIA and the ActiveXpress+, respectively). Conclusions: Whilst the overall clinical sensitivity of the Genedia did not meet WHO minimum performance requirements for rapid immunoassays in either cohort, the ActiveXpress+ did so for the small UK cohort. This study illustrates comparative performance of Ag-RDTs across two global settings and considers the different approaches in evaluation methods

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Enerfrú: generación de un producto orientado a mejorar la nutrición deportiva en Bogotá

Aunque la tendencia en el número de atletas aficionados se encuentra en ascenso, este desarrollo no impacta en la misma proporción la conciencia de incluir hábitos nutricionales apropiados dentro del plan de entrenamiento. Según entrevista realizada a un atleta aficionado, que cumple con su programa de entrenamiento y nutrición (Velez, 2013), los atletas aficionados cuentan con una estricta disciplina en la práctica de su rutina deportiva; sin embargo, esta misma conducta no resulta replicable al momento de asegurar el cumplimiento del régimen alimentario, que incluye cinco bloques nutricionales (3 comidas principales y 2 raciones suplementarias) compuestos por proteínas, carbohidratos y glucosaIntroducción. Estado del arte. Presentación. Marco Teórico. Metodología. Plan de marketing. Modelo financiero. Conclusiones. Bibliografía. Lista de ilustraciones y tablas.Magister en Dirección de Marketing. CESA.Maestrí

Plan de marketing Enerfrú : tómate un minuto de nutrición

Conocer de manera integral el entorno e identificar aquellos factores que apalancan o dificultan el cumplimiento de objetivos de una compañía, resulta clave para la toma de decisión y generación de estrategias empresariales.Análisis externo. Análisis interno. Objetivos. Estrategias. Marketing MIX. Modelo financiero. Estrategia de control. Plan de contingencia. Conclusiones. Bibliografía. Anexos. Lista de ilustraciones. Lista de tablas.Magister en Dirección de Marketing. CESA.Máster en Dirección de Marketing y Gestión Comercial, ESIC.Maestrí

Servicios ecosistémicos: un enfoque introductorio con experiencias del occidente colombiano

Con el interés de transmitir y apropiar diversas comunidades en temáticas asociadas a los servicios ecosistémicos, el presente libro entrega 15 capítulos que aproximarán al lector hacia la conceptualización y apropiación de conocimientos básicos,&nbsp; asociados a los diversos servicios ecosistémicos brindados generosamente por la naturaleza. El capítulo 1, Introducción al estado del arte de los servicios ecosistémicos en la región occidental colombiana, introduce al lector hacia la apropiación conceptual de los servicios ecosistémicos, contando experiencias relevantes del contexto colombiano. Los 14 capítulos posteriores también tendrán una fase introductoria, estudios de caso basados en experiencias del occidente colombiano y resultados de investigaciones realizadas por los autores. En estos capítulos, el lector encontrará información relevante sobre cuatro grupos de servicios ecosistémicos: abastecimiento, regulación, apoyo y culturales. Este libro es el resultado del arduo trabajo consolidado por un equipo interdisciplinario que, a partir de la integración de saberes y resultados de investigación, logró construir un material de lenguaje sencillo que se espera sea de gran utilidad para diversos lectores interesados en apropiarse del conocimiento básico, orientado hacia la familiarización y el compromiso con la protección de los ecosistemas y sus servicios

Correction to: Comparative effectiveness and safety of non-vitamin K antagonists for atrial fibrillation in clinical practice: GLORIA-AF Registry

International audienceIn this article, the name of the GLORIA-AF investigator Anastasios Kollias was given incorrectly as Athanasios Kollias in the Acknowledgements. The original article has been corrected

Patterns of oral anticoagulant use and outcomes in Asian patients with atrial fibrillation: a post-hoc analysis from the GLORIA-AF Registry

Background: Previous studies suggested potential ethnic differences in the management and outcomes of atrial fibrillation (AF). We aim to analyse oral anticoagulant (OAC) prescription, discontinuation, and risk of adverse outcomes in Asian patients with AF, using data from a global prospective cohort study. Methods: From the GLORIA-AF Registry Phase II-III (November 2011-December 2014 for Phase II, and January 2014-December 2016 for Phase III), we analysed patients according to their self-reported ethnicity (Asian vs. non-Asian), as well as according to Asian subgroups (Chinese, Japanese, Korean and other Asian). Logistic regression was used to analyse OAC prescription, while the risk of OAC discontinuation and adverse outcomes were analysed through Cox-regression model. Our primary outcome was the composite of all-cause death and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). The original studies were registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01468701, NCT01671007, and NCT01937377. Findings: 34,421 patients were included (70.0&nbsp;±&nbsp;10.5 years, 45.1% females, 6900 (20.0%) Asian: 3829 (55.5%) Chinese, 814 (11.8%) Japanese, 1964 (28.5%) Korean and 293 (4.2%) other Asian). Most of the Asian patients were recruited in Asia (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;6701, 97.1%), while non-Asian patients were mainly recruited in Europe (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;15,449, 56.1%) and North America (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;8378, 30.4%). Compared to non-Asian individuals, prescription of OAC and non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) was lower in Asian patients (Odds Ratio [OR] and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI): 0.23 [0.22-0.25] and 0.66 [0.61-0.71], respectively), but higher in the Japanese subgroup. Asian ethnicity was also associated with higher risk of OAC discontinuation (Hazard Ratio [HR] and [95% CI]: 1.79 [1.67-1.92]), and lower risk of the primary composite outcome (HR [95% CI]: 0.86 [0.76-0.96]). Among the exploratory secondary outcomes, Asian ethnicity was associated with higher risks of thromboembolism and intracranial haemorrhage, and lower risk of major bleeding. Interpretation: Our results showed that Asian patients with AF showed suboptimal thromboembolic risk management and a specific risk profile of adverse outcomes; these differences may also reflect differences in country-specific factors. Ensuring integrated and appropriate treatment of these patients is crucial to improve their prognosis. Funding: The GLORIA-AF Registry was funded by Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH