Spin-echo entanglement protection from random telegraph noise

We analyze local spin-echo procedures to protect entanglement between two non-interacting qubits, each subject to pure-dephasing random telegraph noise. For superconducting qubits this simple model captures characteristic features of the effect of bistable impurities coupled to the device. An analytic expression for the entanglement dynamics is reported. Peculiar features related to the non-Gaussian nature of the noise already observed in the single qubit dynamics also occur in the entanglement dynamics for proper values of the ratio $g=v/\gamma$, between the qubit-impurity coupling strength and the switching rate of the random telegraph process, and of the separation between the pulses $\Delta t$. We find that the echo procedure may delay the disappearance of entanglement, cancel the dynamical structure of entanglement revivals and dark periods, and induce peculiar plateau-like behaviors of the concurrence.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure

Caratterizzazione di sensori a pixel per la rivelazione di particelle cariche nel rivelatore SuperB

Nel mio lavoro di tesi ho effettuato la caratterizzazione di due tipi di sensori a pixel per la rivelazione di particelle cariche nell’esperimento SuperB. I sensori a pixel sono stati studiati per un possibile impiego nel tracciatore di vertice (SVT), in quanto permettono di soddisfare le richieste di efficienza, risoluzione e radiation hardness del primo strato di rivelazione. Il primo tipo di sensore studiato è Apsel 3T1, che fa parte dei sensori monolitici attivi (MAPS), in cui l’elemento di rivelazione è realizzato in tecnologia CMOS nello stesso substrato dell’elettronica di lettura. Per la caratterizzazione di questo sensore sono stati realizzati vari chip contenenti ognuno due matrici 3x3 di pixel con output analogico. Per ogni chip è stata vista la risposta dei pixel alle sorgenti radioattive di 55Fe e 90Sr. A seguito della caratterizzazione in laboratorio, i chip sono stati posti su un fascio di pioni da 120 GeV di energia. Oltre ai chip caratterizzati in laboratorio, sono stati posti su fascio anche altri chip precedentemente irraggiati. I dati raccolti sono stati analizzati in seguito e sono state ricavate le curve di efficienza in funzione dell’energia rilasciata nel pixel e la curva di Landau del rilascio energetico. Infine sono stati confrontati i risultati per i chip non irraggiati e quelli irraggiati ed è stato valutato il danno dovuto all’irraggiamento. Il secondo sensore studiato è SuperPix0, che fa parte dei pixel ibridi, in cui invece l’elettronica di lettura è realizzata su un substrato diverso dall’elemento di rivelazione. Per questo tipo di sensore sono stati realizzati alcuni chip contenenti una matrice di 32x128 pixel. Per ogni chip sono state effettuate varie misure preliminari: sono state determinate la baseline e la dispersione in soglia effettuando uno scan di rumore su alcuni gruppi di pixel; è stato determinato il guadagno dei pixel tramite iniezione di cariche note; è stata valutata la risposta del sensore ad una sorgente di 90Sr. In seguito anche i chip di SuperPix0 sono stati posti su un fascio di pioni da 120 GeV e sono state ricavate le curve di efficienza in funzione dell’angolo di incidenza del fascio di pioni. La caratterizzazione di questi dispositivi è importante per lo sviluppo del progetto del layer più interno del rivelatore di SuperB

Open-loop quantum control of small-size networks for high-order cumulants and cross-correlations sensing

Quantum control techniques represent one of the most efficient tools to attain high-fidelity quantum operations and a convenient approach for quantum sensing and quantum noise spectroscopy. In this work, we investigate dynamical decoupling while processing an entangling two-qubit gate based on an Ising-xx interaction, each qubit being affected by pure dephasing classical correlated 1/ f -noises. To evaluate the gate error, we used the Magnus expansion introducing generalized filter functions that describe decoupling while processing and allow us to derive an approximate analytic expression as a hierarchy of nested integrals of noise cumulants. The error is separated in contributions of Gaussian and non-Gaussian noise, the corresponding generalized filter functions being calculated up to the fourth order. By exploiting the properties of selected pulse sequences, we show that it is possible to extract the second-order statistics (spectrum and cross-spectrum) and to highlight non-Gaussian features contained in the fourth-order cumulant. We discuss the applicability of these results to state-of-the-art small networks based on solid-state platforms.Comment: 19 pages, 7 figure

