The counter-streaming instability in dwarf ellipticals with off-center nuclei

n many nucleated dwarf elliptical galaxies (dE,N's), the nucleus is offset by a significant fraction of the scale radius with respect to the center of the outer isophotes. Using a high-resolution N-body simulation, we demonstrate that the nucleus can be driven off-center by the m=1 counterstreaming instability, which is strong in flattened stellar systems with zero rotation. The model develops a nuclear offset on the order of 30% of the exponential scale length. We compare our numerical results with the photometry and kinematics of FCC 046, a Fornax Cluster dE,N with a nucleus offset by 1.2" we find good agreement between the model and FCC 046. We also discuss mechanisms that may cause counterrotation in dE,N's and conclude that the destruction of box orbits in an initially triaxial galaxy is the most promising.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Ising Field Theory on a Pseudosphere

We show how the symmetries of the Ising field theory on a pseudosphere can be exploited to derive the form factors of the spin fields as well as the non-linear differential equations satisfied by the corresponding two-point correlation functions. The latter are studied in detail and, in particular, we present a solution to the so-called connection problem relating two of the singular points of the associated Painleve VI equation. A brief discussion of the thermodynamic properties is also presented.Comment: 39 pages, 6 eps figures, uses harvma

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitory effects of candidate MAO inhibitors found in cigarette smoke.

There is strong evidence that tobacco smoke inhibits both MAO A and MAO B isoforms in the body. However, which components of cigarette smoke are responsible for MAO inhibition is not clear yet. Our group has identified six previously unidentified candidate MAO inhibitors from the tobacco smoke. The MAO inhibitory effects of these candidate inhibitors were compared with that of nicotine and TPM (Tobacco Particulate Matter). An SH-SY5Y cell line was exposed to different regimens of ethanol (control), nicotine, TPM and the cocktail of candidate inhibitors. A final concentration 0.2 μM nicotine was used and the concentration of each candidate inhibitor was relative to that originally found in TPM. We found that nicotine did not have any significant MAO inhibitory effect compared to the control. TPM inhibited overall MAO activity by 39%, while the MAO inhibition by cocktail of candidate inhibitors was 47%. The results suggest that the candidate inhibitors identified by our group are the major contributors to the total MAO inhibitory activity depicted by cigarette smoke and potentially unlocks the mystery behind the components responsible for MAO inhibition by cigarette smoke in smokers

Form factors of twist fields in the lattice Dirac theory

We study U(1) twist fields in a two-dimensional lattice theory of massive Dirac fermions. Factorized formulas for finite-lattice form factors of these fields are derived using elliptic parametrization of the spectral curve of the model, elliptic determinant identities and theta functional interpolation. We also investigate the thermodynamic and the infinite-volume scaling limit, where the corresponding expressions reduce to form factors of the exponential fields of the sine-Gordon model at the free-fermion point.Comment: 20 pages, 2 figure

Mass Hierarchy, Mixing, CP-Violation and Higgs Decay---or Why Rotation is Good for Us

The idea of a rank-one rotating mass matrix (R2M2) is reviewed detailing how it leads to ready explanations both for the fermion mass hierarchy and for the distinctive mixing patterns between up and down fermion states, which can be and have been tested against experiment and shown to be fully consistent with existing data. Further, R2M2 is seen to offer, as by-products: (i) a new solution of the strong CP problem in QCD by linking the theta-angle there to the Kobayashi-Maskawa CP-violating phase in the CKM matrix, and (ii) some novel predictions of possible anomalies in Higgs decay observable in principle at the LHC. A special effort is made to answer some questions raised.Comment: 47 pages, 9 figure

Research Notes : Genes y9 and y11 for similar chlorophyll deficiencies prove to be non-allelic

T219H and Tl35, two of the more vigorous chlorophyll-deficient types in the Genetic Type Collection, both have distinctly light green foliage through-out their life cycle. They are controlled by different genes since the Tl35 phenotype is caused by a homozygote, y9y9 (Probst, 1950), and the T219H phenotype by a heterozygote, Y11Y11 (Y11Y11 has a bright orange-yellow seedling-lethal phenotype) (Weber and Weiss, 1959). However, because of the similar phenotypes, it has been suggested that y9 and y11 may be multiple alleles at the same locus

Reliability and Relationships between Supine Medicine Ball Throw Kinetics and Vertical Jump Height

Supine medicine ball throw (SMBT) assessments have been used previously to evaluate upper-body explosive strength in young adults. Kinetic variables, such as peak force and rate of force development (RFD), can be measured during a SMBT. These variables have been suggested to be important predictors of athletic performance capacities. However, limited data exist regarding the reliability of SMBT peak force and RFD measurements and how they associate with performance during a vertical jump (VJ) test. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of SMBT variables and their relationship with VJ height. METHODS: Twenty young, healthy women (age = 21 ± 3 years) volunteered for this study. Participants reported for testing on two different occasions, separated by 2-7 days at approximately the same time of day (± 2 hours). For each testing session, participants completed three VJs followed by three SMBT assessments. All VJs were performed on a jump mat. The jump mat measured VJ height (cm) based on flight time. For the SMBTs, participants laid on a force plate in the supine position with their hands on the ball (2.7 kg) and knees and hips flexed at 90º. Participants were instructed to throw the ball explosively upward with as much force as possible, using a motion similar to a basketball chest pass. The vertical force signal (N) from the force plate was recorded during each throw and used to measure peak force and RFD variables. Peak force was calculated as the highest force value. RFDmax was calculated as the highest slope for any 20 ms epoch that occurred over the rising portion of the force signal. RFD30% and RFD40-80% were calculated as the linear slope of the force signal from the onset of the throw to 30% peak force and from 40% to 80% peak force, respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated between sessions to assess the reliability of SMBT peak force and RFD variables. The relationships between these variables and VJ height were assessed by Pearson correlation coefficients (r). RESULTS: The ICC for SMBT RFD30% was 0.55. This ICC was considerably lower than the ICCs for the other SMBT variables (0.82-0.88). The CV value for SMBT RFD30% was 27.2%, whereas the CV values for SMBT peak force, RFDmax, and RFD40-80% were all less than or equal to 14.0%. There were significant relationships between VJ height and SMBT peak force (r = 0.483, P = 0.031), RFDmax (r = 0.484, P = 0.031), and RFD40-80% (r = 0.491, P = 0.028); however, there was no significant relationship between VJ height and RFD30% (r = 0.359, P = 0.120). CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrated that SMBT peak force, RFDmax, and RFD40-80% were reliable measures for assessing upper-body explosive strength in young, healthy adults. These measurements were significantly associated with VJ height and therefore, may be effective parameters at predicting a person’s jumping ability and overall athletic performance potential. RFD30% was unreliable and not significantly correlated with VJ height. As a result, this variable should not be used as a performance measure when conducting SMBT assessments

The Value of PIC Cystography in Detecting De Novo and Residual Vesicoureteral Reflux after Dextranomer/Hyaluronic Acid Copolymer Injection

The endoscopic injection of Dx/HA in the management of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) has become an accepted alternative to open surgery. In the current study we evaluated the value of cystography to detect de novo contralateral VUR in unilateral cases of VUR at the time of Dx/HA injection and correlated the findings of immediate post-Dx/HA injection cystography during the same anesthesia to 2-month postoperative VCUG to evaluate its ability to predict successful surgical outcomes. The current study aimed to evaluate whether an intraoperatively performed cystogram could replace postoperative studies. But a negative intraoperative cystogram correlates with the postoperative study in only 80%. Considering the 75–80% success rate of Dx/HA implantation, the addition of intraoperative cystograms cannot replace postoperative studies. In patients treated with unilateral VUR, PIC cystography can detect occult VUR and prevent postoperative contralateral new onset of VUR