Determinación de las constantes ópticas de los cristales birreferentes

Fac. de Ciencias FísicasTRUEpu

T-MOOC for Initial Teacher Training in Digital Competences Technology and Educational Innovation

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) are perceived as emerging technologies for training and innovation in the educational context. They have become approaches for distance education in the face of the new challenges, changes, and crises experienced by the COVID-19 pandemic. They represent, in turn, new emerging opportunities as a response to the United Nations recommendations for open education and the development of sustainable goals. The presence of technologies in the development of educational tasks means that the acquisition of Digital Competences (DC) by teachers and students in training goes beyond the mere mastery of content and teaching methodologies. The research presented aims to analyze the educational possibilities of T-MOOCs for the development of DC in teachers, and as resources that favor autonomous and collaborative learning in innovative scenarios. The study sample is made up of 313 students of the Primary Education Degree at the University of Seville (Spain). For this purpose, two online questionnaires (Google Forms) were applied at the beginning of the course: the Digital Teaching Competence Questionnaire (DigCompEdu), and the Content Questionnaire: Digital Resources and Digital Pedagogy. The results obtained show that the students’ level of both digital competences and subject content is low to medium, so that training in educational technology is required for the acquisition of key digital competences. Based on the data obtained, the following actions are proposed: (a) The concretion of the contents structured by means of a learning guide and e-activities to be developed by the student body, taking into account the United Nations guidelines with regard to the Development of Sustainable Objectives; (b) The creation of a training and innovative environment under the T-MOOC architecture, based on open and distance learning due to the current health situation of COVID-19, which, on the one hand, empowers students to use digital tools, and on the other hand, facilitates the acquisition of the SDGs; and (c) The evaluation of the T-MOOC designed as a resource for autonomous, collaborative, guided learning in emerging contexts in which technologies and educational innovation play an important role for sustainable development.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Plan Estatal 2017–2020 Retos - Proyectos I + D + IJunta de Andalucía (Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento) US-126061

New route to pyrido[1,2-b]pyridazinium inner salts. Evidence of a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition-ring expansion process

2-Alkoxycarbonylpyridinium N-aminides behave as 1,3-dipoles when reacted with Michael accepters, giving rise to the corresponding cycloadducts which, depending on their regioisomeric nature, subsequently undergo a ring expansion to give pyrido[1,2-b]pyridazinium inner salts.We wish to express our thanks to the Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología (CICYT, project PM97-004) and to the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia for a grant to one of us (J.V.M)

Percepciones del alumnado universitario sobre el uso de tecnologías en actividades educativas y esfuerzo mental invertido

Las diferentes generaciones (nativos digitales, estudiantes residentes, generación Y, X o Z) muestran una preferencia hacia las tecnologías y el mundo digital. Este estudio “ex post-facto” se presenta bajo el objetivo de conocer las preferencias que estudiantes universitarios tienen respecto a o la utilización de diferentes recursos para diversas actividades educativas, así como la inversión de esfuerzo mental y percepción de facilidad que tienen para aprender respecto a diferentes medios y recursos tecnológicos. El muestreo empleado es no probabilístico, convencional e intencional. En én participan 2.148 estudiantes universitarios de diferentes ramas científicas de doce universidades públicas españolas. Para ello, se diseña un instrumento “ad hoc” cuyos datos arrojan altos índices de fiabilidad y vigencia. Los resultados apuntan que los estudiantes tienden a tener percepciones distintas respecto a los diversos medios y recursos presentados, en lo que se refiere al nivel de esfuerzo mental, así como la facilidad para aprender mediante ellos. En ese sentido, se discute la casuística de los resultados y comparar con la teoría del esfuerzo mental propuesta por Salomón(1981). Los hallazgo pueden ser explicados por el resultado de la interacción de tres elementos: los sistemas simbólicos movilizados para elaborar mensajes, el mensaje y la tecnología que los empaqueta, formaliza y transmite. De la misma forma, se concluye debatiendo la la aplicabilidad de los resultados para la mejora de la competencia digital del alumnadoDifferent generations (digital natives, resident students, generation Y, X, or Z) show a preference towards technologies and the digital world. This "ex-post-facto" study is presented to learn the preferences that university students have regarding the use of different resources for various educational activities, as well as the investment of mental effort and perceived ease of learning concerning different means and technological resources. The sampling used is non-probabilistic, conventional, and intentional. 2,148 university students from different scientific fields of twelve Spanish public universities participate in it. To do this, an "ad hoc" instrument is designed whose data show high reliability and validity indices. The results indicate that students tend to have different perceptions regarding the various means and resources presented, in terms of the level of mental effort needed, along with the degree of easiness to learn through them. In this sense, the casuistry of the results is discussed and compared with the theory of mental effort proposed by Salomon (1981). The findings can be explained by the result of the interaction of three elements: the symbolic systems mobilized to elaborate messages, the message, and the technology that packages, formalizes, and transmits them. In the same way, it concludes by discussing the applicability of the results for the improvement of the digital competence of the student

2-Alkoxycarbonylcycloimmonium ylides, efficient 1,4-dipole equivalents in the synthesis of new conjugated betaines

Several heterocyclic mesomeric betaines containing the bicyclic systems pyrido[1,2-a]pyrazine and pyrido [2,1-f][1,2,4]triazine have been prepared by reaction of 2-alkoxycarbonyl pyridinium N-ylides with phenyl isocyanate and isothiocyanate.We wish to express our thanks to the Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología (CICYT ) for financial support (Project PB90-0284), and to the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia by a grant to one of us (A.M.C

Derrame pleural recidivante secundario a fístulas pancreático-pleurales, complicado con empiema pleural. A propósito de un caso

Massive pleural effusion of pancreatic origin is a rare complication of pancreatitis that is usually due to a pancreatic-pleural fistula. Within the infrequent of this entity, even what is more than the recurrent picture on the contralateral side and also, as in our case, is complemented by a superinfection by Escherichia coli from the digestive tract originating a pleural empyema.El derrame pleural masivo de origen pancreático es una rara complicación de la pancreatitis que se debe generalmente a una fistula pancreático-pleural. Dentro de lo infrecuente de esta entidad, aún lo es más que el cuadro recidive en el lado contralateral y que además, como sucede en nuestro caso, se complique con una sobreinfección por Escherichia coli proveniente del tracto digestivo originando un empiema pleural

Estrés académico y valores de cortisol en estudiantes de medicina.

El estrés constituye uno de los problemas de salud más generalizado actualmente. Con el objetivo de determinar la influencia del estrés académico (EA) sobre los niveles de cortisol, se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal que incluyó 113 estudiantes (49 hombres y 64 mujeres) del primer ciclo de medicina de la Sede Azogues de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca, a los cuales se aplicó el inventario SISCO al concluir el último examen final, procediendo posteriormente a extraer muestra de sangre para la determinación de los valores de cortisol. Los principales resultados muestran que el total de estudiantes tuvieron niveles medio (13.3% hombres, 15.9% mujeres) y alto (30.1% hombres, 40.7% mujeres) de EA. El nivel de EA alto se presentó en un porcentaje significativamente superior de estudiantes y en mujeres. Los valores de cortisol fueron significativamente más elevados en los hombres que en las mujeres en el nivel de EA medio y similares en el alto. En ambos géneros y en general los estudiantes con niveles de EA alto presentaron valores de cortisol significativamente más elevados. Concluyendo, la totalidad de los estudiantes manifiestan niveles medios y altos de EA, constituyendo el cortisol una hormona cuyo incremento desempeña mediación química clave en la respuesta al mismo. ABSTRACT Stress is one of the most widespread health problems today. The main objective of this research was to determine the relation between levels of academic stress (AE) perceived and the concentrations of cortisol in blood, a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out that included 113 students (49 men and 64 women) from the first cycle of medicine at the Catholic University of Cuenca (UCACUE)-Ext. Azogues, to which the SISCO inventory was applied at the conclusion of the last final examination, proceeding subsequently to extract a blood sample for the determination of cortisol values. The main results show that the total of students had average levels (13.3% men, 15.9% women) and high (30.1% men, 40.7% women) of academic stress. The high level of academic stress was presented in a significantly high percentage of students and in female gender. Cortisol values were significantly higher in men than in women at the level of average academic stress and similar in the high level. In both genders and in general, students with high academic stress levels had significantly higher cortisol values. In conclusion, all the students manifest medium and high levels of academic stress, being cortisol a hormone whose increase plays a key chemical mediation in response to stress.    

Synthesis of new conjugated mesomeric betaines from alkoxycarbonylazinium salts

A new series of conjugated mesomeric betaines have been synthesized from the reaction of various aminoheterocycles with 2-methylthio-4-oxo-3-phenylpyrido[2,1-φ][1,2,4]triazinium iodide, itself prepared from 2-ethoxycarbonylpyridinium N-aminide. Some of the heterobetaines and salts obtained have been studied by 1H-NMR, and their structures have been confirmed by X-ray analysis. The crystal structures reveal unexpected complementary stabilizing interactions between some betaines and their salts.We wish to express our thanks to the Comisió Interdepartamental de Reçerca i Innovació Tecnológica (CIRIT) for financial support (Project QFN94-4619) and to the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia for a grant to one of us (JVM)

REDISEÑO Y AUTOMATIZACIÓN DE SISTEMA DE RIEGO CONTROLADO POR UN RELEVADOR ZELIO

Resumen Originar el desarrollo de un sistema de riego controlado por un relevador Zelio SR3B101FU promoviendo el uso de tecnologías entre los estudiantes del área de Mecatrónica en la Universidad Tecnológica de Altamira[UTA] con el fin de desarrollar proyectos de índole tecnológico que conserven al medio ambiente, ofreciendo una mejor vista a las áreas verdes de la universidad. Esta investigación comprende un desarrollo progresivo de diferentes etapas distribuidas por zonas ubicadas en el edificio N2 frente al departamento de Mecatrónica hasta la selección de materiales, componentes electrónicos, diseño, ensamble, construcción y pruebas de funcionalidad, mismos que implementados en ese orden dan como producto terminado un sistema de riego automatizado. El fin fue construir un sistema de riego que mantuviera húmedas las áreas verdes, pare ello se utilizó la mínima cantidad de materiales y accesorios necesarios, que en conjunto, dieron un buen resultado.Palabras clave: automatización, PLC, relevador zelio y sistema de riego. REDESIGN AND AUTOMATION OF IRRIGATION SYSTEM CONTROLLED BY A ZELIO RELAYAbstrac Originate the development of an irrigation system controlled by a Zelio SR3B101FU relay promoting the use of technologies among students of the Mechatronics area at the Technological University of Altamira [UTA] in order to develop technological projects that conserve the environment, offering a better view of the green areas of the university. This investigation includes a progressive development of different stages distributed by zones located in the N2 building in front of the Mechatronics department until the selection of materials, electronic components, design, assembly, construction and functionality tests, which implemented in that order give as a product finished an automated irrigation system. The aim was to build an irrigation system that kept the green areas humid, for this the minimum amount of necessary materials and accessories was used, which together gave a good result.Keywords: automation, PLC, zelio relay and irrigation system

DISEÑO Y CONSTRUCCIÓN DE UN PROTOTIPO “ROBOT SEGUIDOR DE LÍNEA VELOCISTA”

ResumenPromover el desarrollo de robots seguidores de línea entre los estudiantes de la carrera de Mecatrónica en la Universidad Tecnológica de Altamira, así como el aprendizaje por competencias, mediante la estrategia de aprendizaje basado en proyectos y resolución de problemas.Esta investigación comprende un desarrollo progresivo de diferentes etapas que inicia desde la definición de las características del robot hasta la selección de materiales y componentes electrónicos, diseño, ensamble y construcción del mismo y pruebas de funcionalidad, mismos que implementados en ese orden dan como producto terminado un robot seguidor de línea velocista.La meta fue  construir un robot liviano y veloz, pare ello se utilizó la mínima cantidad de materiales y accesorios necesarios, cuidando también el tamaño y peso de los componentes que, en su conjunto, dieron un buen resultado.Palabras claves: prototipo, robot, seguidor de línea velocista. AbstractPromote the development of line-following robots among the students of the Mechatronics career at the Technological University of Altamira, as well as learning by competences, through the project-based learning strategy and problem solving.This research includes a progressive development of different stages that starts from the definition of the characteristics of the robot to the selection of materials and electronic components, design, assembly and construction thereof and functionality tests, which implemented in that order give as a finished product a robot that follows the sprinter line.The goal was to build a light and fast robot, for this the minimum amount of necessary materials and accessories was used, also taking care of the size and weight of the components that, as a whole, gave a good result.Keywords: prototype, robot, sprinter