ADIPOSE TISSUE. METABOLIC ALTERATIONS AND EFFECT OF MICROBIOTA

Obesity is among the top health concerns across the globe, and it has been for many years, yet the world remains unable to stop it. Overweight and obesity follow a clear uptrend pattern and that will not change unless a real battle is waged against their main causes.The present review will explore the causes and mechanisms underlying this health crisis, focusing on what for many years has been disregarded: the active role that the adipose tissue plays in the development of the metabolic alterations regarding obesity and the undeniable implication of gut microbiota in supporting the existing mechanisms for weight gain and fat storage. The aim is to integrate most of the factors to provide a global vision of the processes happening obesity.The review has been methodically elaborated, bringing together information from many different experts in the different fields, striving for accurate and state-of-the-art information throughout the whole review, with special emphasis in the final fragment on the other major health crisis concerning the world right now: COVID-19.<br /

Gestión del conocimiento. Perspectiva multidisciplinaria. Volumen 8

El libro “Gestión del Conocimiento. Perspectiva Multidisciplinaria”, volumen 8, de la Colección Unión Global, es resultado de investigaciones. Los capítulos del libro, son resultados de investigaciones desarrolladas por sus autores. El libro es una publicación internacional, seriada, continua, arbitrada de acceso abierto a todas las áreas del conocimiento, que cuenta con el esfuerzo de investigadores de varios países del mundo, orientada a contribuir con procesos de gestión del conocimiento científico, tecnológico y humanístico que consoliden la transformación del conocimiento en diferentes escenarios, tanto organizacionales como universitarios, para el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas del quehacer diario. La gestión del conocimiento es un camino para consolidar una plataforma en las empresas públicas o privadas, entidades educativas, organizaciones no gubernamentales, ya sea generando políticas para todas las jerarquías o un modelo de gestión para la administración, donde es fundamental articular el conocimiento, los trabajadores, directivos, el espacio de trabajo, hacia la creación de ambientes propicios para el desarrollo integral de las instituciones

Improving the smoking patterns in a general hospital psychiatric unit

Objectives: The purpose of the present paper is to evaluate the effects of a smoking ban in a general hospital psychiatric unit. Methods: We study the effects of smoking ban in 40 consecutive psychiatric inpatients. The staff registered socio-demographic and tobacco-related variables. We also registered any kind of behavioral effects of smoking ban.Results: The patients were willing to stop smoking during their hospital stay (with or without nicotine replacement) with two mild behavioural incidences registered throughout the study. Conclusions: The benefits of non-smoking policy in a psychiatric unit can be significant. The introduction of smoking bans in psychiatric inpatients settings is possible and safe

IBER-XYFAS - Ibero-American network for the surveillance of Xylella fastidiosa

Trabajo presentado en el Congress of Microbiology and Biotechnology (Microbiotec 19), celebrado en Coimbra del 5 al 7 de diciembre de 2019.Xylella fastidiosa is the causal agent of various plant diseases that continuously challenge agroforestry production causing significant losses to European and American countries. IBER-XYFAS is an international network of research groups, agrofood companies and regional governments, financed by CYTED that aims gather all available data on the bacterium, on its vectors, on the crops affected in Ibero-American countries and on the prevention and control activities that are being carried out. The specific objectives of the network will focus on the following work packages: P1) Information on the bacterium; P2) Information on transmission vectors; P3) Information on the interaction of the bacteria with the plant; P4) Information on therapies; P5) Information on remote sensing methodologies; P6) Information on the environmental, social and economic impact of diseases and control measures. The purpose of the information exchange is to generate knowledge that will contribute to the development of a technological alert and surveillance system that will enable local or national governments to take the necessary measures to continue, contain and ultimately eradicate the disease. The main outputs of IBER-XYFAS are: to promote the scientific and technological integration of the Ibero-American region and the effective transfer of knowledge and technologies; to encourage the participation of researchers from the Ibero-American region in other programs and the active participation of different actors in the control of the disease; to promote the development of effective transfer activities to small producers and vulnerable sectors; to contribute to the improvement of the social perception of R+D+I and its results; to promote the improvement of production through the integration of technological and economic aspects; to design technological protocols for the control of the disease

Modificación del patrón de consumo de tabaco en una unidad de psiquiatría de hospital general

