77 research outputs found

    Torre Vidal Quadras: història i arquitectura

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    Hi havia diverses raons per a endegar aquest projecte sobre la Torre Vidal Quadras. En primer lloc, la possibilitat de triar un edifici que reunís tots els requisits exigits per a formar part de l’Arxiu de Patrimoni Arquitectònic de Catalunya (APAC). En segon lloc, la conveniència d’obtenir dades de l’edifici perquè es tracta d’un bé públic al qual no hi hauria problemes d’accés. Però el principal motiu per a portar a terme aquest projecte és el desig de conèixer amb més profunditat l’esmentat edifici, donat que des de petit va ser en aquesta escola on vaig iniciar els meus estudis d'educació primària. Des de bon començament l’edifici em va semblar una obra molt característica i amb molta personalitat. Tinc l’esperança de poder ampliar els meus coneixements sobre l’edifici i millorar les meves habilitats a l’hora de la presa de dades i, principalment, a l’hora de dibuixar els plànols per portar a terme un aixecament gràfic de dimensions tan importants. La complexitat i peculiaritat de l’edifici suposen un repte pel que fa a les dimensions i la qualitat dels detalls. L’objectiu principal d’aquest projecte és un estudi històric i gràfic sobre l’esmentat edifici, la Torre Vidal Quadras. Mitjançant l’alçament gràfic pretenc determinar i representar l’estat actual de l’edifici, analitzar les possibles diferències en comparació amb el projecte original així com tenir una visió de la seva evolució històrica i arquitectònica al llarg de la seva història. Un segon objectiu és l’oportunitat de col·laborar amb els meus coneixements adquirits a la universitat per a incloure aquest estudi en l'Arxiu de Patrimoni Arquitectònic de Catalunya (APAC) de l’ Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. El treball es centrarà en l'edifici original, descartant les ampliacions que es van fer posteriorment. Per a aconseguir els objectius assenyalats, analitzaré el context històric i geogràfic existent durant l’execució de l’edifici, així com detalls de la seva construcció, la seva evolució fins als nostres dies i la biografia de l’arquitecte. Per poder portar a terme tot això he realitzat un treball de recerca d’informació mitjançant documents de l’època, així com estudis i treballs realitzats en l’actualitat. Es fa igualment una explicació de la metodologia i els mitjans emprats durant aquests mesos, tot anant recollint-los a les actes aixecades a cada visita

    Molecular and thermodynamic properties of zwitterions versus ionic liquids: A comprehensive computational analysis to develop advanced separation processes

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    WILEY: "This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: ChemPhysChem 19.7 (2018): 801-815, which has been published in final form at http://doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201701093. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions." Este artículo apareció anteriormente con el siguiente título "Exploring molecular and thermodynamic properties of zwitterions vs ionic liquids: A comprehensive computational analysis to develop advanced separation processes"Zwitterion ionic liquids (ZIs) are compounds in which both counterions are covalently tethered, conferring them with unique characteristics; however, most of their properties are still unknown, representing a bottleneck to exploit their practical applications. Herein, the molecular and fluid properties of ZIs and their mixtures were explored by means of quantum chemical analysis based on the density functional theory (DFT) and COSMO-RS method, and compared against homologous ionic liquids (ILs) to provide a comprehensive overview of the effect of the distinct structures on their physicochemical and thermodynamic behavior. Overall, ZIs were revealed as compounds with higher polarity and stronger hydrogen-bonding capacity, implying higher density, viscosity, melting point, and even lower volatility than structurally similar ILs. The phase equilibrium of binary and ternary systems supports stronger attractive interactions between ZIs and polar compounds, whereas higher liquid–liquid immiscibility with nonpolar compounds may be expected. Ultimately, the performance of ZIs in the wider context of separation processes is illustrated, while providing molecular insights to allow their selection and design for relevant applicationsThe authors would like to acknowledge to Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid for the Project S2013/MAE-2800 and to Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) of Spain for financial support of Projects CTQ2014-52288-R. We are very grateful to Centro de Computación Científica de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid for computational facilities. We all would like to acknowledge kind support in the framework of the COST Action EXIL-Exchange on Ionic Liquids (CM1206)

    Neuro-occlusal stimulation, a crucial effect on the asymmetric development of the paediatric stomatognathic system.: A 3D morphological and insilico study.

