Modificaciones histológicas del cartílago hialino a nivel de la articulación maleolar en ratas artríticas tratadas con Zea mays L (variedad morada)

El documento digital no refiere asesorDemuestra que el extracto de Zea mays L reduce las modificaciones histológicas en el cartílago hialino a nivel de la articulación maleolar en términos de la estructura, células y estado de integridad del cartílago, en ratas artríticas inducidas por pristane. Realiza un modelo de artritis en ratas Sprague Dawley inducido por pristane vía subdérmica (0.2 ml). Se distribuyeron en control positivo (n=10) vehículo (1ml/100g), Metotrexato (n=10) 0,1mg/Kg, Indometacina (n=10) 0.6 mg/kg, Zea mays 1% (n=10) 100mg/Kg, Zea mays 10% (n=10) 1000mg/Kg, Metotrexato +Zea mays 10% (n=10) 1000mg/Kg + 0,1mg/Kg, control negativo (n=5) VO (21 días), evaluándose la estructura, modificaciones celulares y estado de integridad del cartílago histológicamente a nivel de la articulación maleolar. Encuentra que Zea mays 1%, 10% y Metotrexato + Zea mays 10% presentaron diferencias al control positivo en estructura del cartílago. Las modificaciones celulares evidenciaron diferencias sólo en control positivo y en Metotrexato con Zea mays 10%. Hay diferencias en relación a la integridad del cartílago entre Zea mays 10% y Metotrexato + Zea mays 10% en comparación al control positivo. En el control positivo el 70% desarrolló artritis moderada y en Zea mays 1% fue 60%. El grupo Zea mays 10% desarrolló artritis moderada (40%), y otro 40% no desarrolló la enfermedad. El grupo Metotrexato +Zea mays 10%, el 70% no desarrolló la enfermedad, y ninguno hizo artritis moderada. Demuestra que la reducción de las modificaciones histológicas en el cartílago hialino a nivel de la articulación maleolar en términos de la estructura, células y estado de integridad del cartílago, tratadas Zea mays L en ratas son significativas.Tesi

Mobile Phone Use by the Elderly: Relationship between Usability, Social Activity, and the Environment

[EN] Mobile phones have caused diverging opinions regarding the change in communication patterns and the isolation among young people. However, in the case of the elderly, there are positive ef ects related to their use, their social activity, and their environmental awareness. This study connects these three variables beginning with the mobile telephone use by the elderly. A sample of 399 self-reliant elderly people was interviewed in Chile, where 159 had mobile phones. They answered the Usefulness, Satisfaction and Ease of Use Questionnaire (USE) and a series of questions about the environment and social life developed from previous studies. The results were analyzed using a multiple correspondence and correlation analysis. A high correlation between the three variables was found. Hence, a higher usability of mobile phones was associated with higher social activity and a higher environmental concern. These results showed that a design approach for the elderly could increase satisfaction regarding the use of a product and, as a result, improve communication with their social setting. From an environmental point of view, an indirect relationship was seen between the selection, use, and expectations of the end of life of the products.This research was funded by CONICYT FONDECYT grant number 1171037.Briede-Westermeyer, JC.; Pacheco-Blanco, B.; Luzardo-Briceño, M.; Pérez-Villalobos, C. (2020). Mobile Phone Use by the Elderly: Relationship between Usability, Social Activity, and the Environment. Sustainability. 12(7):1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12072690S114127WHO Envejecimiento y ciclo de vida https://www.who.int/ageing/about/facts/es/Indice de envejecimiento de las Americas https://public.tableau.com/views/EnvSal_IndiceEnvejecimiento_viz1/Dashboard1?:embed=yes&:toolbar=yes&:showVizHome=noLife Expectancy and Mortality at Older Ages https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/popfacts/PopFacts_2013-8_new.pdfShaw, L. H., & Gant, L. M. (2002). In Defense of the Internet: The Relationship between Internet Communication and Depression, Loneliness, Self-Esteem, and Perceived Social Support. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 5(2), 157-171. doi:10.1089/109493102753770552Vlontzos, G., Kyrgiakos, L., & Duquenne, M. (2018). What Are the Main Drivers of Young Consumers Purchasing Traditional Food Products? European Field Research. Foods, 7(2), 22. doi:10.3390/foods7020022Gu, F., Summers, P. A., & Hall, P. (2019). Recovering materials from waste mobile phones: Recent technological developments. Journal of Cleaner Production, 237, 117657. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.117657Bouma, H., Fozard, J. L., Bouwhuis, D. G., & Taipale, V. T. (2007). Gerontechnology in perspective. Gerontechnology, 6(4). doi:10.4017/gt.2007.06.04.003.00Peine, A., Rollwagen, I., & Neven, L. (2014). The rise of the «innosumer»—Rethinking older technology users. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 82, 199-214. doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2013.06.013Righi, V., Sayago, S., & Blat, J. (2017). When we talk about older people in HCI, who are we talking about? Towards a ‘turn to community’ in the design of technologies for a growing ageing population. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 108, 15-31. doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2017.06.005Suckling, J., & Lee, J. (2015). Redefining scope: the true environmental impact of smartphones? The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 20(8), 1181-1196. doi:10.1007/s11367-015-0909-4Gartner Gartner says smartphone sales grew 46.5 percent in second quarter of 2013 and exceeded feature phone sales for first time http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/2573415Tanskanen, P. (2013). Management and recycling of electronic waste. Acta Materialia, 61(3), 1001-1011. doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2012.11.005OECD Enviroment Directorate Materials Case Study 1: Critical Metals and Mobile Devices http://www.oecd.org/environment/waste/46132634.pdfOngondo, F. O., & Williams, I. D. (2011). Mobile phone collection, reuse and recycling in the UK. Waste Management, 31(6), 1307-1315. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2011.01.032Zambrano-Monserrate, M. A., & Alejandra Ruano, M. (2020). Do you need a bag? Analyzing the consumption behavior of plastic bags of households in Ecuador. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 152, 104489. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104489Sun, Y., Liu, N., & Zhao, M. (2019). Factors and mechanisms affecting green consumption in China: A multilevel analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production, 209, 481-493. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.241Shahsavar, T., Kubeš, V., & Baran, D. (2020). Willingness to pay for eco-friendly furniture based on demographic factors. Journal of Cleaner Production, 250, 119466. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119466Gutiérrez, E., Adenso-Díaz, B., Lozano, S., & González-Torre, P. (2010). A competing risks approach for time estimation of household WEEE disposal. Waste Management, 30(8-9), 1643-1652. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2010.02.032Pacheco-Blanco, B., Martínez-Gómez, M., Collado-Ruiz, D., & Capuz-Rizo, S. (2018). Sustainable Information in Shoe Purchase Decisions: Relevance of Data Based on Source. Sustainability, 10(4), 1170. doi:10.3390/su10041170SANHUEZA PARRA, M., CASTRO SALAS, M., & MERINO ESCOBAR, J. M. (2005). ADULTOS MAYORES FUNCIONALES: UN NUEVO CONCEPTO EN SALUD. Ciencia y enfermería, 11(2). doi:10.4067/s0717-95532005000200004Proposed Working Definition of an Older Person in Africa for the MDS Project https://www.who.int/healthinfo/survey/ageingdefnolder/en/Glosario Gerontologico http://www.senama.gob.cl/storage/docs/GLOSARIO_GERONTOLOGICO.pdfManual de Aplicación del Examen de Medicina Preventiva del Adulto Mayor https://www.minsal.cl/portal/url/item/ab1f81f43ef0c2a6e04001011e011907Luzardo, M., Márquez, V., Segovia, H., & Rangel, K. (2016). Índice de pobreza multivariante a través de la III Encuesta Nacional de Presupuestos Famililares 2004-2005. Comunicaciones en Estadística, 9(2), 199. doi:10.15332/s2027-3355.2016.0002.02Subnational Human Development Index (4.0) Biobío region 2017 https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/INE Instituto Nacional de Estadisticas Chile Resultados CENSO 2017 región del Biobío http://resultados.censo2017.cl/Region?R=R0