Objetivo: el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar los efectos de la prohibición del consumo de tabaco en una unidad de psiquiatría de hospital general. Material y métodos: Se valoraron los efectos de la prohibición en 40 pacientes ingresados en la unidad de forma consecutiva tras la prohibición de consumo de tabaco en la unidad de Psiquiatría. Se realizó una recogida de variables socio-demográficas y relacionadas con el consumo de tabaco. A los pacientes que los solicitasen se les ofertó la posibilidad de utilizar terapia sustitutiva con nicotina. Durante el ingreso se registraron las incidencias producidas por la prohibición de fumar. Resultados: Los pacientes fueron capaces de mantenerse la abstención de fumar con o sin la ayuda de tratamiento sustitutivo con nicotina. Solo se registraron dos incidencias leves achacables a la prohibición de fumar. No hubo ninguna negativa al ingreso, ni se precipitó ningún alta por durante el período de estudio. Conclusiones: las ventajas de la prohibición del uso de tabaco en nuestra unidad superaron los inconvenientes, haciendo posible y recomendable la modificación en los hábitos de consumo de tabaco en la unidad suprimiendo su uso. Abstract: Objectives: The purpose of the present paper is to evaluate the effects of a smoking ban in a general hospital psychiatric unit. Methods: We study the effects of smoking ban in 40 consecutive psychiatric inpatients. The staff registered socio-demographic and tobacco-related variables. We also registered any kind of behavioral effects of smoking ban. Results: The patients were willing to stop smoking during their hospital stay (with or without nicotine replacement) with two mild behavioural incidences registered throughout the study. Conclusions: The benefits of non-smoking policy in a psychiatric unit can be significant. The introduction of smoking bans in psychiatric inpatients settings is possible and safe. Centro de Trabajo: (1) Psiquiatra. Servicio de Psiquiatría. Hospital Valle del Nalón; (2) Pediatra. Atención Primaria. Área V (Asturias, España); (3) Enfermero/a. Servicio de Psiquiatría. Hospital Valle del Nalón (Asturias, España). Fecha del Trabajo: 11/02/2008 Palabra Clave: Tabaco, Unidad de psiquiatría, Prohibición de fumar, Salud Mental, Actitudes del personal. Key Words: Tobacco, Psychiatry unit, Smoking ban, Mental health, Personal attitudes.

Libro de Proyectos Finales 2021 primer semestre

PregradoIngeniero CivilIngeniero de SistemasIngeniero ElectricistaIngeniero ElectrónicoIngeniero IndustrialIngeniero Mecánic

ENGIU: Encuentro Nacional de Grupos de Investigación de UNIMINUTO.

El desarrollo del prototipo para el sistema de detección de Mina Antipersona (MAP), inicia desde el semillero ADSSOF perteneciente al programa de Administración en Seguridad y Salud en el trabajo de la UNIMINUTO, se realiza a partir de un detector de metales que emite una señal audible, que el usuario puede interpretar como aviso de presencia de un objeto metálico, en este caso una MAP. La señal audible se interpreta como un dato, como ese dato no es perceptible a 5 metros de distancia, se implementa el transmisor de Frecuencia Modulada FM por la facilidad de modulación y la escogencia de frecuencia de transmisión de acuerdo con las normas y resolución del Ministerio de Comunicaciones; de manera que esta sea la plataforma base para enviar los datos obtenidos a una frecuencia establecida. La idea es que el ser humano no explore zonas peligrosas y buscar la forma de crear un sistema que permita eliminar ese riesgo, por otro lado, buscar la facilidad de uso de elementos ya disponibles en el mercado

Highly-parallelized simulation of a pixelated LArTPC on a GPU

The rapid development of general-purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPU) is allowing the implementation of highly-parallelized Monte Carlo simulation chains for particle physics experiments. This technique is particularly suitable for the simulation of a pixelated charge readout for time projection chambers, given the large number of channels that this technology employs. Here we present the first implementation of a full microphysical simulator of a liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) equipped with light readout and pixelated charge readout, developed for the DUNE Near Detector. The software is implemented with an end-to-end set of GPU-optimized algorithms. The algorithms have been written in Python and translated into CUDA kernels using Numba, a just-in-time compiler for a subset of Python and NumPy instructions. The GPU implementation achieves a speed up of four orders of magnitude compared with the equivalent CPU version. The simulation of the current induced on $10^3$ pixels takes around 1 ms on the GPU, compared with approximately 10 s on the CPU. The results of the simulation are compared against data from a pixel-readout LArTPC prototype

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

International audienceDUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals