Display interface concepts for automated fault diagnosis

An effort which investigated concepts for displaying dynamic system status and fault history (propagation) information to the flight crew is described. This investigation was performed by developing several candidate display formats and then conducting comprehension tests to determine those characteristics that made one format preferable to another for presenting this type of information. Twelve subjects participated. Flash tests, or limited time exposure tests, were used to determine the subjects' comprehension of the information presented in the display formats. It was concluded from the results of the comprehension tests that pictographs were more comprehensible than both block diagrams and text for presenting dynamic system status and fault history information, and that pictographs were preferred over both block diagrams and text. It was also concluded that the addition of this type of information in the cockpit would help the crew remain aware of the status of their aircraft

Grass Finished Beef: Melding Production and Marketing [1]

Palmer Farms Beef is a family farm near Murray KY, owned by Michael and Stacie Palmer. We produce, and retail around 40 beef per year

Combination treatment of epilepsy with ketogenic diet and concurrent pharmacological inhibition of cytochrome P450 2E1

The final publication is available at Elsevier via http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2013.01.011 © 2013. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/While most epileptic patients respond to treatment with existing antiepileptic drugs, there remains a considerable number of patients in whom these drugs do not suffice. Such patients, particularly children, are often treated using the ketogenic diet. This diet imposes a strict limit on carbohydrates; while providing for adequate protein, most of the calories are supplied as triacylglycerol, much of which is metabolized to ketone bodies. Animal experiments have provided evidence that the anticonvulsant effect of the ketogenic diet is mediated by acetone and correlates with blood acetone levels. Acetone can be converted in vivo to glucose via acetol and pyruvate; the initial conversion to acetol is catalyzed by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1). When CYP2E1 knockout mice are subjected to starvation to induce ketogenesis, they develop blood acetone levels much higher than those observed in wild-type mice. Similarly, pharmacological inhibition of CYP2E1 significantly increases blood acetone levels in rat and man. Taken together, these observations suggest that pharmacological inhibition of CYP2E1 has the potential to significantly increase the antiepileptic effect of the ketogenic diet. With patients that respond insufficiently to the diet alone, increased acetone levels may improve response. With patients who respond sufficiently to the diet, CYP2E1 inhibitors might allow a relaxation of the fairly severe diet regimen and so improve compliance and quality of life. An existing inhibitor of CYP2E1 is the drug disulfiram. This drug also inhibits the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase, which functions in alcohol degradation, and in this capacity has long been used in the treatment of alcohol addiction. Disulfiram inhibits CYP2E1 at conventional therapeutic dosages and increases blood acetone levels in humans and animals. It should therefore be a viable candidate for the proposed drug/diet combination treatment