Children show neural sensitivity to facial trustworthiness as measured by fast periodic visual stimulation

Acknowledgements We would like to thank Mirha Khan for helping to test pilot participants. Funding This research was supported by an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship to SS, and Australian Research Council (ARC) Discovery Early Career Research Award to C.S. [DE190101043], ARC Discovery Project to C.S. and R.P. [DP220101026], and R.P. and L. J. [DP140101743].Peer reviewedPostprin

Trustworthiness perception is mandatory : Task instructions do not modulate fast periodic visual stimulation trustworthiness responses

Acknowledgments The authors thank Bruno Rossion, Joan Liu-Shuang, Talia Retter, and Amy Dawel for their advice and helpful discussions, and Alex Todorov for providing the face stimuli. Supported by an RTP scholarship from the University of Western Australia to DS, an Australian Research Council (ARC) Discovery Early Career Research Award to CS (DE190101043), and ARC Discovery Projects to CS and RP (DP170104602) and RP (DP140101743).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Tendencias regionalizadoras en la Uni\uf3n Europea: una realidad asim\ue9trica

Analisi comparata dei rapporti tra regioni e Unione europea e delle reciproche influenz

Karyotype, DNA content and meiotic behaviour in five South American species of Vicia (Fabaceae)

This paper presents the karyotype, DNA content and meiotic behaviour of five species of Vicia from Argentina (V. macrograminea Burk., V. graminea SM., V. epetiolaris Burk., V. pampicola Burk. and V. nana Vog.). All the species have the same chromosome number and karyotype formula (2n = 14; 6 m + 4 st + 4 t). Each species, however, displays a characteristic number and position of the nucleolar organizer region (NOR) and different sizes of the respective satellites, confirmed by Ag-NOR banding. Moreover, significant differences were found in the total chromosome volume (TCV) and DNA content of the species. Positive correlations between DNA content and TCV, and between DNA content and type of life cycle were also found. TCV and DNA content are lower in V. nana (annual) and higher in V. macrograminea (biennial-perennial). The material displayed marked karyotypic orthoselection, with similar karyotypes in all studied species, even when the overall chromosome size varied. Evolutionary changes in DNA amount are proportional to the relative length of each chromosome arm, maintaining karyotypic uniformity. Significant differences were found between the meiotic behaviour of V. graminea and that of the other species. V. graminea has a lower frequency of ring bivalents and chiasmata per cell, and also has a lower interstitial chiasma frequency. In general, the results are congruent with the morphological data reported for these species.Fil:Naranjo, C.A. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil:Ferrari, M.R. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil:Palermo, A.M. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil:Poggio, L. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina

Effects of microwave heating for the conservation of paper artworks contaminated with Aspergillus versicolor

The conservation of the cultural heritage, such as old books, manuscripts, paintings etc. is particularly important, for both their artistic and historical values. These types of materials are often exposed to usage or storage conditions where efficient biodeterioration mechanisms take place. Deterioration of these materials occurs naturally as a result of aging, but it can be accelerated by poor storage conditions (humidity) that lead to fungi growth and negative chemically effects. Firstly, this work concerns with isolation and identification of a fungal species that infects an 18th century book. The identification was based on morphological analysis made by light and SEM microscopy and on ribosomal DNA loci amplification and sequencing. One fungal strain, Aspergillus versicolor, was identified as responsible of book biodeterioration. Then, A. versicolor was used as biodeteriogen to contaminate paper samples exposed two degradation processes (exposure to wet atmosphere and to acidic attack) simulating storage conditions of 18th century book. Secondly, microwave heating at three different temperatures (30, 58 and 63 \uc2\ub0C) was applied on paper samples affected by spots originating from A. versicolor in order to evaluate the effectiveness of microwave in cleaning of artworks from fungi. Scanning electron microscopy and cellulose degree of polymerization were used for visual inspection and characterization of the paper samples before and after the treatments respectively. The best results were obtained by exposure of paper samples for few minutes at 58 and 63 \uc2\ub0C, while the lower temperature (30 \uc2\ub0C) didn\ue2\u80\u99t inhibit A. versicolor\ue2\u80\u99s growth

Reproductive versus floral isolation among morphologically similar Serapias L. species (Orchidaceae)

ISSN:0022-1503ISSN:1465-733

Denosumab discontinuation and the rebound phenomenon: A narrative review

Denosumab is a potent antiresorptive agent that substantially increases bone mineral density and reduces fracture rates at all skeletal sites for as long as it is administered. However, its favorable skeletal effects reverse quickly upon its discontinuation, because of a vast increase of osteoclast number and activity, which leads to a subsequent profound increase of bone turnover above pre-treatment values, a phenomenon commonly described as “rebound phenomenon”. More importantly, most patients experience rapid, profound bone loss due to this burst of bone resorption that may lead in a minority of these patients to occurrence of fractures, especially multiple vertebral fractures. Therefore, subsequent antiresorptive treatment is mandatory, although the optimal regimen is yet to be clarified. In the present review, we outline what is currently known regarding the negative effects of denosumab discontinuation on different aspects of bone status, the factors that may affect them, and strategies to prevent them. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland