Cooperação e especialização entre modos semióticos em um texto didático de ensino de física moderna

Apresentamos uma análise das relações entre as expressões em linguagem verbal escrita e figuras, em um texto empregado para promover a aprendizagem das distinções entre as partículas alfa, as partículas beta e as radiações gama, quando historicamente Rutherford as notou relatando os comportamentos referente a penetração destes entes na matéria e os desvios sofridos quando interagiam com um campo magnético. O texto foi utilizado junto a alunos da terceira série do Ensino Médio, em uma escola da Rede Pública de Ensino, em São Paulo. O trabalho faz destaque à necessidade de se associar uma função específica para exploração da riqueza de informações presente nas específicas figuras empregadas

Minicraniotomia supra-orbitária superciliar no tratamento de meningiomas na fossa craniana anterior e para-selares

The improvement of surgical techniques as well as the introduction of new surgical instruments promoted the use of keyhole craniotomies in neurosurgery. We evaluated the technical aspects of the supra-orbital keyhole approach considering the indications, limitations, and complications of this approach to treat anterior cranial fossa and parasellar meningiomas. Twenty-four patients (21 females; mean age, 53±8.6 years) operated on between 2002 and 2006 through a supra-orbital eyebrow approach were studied. Maximal tumor diameter ranged from 1.6 to 6 cm. Gross total resection was done in 20 (83.3%). All tumors were histologically benign. Two patients (8%) experienced CSF rinorhea and another two patients suffered transitory diabetes insipidus (8%). One patient experienced transitory hemiparesis. There was one case of meningitis and one mortality. Follow-up ranged between 6 to 66 months (mean 31.5±20.1 months), with no recurrence. The supra-orbital keyhole craniotomy is a useful minimally invasive approach to treat selected anterior fossa and parasellar meningiomas.A evolução técnica e a introdução de instrumentais cirúrgicos mais delicados proporcionaram o uso de craniotomias menores no tratamento de patologias intracranianas. Avaliamos os aspectos técnicos da minicraniotomia supra-orbitária superciliar, considerando as indicações, limitações e complicações no tratamento de meningiomas na fossa craniana anterior e para-selares. Vinte e quarto pacientes (21 mulheres; idade média, 53±8,6 anos) operados entre 2002 e 2006 foram estudados. O diâmetro tumoral máximo variou de 1,6 a 6 cm. Ressecção total foi obtida em 20 (83,3%). Todos os tumores eram histologicamente benignos. Dois pacientes (8%) apresentaram fistula liquórica pós-operatória e outros dois diabetes insipido transitórioa (8%). Um paciente evoluiu com hemiparesia transitória. Houve um caso de meningite e um de evolução fatal. O seguimento variou de 6 a 66 meses (média 31,5±20,1 meses), não houve recidiva. A minicraniotomia supra-orbitária superciliar é uma via de abordagem eficaz para o tratamento de meningiomas da fossa craniana anterior e para-selares selecionados.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Hospital Professor Edmundo VasconcelosUNIFESPSciEL

Thermal Analysis of a Metal Structure Using the Ansys Software

Metallic structures are an alternative in civil construction in terms of optimization of time and efficiency, about the construction process, besides being more versatile, durable, resistant and sustainable compared to other structures. Therefore, self-supporting metal towers have become indispensable in the expansion of large urban centers, due to the need for more slender, efficient and durable structures to the impacts caused by both man and the environment. However, its structures suffer daily from long sun exposure and contact with the atmosphere, which carries chemical elements that react with the material and cause pathologies such as thermal wear and chemical corrosion. Thus, the proposal of the work consists of analysing the behaviour and thermal performance of a metal tower with different metal alloys: ASTM A36, ASTM A570, and ASTM B338, thus determining density, capacity, and thermal conductivity. The model of the self-supporting tower used, is 36 meters high, opening the base of 15 meters, weighing throughout 209,730 kg and with a total of 1777 connecting elements distributed throughout the structure, shown in (Figure 1)

Running economy and cytokines: what the influence of IL-6 and IL-10?

Introduction: During the exercise performing the muscle produce cytokines, named “myokines”. These molecules show autocrine, paracrine and endocrine effects. One of them IL-6 demonstrates both pro and anti-inflammatory actions. Usually they have an anti-inflammatory action when produced by working muscles and when produced by other tissues, especially adipose, they assume a pro-inflammatory profile. Athletes´ performance, especially those that run long distances races (endurance) is associated with higher levels of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Running economy (RE) is a methodology used to evaluate the performance of runners and is defined as the rate of oxygen consumption (VO2) required for maintain a specific speed . RE is determined by the energy cost of running (Cr), which is the energy required to transport body mass in a specific running speed (km/h). Despite some studies demonstrated the importance of RE in a performance of athletes, there is no studies relating running economy and cytokines. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between cytokine profile and running economy. Subjects: Twenty-two male recreational runners living in the city of São Paulo were recruited for the study that had been approved by the UNIFESP-EPM Ethics Committee. None of the participants were using lipid-lowering medications, no smokers, addicted to alcohol consumption, obese or had systemic arterial hypertension, neither liver, renal, metabolic, inflammatory or neoplastic diseases. Methods: Blood sample was collected at rest. Blood draw for all the individuals was performed after 12 hours of fasting. IL-6 and IL-10 were measured by ELISA in serum. Statistics: Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to identify a correlation between Running Economy (RE) and cytokine levels. The significance level was set to 5% (p \u3c 0.05). Results and Discussion: In the group of athletes studied we found that a significant correlation between RE and IL-6 (figure 1A), showing that runners with better RE presented decreased IL-6 levels. However, no correlation was observed in relation to IL-10 levels and RE (Figure 1B). Previously we demonstrated that pro-inflammatory cytokines influences negatively the VO2max that is used to calculate the aerobic capacity. So, we assumed that athletes with more time and volume of training would have lower levels of IL-6 which in our results is associated to greater RE. However, we couldn´t find any correlation between these parameters

Epilens membrane simulating cataract in children with uveitis: a report of three cases

ABSTRACTHere we present the cases of three female children, of whom two were aged 6 years and one was aged 11 years. Two of the three children had bilateral uveitis and suspected cataract and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease. The third one had uveitis and suspected cataract in one eye and sympathetic ophthalmia (SO), and had undergone penetrating keratoplasty in the fellow eye following a trauma. After controlling the inflammation, we planned to perform phacoemulsification without intraocular lens implantation. However, intraoperatively, after removing the epilens membranes, the lenses appeared clear, and therefore phacoemulsification was not performed. During follow-up, the patients did not develop cataract, and visual acuity levels ranged from 20/30 to 20/100. Fundoscopy revealed VKH disease and SO. Ophthalmologists should not always assume that patients with uveitis have cataract; a transparent lens may exist behind the epilens membrane, allowing a less aggressive therapeutic approach

A Short Note on an Artisanal Incubator for Fermentation of Apis mellifera Artificial Diets

Considering the importance of offering food supplementation to the swarms during dearth periods, we developed in this project an artisanal incubator for fermentation of supplementary protein diets for Apis mellifera bees, obtaining a fresh, nutritious and palatable product, made on the property, thus facilitating access to the beekeeper to this resource

Giant intracranial aneurysm in three years old boy: case report

Cerebral aneurysms are rare in the pediatric age group and differ from adults with aneurysms in size, localization and incidence. We report a 3-year-old boy with giant middle cerebral artery aneurysms who presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage. The patient was submitted to surgical treatment and the postoperative period was uneventful.Aneurismas cerebrais são raros na faixa etária pediátrica. A apresentação destas lesões difere significativamente em relação á população adulta no que se refere a tamanho, localização e incidência. Relatamos caso de menimo de três anos de idade que apresentou quadro de hemorragia subaracnóidea sem história de infecções ou traumatismos prévios sendo, posteriormente, diagnosticado aneurisma gigante localizado na artéria cerebral média. Foi submetido a tratamento cirúrgico com boa evolução pós-operatória.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Hospital Professor Edmundo VasconcelosHospital Samaritano de São PauloFaculdade de Medicina de JundiaíHospital São PauloUNIFESPHospital São PauloSciEL