Partnership dynamics among immigrants and their descendants in four European countries

The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement no. 320116 for the research project Families and Societies. For Leen Rahnu and Allan Puur, this work was also supported by the Estonian Research Council grant (PRG71). Hill Kulu's work was also supported by Economic and Social Research Council grant ES/K007394/1 and carried out in the ESRC Centre for Population Change (CPC).This study investigates union formation and dissolution among immigrants and their descendants in four European countries with different migration histories and family patterns (United Kingdom, France, Spain, and Estonia). Although there is a growing body of literature on migrant families in Europe, there is still little comparative research on partnership dynamics among immigrants and their descendants. We apply event history analysis to pooled data from the four countries. The analysis shows a significant variation in partnership patterns across migrant groups in some countries (e.g., South Asians vs. Caribbeans in the United Kingdom) and similar partnership behaviour for some migrant groups in different countries (e.g., South Asians in the United Kingdom and immigrants from Turkey in France). Descendants of immigrants often exhibit partnership patterns that are similar to those of their parents' generation. The country context matters; specific patterns are observed for Spain and Estonia.PostprintPeer reviewe

Work-family life courses and metabolic markers in mid-life: evidence from the British National Child Development Study

Background Previous studies have found generally better health among those who combine employment and family responsibilities; however, most research excludes men, and relies on subjective measures of health and information on work and family activities from only 1 or 2 time points in the life course. This study investigated associations between work-family life course types (LCTs) and markers of metabolic risk in a British birth cohort study. Methods Multichannel sequence analysis was used to generate work-family LCTs, combining annual information on work, partnership and parenthood between 16 and 42 years for men and women in the British National Child Development Study (NCDS, followed since their birth in 1958). Associations between work-family LCTs and metabolic risk factors in mid-life (age 44-45) were tested using multivariate linear regression in multiply imputed data. Results Life courses characterised by earlier transitions into parenthood were associated with significantly increased metabolic risk, regardless of attachment to paid work or marital stability over the life course. These associations were only partially attenuated by educational qualifications, early life circumstances and adult mediators. The positive association between weak labour markets ties and metabolic risk was weaker than might be expected from previous studies. Associations between work-family LCTs and metabolic risk factors did not differ significantly by gender. Conclusions Earlier transitions to parenthood are linked to metabolic risk in mid-life

Work-family life courses and markers of stress and inflammation in mid-life: evidence from the National Child Development Study.

Background This study investigated associations between work-family life courses and biomarkers of inflammation and stress in mid-life among British men and women. Gender differences in these associations were also explored. Methods A novel statistical method-multi-channel sequence analysis-defined work-family life courses between the ages of 16 and 42 years, combining annual information on work, partnership and parenthood. Associations between work-family life courses and inflammation [C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor] and cortisol at age 44/45 years were tested using multivariate linear regression using multiply-imputed data on almost 6500 participants from the National Child Development Study 1958 British birth cohort. Results Compared with those who combined strong ties to paid work with later transitions to stable family lives ('Work, later family' group), 'Teen parents' had higher CRP [40.6% higher, 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.6, 87.0] and fibrinogen (7.8% higher, 95% CI: 2.3, 13.5) levels, and homemakers ('No paid work, early family') had raised fibrinogen levels (4.7% higher, 95% CI: 0.7, 9.0), independent of childhood health and socioeconomic position, adult socioeconomic position, health behaviours and body mass index (BMI). Those who combined later transitions to stable family ties with a career break for childrearing had higher post-waking cortisol than the 'Work, later family' group; however, no associations were seen for other work-family types, therefore suggesting a null finding with cortisol. No statistically significant gender interactions in associations between work-family types and inflammatory or cortisol outcomes were found. Conclusions Work-family life courses characterised by early parenthood or weak work ties were associated with a raised risk profile in relation to chronic inflammation

Work-family life courses and BMI trajectories in three British birth cohorts.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Combining work and family responsibilities has previously been associated with improved health in mid-life, yet little is known about how these associations change over time (both biographical and historical) and whether this extends to body mass index (BMI) trajectories for British men and women. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between work-family life courses and BMI trajectories across adulthood (16-42 years) for men and women in three British birth cohorts. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Multiply imputed data from three nationally representative British birth cohorts were used-the MRC National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD; 1946 birth cohort, n=3012), the National Child Development Study (NCDS; 1958 birth cohort, n=9614) and the British Cohort Study (BCS; 1970 birth cohort, n=8140). A typology of work-family life course types was developed using multi-channel sequence analysis, linking annual information on work, partnerships and parenthood from 16 to 42 years. Work-family life courses were related to BMI trajectories using multi-level growth models. Analyses adjusted for indicators of prior health, birthweight, child BMI, educational attainment and socioeconomic position across the life course, and were stratified by gender and cohort. RESULTS: Work-family life courses characterised by earlier transitions to parenthood and weaker long-term links to employment were associated with greater increases in BMI across adulthood. Some of these differences, particularly for work-family groups, which are becoming increasingly non-normative, became more pronounced across cohorts (for example, increases in BMI between 16 and 42 years in long-term homemaking women: NSHD: 4.35 kg m-2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.44, 5.26; NCDS: 5.53 kg m-2, 95% CI: 5.18, 5.88; BCS: 6.69 kg m-2, 95% CI: 6.36, 7.02). CONCLUSIONS: Becoming a parent earlier and weaker long-term ties to employment are associated with greater increases in BMI across adulthood in British men and women.Rebecca Lacey, Anne McMunn, Amanda Sacker and Meena Kumari received funding from the European Research Council (grant number: ERC-2011-StG_20101124, PI: Anne McMunn). Steven Bell also received funding from the European Research Council (grant number: ERCStG-2012-309337_Alcohol-Lifecourse, PI: Annie Britton) and UK Medical Research Council/Alcohol Research UK (MR/M006638/1). Amanda Sacker, Anne McMunn and Meena Kumari additionally received support from the Economic and Social Research Council’s International Centre for Life Course Studies in Society and Health (grant number: ES/J019119/1). DK is supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12019/1). The MRC National Survey of Health and Development is funded by the UK Medical Research Council. Peggy McDonough and Diana Worts were supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research grant MOP 119526 and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council grant 43512-1267

Work-Family Life Courses and Metabolic Markers in the MRC National Survey of Health and Development

The aim was to investigate whether the combined work-family life courses of British men and women were associated with differences in metabolic markers?waist circumference, blood pressure, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and glycated haemoglobin?in mid-life. We used data from the Medical Research Council?s National Survey of Health and Development?the 1946 British birth cohort. Multi-channel sequence analysis was used to create a typology of eight work-family life course types combining information on work, partnerships and parenthood between ages 16?51. Linear regression tested associations between work-family types and metabolic outcomes at age 53 on multiply imputed data (20 imputations) of >2,400 participants. Compared with men with strong ties to employment and early transitions to family life, men who made later transitions to parenthood and maintained strong ties to paid work had smaller waist circumferences (-2.16cm, 95% CI: -3.73, -0.59), lower triglycerides (9.78% lower, 95% CI: 0.81, 17.94) and lower blood pressure (systolic: -4.03mmHg, 95% CI: -6.93, -1.13; diastolic: -2.34mmHg, 95% CI: -4.15, -0.53). Married men and women who didn?t have children had increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (7.23% higher, 95% CI: 0.68, 14.21) and lower waist circumferences (-4.67cm, 95% CI: -8.37, -0.97), respectively. For men later transitions to parenthood combined with strong ties to paid work were linked to reduced metabolic risk in mid-life. Fewer differences between work-family types and metabolic markers were seen for women

Incidencia de atelectasia post extubación en cirugías centrales cardiovasculares

El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó con el propósito de señalar la incidencia de casos de atelectasia posteriores a la extubación en cirugías de revascularización miocárdica y recambio valvular en pacientes con insuficiencia coronaria o valvulpatía, así como también detectar los factores de riesgo más importantes que contribuyen al desarrollo de la Atelectasia y evaluar la evolución de cada paciente a lo largo de su periodo de internación en la UCO, señalando las técnicas kinésicas mas utilizadas para el tratamiento de la atelectasia, y también destacando la importancia de la VNI. En esta tesina se observaron las historias clínicas de todos los pacientes sometidos a cirugías de revascularización miocárdica y de recambio valvular comprendidas entre los años 2010, 2011 y 2012. Dicho trabajo de campo se realizó en el Hospital Británico de la ciudad de Buenos Aires, a donde asisten pacientes que presentan enfermedad coronaria y valvular. La muestra cuenta con ambos sexos y sin distinción de la edad. Los resultados indicaron que la incidencia de atelectasia luego de la extubación en cirugías de revascularización miocárdica y recambio valvular fue de un 14% y los factores de riesgo que tuvieron más prevalencia fueron el tabaquismo, la obesidad y el sedentarismo, todos ellos de carácter modificable. A su vez los datos obtenidos en el Hospital Británico de la cuidad de Buenos Aires mostraron la importancia del rol Kinésico no solo en el tratamiento de la Atelectasia, sino en todo el proceso de internación en la UCO

Le resurfaçage de hanche (évaluation d'une pratique selon les principes de la médecine fondée sur les preuves)

TOULOUSE3-BU Santé-Centrale (315552105) / SudocSudocFranceF

Cartographie des écosystèmes entrepreneuriaux numériques wallon et bruxellois: analyse comparative et recommandations.

