Late-Developing Supernumerary Premolars: Analysis of Different Therapeutic Approaches

This case series describes the different potential approaches to late-developing supernumerary premolars (LDSP). LDSP are supernumerary teeth (ST) formed after the eruption of the permanent dentition; usually they develop in the premolar region of the upper and lower jaw. The choice to extract or to monitor the LDSP depends on many factors and has to be carefully planned due to the several risks that either the monitoring or the extraction could provoke. These four cases of LDSP showed different treatment plan alternatives derived from a scrupulous assessment of the clinical and radiographic information

Cyst-like periapical lesion healing in an orthodontic patient: A case report with five-year follow-up

Abstract Aim To report the orthodontic movement of two central incisors through the healing site of a maxillary cyst-like lesion of endodontic origin after nonsurgical treatment. Case summary This report shows the treatment of a 18-year old patient, male, with a Class II division 2 malocclusion. He came to our attention seeking for orthodontic treatment. Radiographic examinations revealed a large cyst-like lesion in the maxillary anterior area, extending from the mesial surface of tooth 12 to the distal surface of tooth 21. The two upper incisors were nonresponsive to pulp sensitivity tests. Endodontic treatment was performed first. One week after root canal treatment had been completed with gutta-percha fillings, orthodontic treatment was started while the bone lesion healing was still underway. At the end of the orthodontic treatment, incisor retroclination was corrected, periapical lesion healing was completed and there were no signs of root resorption. The five-year follow-up revealed that occlusal relationship and dental alignment were kept stable and excellent radiographic resolution of the periapical lesion was obtained

Effect of pH on in vitro biocompatibility of orthodontic miniscrew implants

BACKGROUND: Although the clinical use of miniscrews has been investigated on a large scale, little is known about their biocompatibility. Since low pH can affect corrosion resistance, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of orthodontic miniscrews in different pH conditions. METHODS: Four orthodontic miniscrews of stainless steel and grade IV and grade V titanium were immersed in a pH 7 and pH 4 saline solution for 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 84 days. Human osteogenic sarcoma cells (U2OS), permanent human keratinocytes (HaCat), and primary human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) were exposed to eluates, and the mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity was measured after 24 h to assess the cytoxicity. The results were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test (P < 0.05). RESULTS: When exposed to pH 7-conditioned eluates, the cell lines showed an even greater viability than untreated cells. On the contrary, the results revealed a statistically significant decrease in U2OS, HaCat, and HGF viability after exposure to eluates obtained at pH 4. Among the cell lines tested, HGF showed the most significant decrease of mitochondrial activity. Interestingly, grade V titanium miniscrews caused highest toxic effects when immersed at pH 4. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that at pH 7, all the miniscrews are biocompatible while the eluates obtained at pH 4 showed significant cytotoxicity response. Moreover, different cell lines can produce different responses to miniscrew eluates

Temperature Profiles Along the Root with Gutta-percha Warmed through Different Heat Sources

To evaluate temperature profiles developing in the root during warm compaction of gutta-percha with the heat sources System B and System MB Obtura (Analityc Technology, Redmond, WA, USA). Thirty extracted human incisor teeth were used. Root canals were cleaned and shaped by means of Protaper rotary files (Dentsply-Maillefer, Belgium), and imaging was performed by micro-CT (Skyscan 1072, Aartselaar, Belgium)

Late-Developing Supernumerary Premolars: Analysis of Different Therapeutic Approaches

This case series describes the different potential approaches to late-developing supernumerary premolars (LDSP). LDSP are supernumerary teeth (ST) formed after the eruption of the permanent dentition; usually they develop in the premolar region of the upper and lower jaw.The choice to extract or to monitor the LDSP depends on many factors and has to be carefully planned due to the several risks that either the monitoring or the extraction could provoke. These four cases of LDSP showed different treatment plan alternatives derived from a scrupulous assessment of the clinical and radiographic information. 1. Introductio

Valutazione dell'efficacia dell'apparecchiatura di Herbst Miniscope: studio caso-controllo

Lo scopo della presente indagine è valutare gli effetti dentoalveolari e scheletrici determinati dall’ apparecchiatura di Herbst in un campione di giovani adolescenti affetti da malocclusione di classe II scheletrica e dentaria, da attribuirsi a retrusione mandibolare

The Proteomics Big Challenge for Biomarkers and New Drug-Targets Discovery

In the modern process of drug discovery, clinical, functional and chemical proteomics can converge and integrate synergies. Functional proteomics explores and elucidates the components of pathways and their interactions which, when deregulated, lead to a disease condition. This knowledge allows the design of strategies to target multiple pathways with combinations of pathway-specific drugs, which might increase chances of success and reduce the occurrence of drug resistance. Chemical proteomics, by analyzing the drug interactome, strongly contributes to accelerate the process of new druggable targets discovery. In the research area of clinical proteomics, proteome and peptidome mass spectrometry-profiling of human bodily fluid (plasma, serum, urine and so on), as well as of tissue and of cells, represents a promising tool for novel biomarker and eventually new druggable targets discovery. In the present review we provide a survey of current strategies of functional, chemical and clinical proteomics. Major issues will be presented for proteomic technologies used for the discovery of biomarkers for early disease diagnosis and identification of new drug targets

Evaluation of Profile Changes in Class II Individuals Treated by Means of Herbst Miniscope Appliance

Background: To evaluate the profile changes following orthopedic/orthodontic treatment with the Herbst Miniscope&reg; appliance in subjects affected with Class II malocclusion with mandibular retrusion. Methods: A total of 44 patients presenting a skeletal Angle Class II malocclusion (ANB &gt; 4&deg;) due to mandibular retrusion and a cervical maturation stage between CS2 and CS3 were included in the study. Of these 44 patients, 22 (mean age 11.9 &plusmn; 1.3, HBT group) were treated using the Herbst appliance, while 22 (mean age 10.6 &plusmn; 1.3, CTR group) were followed for a 12-month observational period. A cephalometric tracing was performed at the beginning of treatment (T0) and after 12 months (T1). Results: In both groups there was a significant advancement of soft tissue pogonion (HBT = 3.5 &plusmn; 3.0 mm, p &lt; 0.001; CTR = 2.2 &plusmn; 2.9 mm, p &lt; 0.001), but the difference between the two groups was not significant (p = 0.172). On the contrary, both groups had a significant advancement of the mandibular sulcus (HBT = 3.7 &plusmn; 2.8 mm, p &lt; 0.001; CTR = 1.2 &plusmn; 2.2 mm, p &lt; 0.001) and a lower lip protrusion (HBT = 3.45 &plusmn; 2.51 mm, p &lt; 0.001; CTR = 1.7 &plusmn; 2.7 mm, p = 0.008), but in both cases the HBT group showed a statistically significant greater increase in sulcus protrusion (p = 0.002) and lower lip protrusion (p = 0.029) than controls. There were no statistically significant effects on the upper jaw. Conclusions: The Herbst appliance advanced the lower jaw soft tissues

Rheological tests with a Boger fluid and a rough geometry

In rheometry rough geometries are often used to prevent wall-slip typically encountered with heterogeneous fluids. However, the fluid does not stand still within the geometry roughness and a residual wall-slip can be often measured. The problem can be treated as the flow through a porous medium that is here investigated when the fluid is non-Newtonian. We use a Boger fluid that is a good model for the Second Order Fluids and a commercial cross-hatched plate as rough geometry. The results obtained are in good qualitative agreement with predictions available in the literature and are promising for the development of a simple procedure to use rough geometries with viscoelastic fluids

Treatment of a Class II division 2 patient with severe skeletal discrepancy by using a custom made TPA proclination spring

This case report describes the orthodontic treatment of a boy, aged 15.3 years, with permanent dentition, mesofacial typology, affected with a severe sagittal skeletal Class II division 2 malocclusion, due to a mandibular retrusion. His chief compliant was the position of the maxillary incisors, displaced too palatally, and an impaired facial profile. Herbst and multi-bracket straightwire fixed appliances, together with a custom made modified transpalatal arch (i.e. TPA proclination spring), were used to correct the sagittal discrepancy and to improve the attractiveness of the impaired facial profile