Treatment of patients with aortic atherosclerotic disease with paclitaxel-associated lipid nanoparticles

OBJECTIVE: The toxicity of anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agents can be reduced by associating these compounds, such as the anti-proliferative agent paclitaxel, with a cholesterol-rich nanoemulsion (LDE) that mimics the lipid composition of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). When injected into circulation, the LDE concentrates the carried drugs in neoplastic tissues and atherosclerotic lesions. In rabbits, atherosclerotic lesion size was reduced by 65% following LDE-paclitaxel treatment. The current study aimed to test the effectiveness of LDE-paclitaxel on inpatients with aortic atherosclerosis. METHODS: This study tested a 175 mg/m2 body surface area dose of LDE-paclitaxel (intravenous administration, 3/3 weeks for 6 cycles) in patients with aortic atherosclerosis who were aged between 69 and 86 yrs. A control group of 9 untreated patients with aortic atherosclerosis (72-83 yrs) was also observed. RESULTS: The LDE-paclitaxel treatment elicited no important clinical or laboratory toxicities. Images were acquired via multiple detector computer tomography angiography (64-slice scanner) before treatment and at 1-2 months after treatment. The images showed that the mean plaque volume in the aortic artery wall was reduced in 4 of the 8 patients, while in 3 patients it remained unchanged and in one patient it increased. In the control group, images were acquired twice with an interval of 6-8 months. None of the patients in this group exhibited a reduction in plaque volume; in contrast, the plaque volume increased in three patients and remained stable in four patients. During the study period, one death unrelated to the treatment occurred in the LDE-paclitaxel group and one death occurred in the control group. CONCLUSION: Treatment with LDE-paclitaxel was tolerated by patients with cardiovascular disease and showed the potential to reduce atherosclerotic lesion size

Resultados materno-fetales en la inducción del trabajo de parto con Misoprostol en pacientes con embarazos prolongados, del servicio de Ginecoobstetricia Hospital José Nieborowsky, Boaco, Enero–diciembre 2018

Al “Determinar los Resultados materno-fetales en la inducción del trabajo de parto con Misoprostol en pacientes con embarazos prolongados, del servicio de Ginecoobstetricia Hospital José Nieborowsky, Boaco, Enero – Diciembre 2018” se realizó un diseño descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte transversal. Cuyo universo estaba conformado por las pacientes que se ingresaron durante el período de estudio, aplicando criterios de inclusión que permitió recopilar un total de 70 casos.Las variables estudiadas se basaron en los objetivos pre establecido encontrando: En las características sociodemográficas y obstétricas de la población en estudio, predomino el grupo de 19 a 34 años, de procedencia rural y con escolaridad primaria. Con predominio de las Multigesta con un promedio de más de dos embarazos, siendo en su mayoría embarazos con la edad gestacional de 41.2 semanas en promedio (embarazos prolongados).La aplicación de misoprostol la cual no fue descrita en el expediente clínico siendo esto una debilidad en el estudio y en el servicio.. Siendo consideradas medianamente eficaz al utilizar dosis de dos a tres dosis en comparación a literatura consultada.La evolución del trabajo de parto predomino la vía vaginal 71.4%, según Partograma fue considerado normal 35.7%. Y la proporción de cesárea fue baja en un 28.6%.Se identificaron 94.3% condiciones favorables al aplicarse test Apgar siendo la proporción de Apgar bajo 4.3% y de asfixia 1.4%. Con un 90.0% de pesos (2,500 a 3,999 grs) y una media de 3,350 gr.Se observó que 90.0% de las pacientes que se les aplico misoprostol no presentaron ninguna complicación; Por último el 81.4% de los recién nacidos no presentaron complicación alguna siendo baja la proporción de efectos adversos que no contraindican la utilización de las prostaglandinas para el manejo activo de los embarazos prolongados y postérmino.Siendo las recomendaciones orientadas a fortalecer la implementación de la normativa 077 para el manejo activo del embarazo prolongado, a través de políticas que aseguren el abastecimiento de prostaglandinas a nivel hospitalario y su uso racional