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    A statistical study of the relationship between the neuro-occlusal stimulus produced in paediatric patients with unilateral bitting and the abnormal stomatognathic system growth is proposed to improve early treatments and avoid surgical treatments later in life. Therefore, 3D morphological and finite element analyses were performed to study malformations and function imbalances, respectively

    Compression failure characterization of cancellous bone combining experimental testing, digital image correlation and finite element modeling

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    [EN] Cancellous bone yield strain has been reported in the literature to be relatively constant and independent from microstructure and apparent density, while fracture strain shows higher scattering. The objective of this work is to assess this hypothesis, characterizing the compression fracture in cancellous bone from a numerical approach and relating it to morphological parameters. Quasi-static compression fractures of cancellous bone samples are modeled using high-resolution image-based finite elements, correlating the numerical models and experimental results. The yield strain and the strain at fracture are inferred from the micro-CT-based finite element models by inverse analysis. The validation of the fracture models is carried out through digital image correlation (DIC). To develop this work, cancellous bone parallelepiped-shaped specimens were prepared and micro-CT scanned at 22 mu m spatial resolution. A morphometric analysis was carried out for each specimen in order to characterize its microstructure. Quasi-static compression tests were conducted, recording the force-displacement response and a sequence of images during testing for the application of the DIC technique. This was applied without the need of a speckle pattern benefiting from the irregular microstructure of cancellous bone. The finite element models are also used to simulate the local fracture of trabeculae at the micro level using a combination of continuum damage mechanics and the element deletion technique. Equivalent strain, computed both from DIC and micro-FE, was the best predictor of the compression fracture pattern. The procedure followed in this work permits the estimation of failure parameters that are difficult to measure experimentally, which can be used in numerical models.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades grant numbers DPI2013-46641-R and DPI2017-89197-C2-2-R and the Generalitat Valenciana (Programme PROMETEO 2016/007). The micro-CT acquisitions were performed at CENIEH facilities with the collaboration of CENIEH staff. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the collaboration of Ms. Lucia Gomez.Belda, R.; Palomar-Toledano, M.; Peris Serra, JL.; Vercher Martínez, A.; Giner Maravilla, E. (2020). Compression failure characterization of cancellous bone combining experimental testing, digital image correlation and finite element modeling. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences. 165:1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2019.105213S112165Gold, D. T. (2001). The Nonskeletal Consequences of Osteoporotic Fractures. 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A Review of Surface Deformation and Strain Measurement Using Two-Dimensional Digital Image Correlation. Metrology and Measurement Systems, 23(3), 461-480. doi:10.1515/mms-2016-0028Palanca, M., Tozzi, G., & Cristofolini, L. (2015). The use of digital image correlation in the biomechanical area: a review. International Biomechanics, 3(1), 1-21. doi:10.1080/23335432.2015.1117395Grassi, L., & Isaksson, H. (2015). Extracting accurate strain measurements in bone mechanics: A critical review of current methods. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 50, 43-54. doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.06.006Bayraktar, H. H., Morgan, E. F., Niebur, G. L., Morris, G. E., Wong, E. K., & Keaveny, T. M. (2004). Comparison of the elastic and yield properties of human femoral trabecular and cortical bone tissue. Journal of Biomechanics, 37(1), 27-35. doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(03)00257-4Carretta, R., Stüssi, E., Müller, R., & Lorenzetti, S. (2013). 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    Towards an early 3D-diagnosis of craniofacial asymmetry by computing the accurate midplane: A PCA-based method

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    Background and objective: Craniofacial asymmetry is a common growth disorder often caused by unilateral chewing. Although an early orthodontic treatment would avoid surgical procedures later in life, the uncertainty of defining the accurate sagittal midplane potentially leads to misdiagnosis and therefore inaccurate orthodontic treatment plans. This novel study aims to 3D-diagnose craniofacial complex malformations in children with unilateral crossbite (UXB) considering a midplane which compensates the asymmetric morphology. Methods: The sagittal midplane of 20 children, fifteen of whom exhibited UXB, was computed by a PCA- based method which compensates the asymmetry mirroring the 3D models obtained from cone-beam computed tomography data. Once determined, one side of the data was mirrored using the computed midplane to visualize the malformations on the hard and soft tissues by 3D-computing the distances between both halves. Additionally, 31 skull’s landmarks were manually placed in each model to study the principal variation modes and the significant differences in the group of subjects with and without UXB through PCA and Mann-Whitney U test analyses respectively. Results: Morphological 3D-analysis showed pronounced deformities and aesthetic implications for patients with severe asymmetry (jaw deviation > 0.8 mm) in whole craniofacial system, while initial signs of asymmetry were found indistinctly in the mandible or maxilla. We detected significant ( p < 0.05) malformations for example in mandibular ramus length (0.0086), maxillary palate width (0.0481) and condylar head width (0.0408). Craniofacial malformations increased the landmarks’ variability in the group of patients with UXB over the control group requiring 8 variation modes more to define 99% of the sample’ variability. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated the viability of early diagnosis of craniofacial asymmetry through computing the accurate sagittal midplane which compensates the individual’s asymmetrical morphology. Furthermore, this study provides important computational insights into the determination of craniofacial deformities which are caused by UXB, following some empirical findings of previous clinical studies. Hence, this computational approach can be useful for the development of new software in craniofacial surgery or for its use in biomedical research and clinical practice

    Biomechanical Evaluation of Neuro-occlusal Rehabilitation for Occlusal Imbalance Correction in Children with Facial Asymmetry

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    Contemporary eating habits may cause malformations in children jaw, that are difficult to evaluate and treat clinically. In this work, a computational methodology for the diagnosis and the treatment of this pathology is proposed. It combines porous-fibrous material models, medical devices and computational models of patients with facial asymmetries from the perspective of neuro-occlusal rehabilitation

    The Innate Immune Cell Profile of the Cornea Predicts the Onset of Ocular Surface Inflammatory Disorders

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    Ocular surface inflammatory disorder (OSID) is a spectrum of disorders that have features of several etiologies whilst displaying similar phenotypic signs of ocular inflammation. They are complicated disorders with underlying mechanisms related to several autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjogren's syndrome, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Current literature shows the involvement of both innate and adaptive arms of the immune system in ocular surface inflammation. The ocular surface contains distinct components of the immune system in the conjunctiva and the cornea. The normal conjunctiva epithelium and sub-epithelial stroma contains resident immune cells, such as T cells, B cells (adaptive), dendritic cells, and macrophages (innate). The relative sterile environment of the cornea is achieved by the tolerogenic properties of dendritic cells in the conjunctiva, the presence of regulatory lymphocytes, and the existence of soluble immunosuppressive factors, such as the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and macrophage migration inhibitory factors. With the presence of both innate and adaptive immune system components, it is intriguing to investigate the most important leukocyte population in the ocular surface, which is involved in immune surveillance. Our meta-analysis investigates into this with a focus on both infectious (contact lens wear, corneal graft rejection, Cytomegalovirus, keratitis, scleritis, ocular surgery) and non-infectious (dry eye disease, glaucoma, graft-vs-host disease, Sjogren's syndrome) situations. We have found the predominance of dendritic cells in ocular surface diseases, along with the Th-related cytokines. Our goal is to improve the knowledge of immune cells in OSID and to open new dimensions in the field. The purpose of this study is not to limit ourselves in the ocular system, but to investigate the importance of dendritic cells in the disorders of other mucosal organs (e.g., lungs, gut, uterus). Holistically, we want to investigate if this is a common trend in the initiation of any disease related to the mucosal organs and find a unified therapeutic approach. In addition, we want to show the power of computational approaches to foster a collaboration between computational and biological science