Lors de mes recherches et alors que mon mémoire devait initialement s‘intituler «Impact des structures d‟accompagnement sur la création d'entreprises innovantes actives dans les TIC», j‘ai été frappé par deux éléments. Premièrement par le fait que l‘écosystème entrepreneurial numérique belge est difficilement lisible et qu‘il est difficile de s‘y retrouver pour un entrepreneur voulant être aidé. En effet, dû notamment au fait que la Belgique est divisée en trois régions, il est compliqué d‘avoir un aperçu clair de ce que la pays propose au niveau de l‘accompagnement entrepreneurial. Deuxièmement, j‘ai été surpris par le retard qu‘accuse la Belgique dans le domaine entrepreneurial, domaine dans lequel notre pays ne truste pas les plus hautes places du classement mondial et même européen malgré nos avantages évidents. Ces observations ont été confirmées lors de mon stage chez CBO Consulting pendant lequel j‘ai eu la chance de côtoyer le monde entrepreneurial et ai dû réaliser des recherches sur les aides à l‘accompagnement belges destinés aux entrepreneurs. De plus, j‘ai voulu analyser l‘écosystème entrepreneurial belge du point de vue numérique en particulier. Ceci est une conséquence de ma lecture, il y a 18 mois de cela, d‘un livre qui m‘a ouvert les yeux sur l‘énorme importance future que prendra le secteur du numérique dans la société, «La 4e Révolution industrielle» de Klaus Schwab. J‘ai voulu alors m‘intéresser au positionnement pris par notre pays dans ce domaine. Ce mémoire a donc pour objectif de réaliser une cartographie des principaux acteurs et initiatives publiques/privées dans l‘entrepreneuriat numérique ainsi qu‘analyser ces écosystèmes entrepreneuriaux numériques wallon et bruxellois. Le but est donc triple : -Aider les entrepreneurs eux-mêmes à ce qu‘ils y voient plus clair en leur proposant une cartographie des acteurs principaux et des aides disponibles dans deux écosystèmes entrepreneuriaux numériques belges (bruxellois et wallon). -Comprendre quels sont les manquements dans ces écosystèmes entrepreneuriaux numériques afin de comprendre pourquoi notre pays n‘est pas l‘un des pôles européens les plus attractifs. -Pour enfin émettre des recommandations visant à améliorer l‘entrepreneuriat numérique existant et à lancer de nouvelles activités.Master [120] en sciences de gestion, Université catholique de Louvain, 201

Fathers' time with children at the crossroads of the gender revolution: a comparative analysis in France, Italy, Sweden and the UK

According to recent literature the increasing women’s labour market participation is only the first part of the so called gender revolution, while a second part is now unfolding, with an increased participation of men in family life with special attention to childcare. The aim of this paper is to explore fathers’ involvement in parenting tasks within different contexts in terms of gender regimes, family policies, and workplace culture. The idea is to evidence individual factors that may enable/challenge the capability of fathers to stay with children and care for them, and to suggest opportune father-friendly policies. Time with children is compared among a sample of fathers in Time Use survey in France (2009-2010), Italy (2008-09), Sweden (2000-2001) and the UK (2000). Three different measures of father involvement are examined: the total time father spend with their children, the time they spend alone with them, and their engagement in childcare activities. Results show that distinct micro-level factors contribute in determining the three levels of father’s commitment analysed. Few cross-countries differences emerge. Fathers’ involvement is mainly determined by their work-related features, by their children characteristics, and by their partner’s working schedules. Weekday and weekend differences are observed. The quantum of father engagement strongly depends on the countries’ institutional context: it is the highest in Sweden and the lowest in Italy. Fathers’ time with children at the crossroads of the gender revolution: 3 a comparative analysis in France, Italy, Sweden and the UK Acknowledgement: The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 320116 for the research project FamiliesAndSocieties. This comparative study shows the methodological importance of considering different measures of father involvement to understand how micro-level factors influence the time fathers spend with their children in different institutional context