PixFEL: development of an X-ray diffraction imager for future FEL applications

A readout chip for diffraction imaging applications at new generation X-ray FELs (Free Electron Lasers) has been designed in a 65 nm CMOS technology. It consists of a 32 × 32 matrix, with square pixels and a pixel pitch of 110 µm. Each cell includes a low-noise charge sensitive amplifier (CSA) with dynamic signal compression, covering an input dynamic range from 1 to 104 photons and featuring single photon resolution at small signals at energies from 1 to 10 keV. The CSA output is processed by a time-variant shaper performing gated integration and correlated double sampling. Each pixel includes also a small area, low power 10-bit time-interleaved Successive Approximation Register (SAR) ADC for in-pixel digitization of the amplitude measurement. The channel can be operated at rates up to 4.5 MHz, to be compliant with the rates foreseen for future X-ray FEL machines. The ASIC has been designed in order to be bump bonded to a slim/active edge pixel sensor, in order to build the first demonstrator for the PixFEL (advanced X-ray PIXel cameras at FELs) imager

Dehydroepiandrosterone supplementation improves reproductive outcomes in women of the POSEIDON IV group

Background: The decrease in ovarian reserve has become one of the main causes of infertility. Recent studies have sought to improve the reproductive outcomes of these women through adjuvant treatments. In patients undergoing assisted reproduction treatments, exogenous Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) or prasterone acts as a precursor to testosterone in the follicular fluid, which increases steroidogenesis and the number of primary and antral follicles. Methods: A quantitative, quasi-experimental case series study was carried out in the clinical area of assisted reproduction from August 2021 to March 2022. All women included were over 34 years and categorized as POSEIDON IV. They were supplemented with 100 mg of DHEA one month prior to the follicular capture. Data was collected from the records of the patients who met the inclusion criteria, including the antral follicle count on the first three days of the menstrual period before the supplementation and one month after. Finally, the number of metaphase II oocytes and blastocysts obtained were analyzed. Results: There were 22 women underwent controlled ovarian stimulation; there was a difference in antral follicle count from 5±2.1 SD to 8.23​±4.29 SD (p=0.004) and MII oocytes 3.25±2.31 to 4.53±3.27 (p=0.04) before DHEA and after DHEA, respectively. Conclusions: DHEA or prasterone supplementation can be used as an adjuvant treatment in women of the POSEIDON IV group one month before the ovarian stimulation to improve their reproductive outcome

Cooperative Binding of the Cationic Porphyrin Tris-T4 Enhances Catalytic Activity of 20S Proteasome Unveiling a Complex Distribution of Functional States

The present study provides new evidence that cationic porphyrins may be considered as tunable platforms to interfere with the structural "key code" present on the 20S proteasome α-rings and, by consequence, with its catalytic activity. Here, we describe the functional and conformational effects on the 20S proteasome induced by the cooperative binding of the tri-cationic 5-(phenyl)-10,15,20-(tri N-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin (Tris-T4). Our integrated kinetic, NMR, and in silico analysis allowed us to disclose a complex effect on the 20S catalytic activity depending on substrate/porphyrin concentration. The analysis of the kinetic data shows that Tris-T4 shifts the relative populations of the multiple interconverting 20S proteasome conformations leading to an increase in substrate hydrolysis by an allosteric pathway. Based on our Tris-T4/h20S interaction model, Tris-T4 is able to affect gating dynamics and substrate hydrolysis by binding to an array of negatively charged and hydrophobic residues present on the protein surface involved in the 20S molecular activation by the regulatory proteins (RPs). Accordingly, despite the fact that Tris-T4 also binds to the α3ΔN mutant, allosteric modulation is not observed since the molecular mechanism connecting gate dynamics with substrate hydrolysis is impaired. We envisage that the dynamic view of the 20S conformational equilibria, activated through cooperative Tris-T4 binding, may work as a simplified model for a better understanding of the intricate network of 20S conformational/functional states that may be mobilized by exogenous ligands, paving the way for the development of a new generation of proteasome allosteric modulators