    Editorial independence and conflict of interest in clinical practice guidelines on care of ulcers and chronic wounds

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    Objective: to evaluate the editorial independence and declaration of conflicts of interest expressed in the Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) on prevention and treatment of ulcers and chronic wounds. Methodology: systematic review of current national and international GPCs on vascular leg ulcers (VLU), diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), pressure ulcers (PU) and malignant ulcers (MU). Evaluation Domain 6 (item # 22 and # 23) AGREE II Instrument (Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation). Review by 6 experts and intra-observer analysis. Results: 26 CPGs were analyzed (12 on PU, 7 on DFU, 6 on VLU and 1 on MU). 80.7% of CPGs were international publications. 10 CPG fully complied with the Dominion 6 AGREE II, 13 did so partially, and 3 not comply. Relating to item 22 (editorial independence), the average value achieved was 62.5%, while for item 23 (conflicts of interest) an 83.92% was obtained. Conclusions: 73% of CPGs comply successfully the Domain 6 AGREE II; Still, GPC-UVP should raise their standard of editorial quality. The item 22 (editorial independence) was the least fulfilled and the most difficult to assess by reviewers, it must be a section to improve in future editions of CPGs. Keywords: clinical practice guidelines, editorial independence, conflict of interest, ethics, AGREE, ulcers.Comunicación - póster presentada en: 27th Conference of the European Wound Management Association (EWMA 2017) in cooperation with WCS Knowledge Centre Wound Care: "Change, opportunities and challenges - Wound management in changing healthcare systems" celebrado en Amsterdam (The Neatherlands), el 3 y 5 de Mayo 2017

    Dermatological nursing. Design of editorial and scientific improvement (2007-2015)

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    Aim: To analyze the scientific production of the Dermatological Nursing Journal until 2015. Method: Descriptive and bibliometric study of all the published articles from January 2007 to December 2015 in the Dermatological Nursing journal, accessible to full text on the website of the “Asociación Nacional de Enfermería Dermatológica e Investigación del Deterioro de Integridad Cutánea (ANEDIDIC)”. Valuation of contents through the peer review system and an ad hoc listing. The data were tabulated in EXCEL for their descriptive statistical analysis. Results / Discussion: During the 9 years analyzed, a total of 26 issues and 205 articles have been published; scientific publishing (3%), dermatological training articles (24%), original articles (25%), clinical cases (20%), scientific papers (3%), scientific recommendations (7%), of them were letters to the director (3%). The most used clinical topic was the approach of the skin integrity deterioration, chronic ulcers and wounds, especially pressure ulcers (45%), in both, editorial and original article, review or clinical case. The profile of the first author is preferably a male (58%), and nurse specializing Master (52%). Dermatological Nursing, is a scientific journal. It is specialized in dermatology, ulcers and wounds, published since 2007. In 2012, the peer review system was incorporated, improving its editorial and scientific quality, indexing the full text in the DIALNET repository. Since 2013 it is being widespread in Latin America through the Latindex Directory; in 2014 an own ethical code is established, the editorial committee is enlarged, the first scientific editorial is published and it is available, exclusively, in electronic format. In 2015, it was indexed in the CUIDEN database, which improves its impact. The published articles are mainly secondary sources (evidences, recommendations, consensuses, experiences, etc.). The improvement plan includes promoting a greater production of original articles, clinical trials (primary sources), as well as the participation of more external authors to ANEDIDIC. Conclusion: The peer review rigorousness, the establishment of an own ethical code and the expansion of the Editorial Committee have allowed an improvement in the editorial quality of the journal, which in turn, has increased exponentially its national and international diffusion.Comunicación - póster presentada en: 27th Conference of the European Wound Management Association (EWMA 2017) in cooperation with WCS Knowledge Centre Wound Care: "Change, opportunities and challenges - Wound management in changing healthcare systems" celebrado en Amsterdam (The Neatherlands), el 3 y 5 de Mayo 2017
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