Repercussions on oral cavity due to piercing use. Case report

El piercing corporal se define como la penetración de un adorno a los orificios hechos en la piel y/o mucosa a través de un instrumento agudo que crea una abertura en torno a la cual es posible aplicar el ornamento. La utilización de piercing oral en jóvenes cada vez adquiere más fuerza debido a que se considera una expresión de arte en la cavidad oral. Dentro de las zonas más comunes para colocarlos están el dorso de la lengua y el labio inferior. Esta moda puede llegar a ser muy perjudicial para la salud oral ya que puede provocar infecciones y en el peor de los casos ocasionar complicaciones que coloquen en riesgo la vida. En el presente artículo se describe las características del daño ocasionado en la cavidad bucal por la utilización de un piercing lingual. Se reporta un paciente masculino de 29 años con fractura coronal y dolor al frío y calor en el diente 3.6; además de pérdida ósea vertical en los dientes 4.1 y 4.6; el caso se resolvió a través de tratamiento endodóntico no quirúrgico y tratamiento periodontal. Se concluye que el uso de piercing lingual puede asociarse a fracturas coronales y problemas periodontales.The corporal piercing is defined as the penetration of an ornament to holes made in the skin and/or mucosa, using an acute instrument that creates an opening through which the ornament can be applied. The use of oral piercing in young people is gaining strength because it is considered an expression of art in the oral cavity. Within the most common areas to place them are the back of the tongue and the lower lip. This fashion can become very harmful to oral health because it can cause infections and in the worst cases cause complications that place life at risk. In this article, we describe the characteristics of damage caused in the oral cavity for use of a tongue piercing. A 29-year-old male, patient with coronal fracture and pain to cold and heat in tooth 3.6 was reported, as well as vertical bone loss in teeth 4.1 and 4.6; the case was resolved through non-surgical endodontic treatment and referred to periodontics service. We conclude that the use of lingual piercing can be associated with coronal fractures and periodontal problems

Mathematical modeling tendencies in plant pathology

Nowadays plant diseases represent one of the major threats for crops around the world, because they carry healthy, economical, environmental and social problems. Considering this, it is necessary to have a description of the dynamics of plant disease in order to have sustainable strategies to prevent and diminish the impact of the diseases in crops. Mathematical tools have been employed to create models which give a description of epidemic dynamics; the commonly mathematical tools used are: Diseaseprogress curves, Linked Differential Equation (LDE), Area Under disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) and computer simulation. Nevertheless, there are other tools that have been employed in epidemiology of plant disease like: statistical tools, visual evaluations and pictorial assessment. Each tool has its own advantages and disadvantages. The nature of the problem and the epidemiologist necessities determine the mathematical tool to be used and the variables to be included into the model. This paperpresents review of the tools used in epidemiology of plant disease remarking their advantages and disadvantages and mathematical modeling tendencies in plant pathology

The magical practices in folk medicine in a colonization village of Extremadura, Spain

El conocimiento de las prácticas mágicas en la medicina popular de Guadiana del Caudillo (Badajoz) desde su entidad como pueblo de colonización extremeño aporta un rico saber sobre el mismo en Extremadura. De este modo nos encontramos que estas prácticas forman parte del acervo cultural del pueblo y que no han sido desplazadas, ni suprimidas hasta el momento. Esto puede dar una idea de la importancia que tienen estas creencias para poder comprender al sujeto con el que interaccionamos como médico, antropólogo, etc. Así encontramos el mal de ojo, el culebro, el empacho y otras prácticas más difíciles de clasificar y no por ello menos interesante (leche de mujer, saliva, sangre menstrual). Las prácticas mágicas podrán sufrir transformaciones, pero formaran siempre parte de la vida del hombre.The knowledge of magical practices in the folk medicine of Guadiana del Caudillo (Badajoz) from its organization as frontier town of colonization contributes a rich information about itself. In this way, we found that these practices comprise of the cultural heritage of the town and that they have not been moved, nor suppressed until now. This gives an idea of the importance of these beliefs in order to understand the subject with which we interacted as a doctor, anthropologist, etc.. Thus we found the evil eye, culebro, shyness, and other practices more difficult to classify and for that reason less of interest (milk of woman, saliva, menstrual blood). The magical practices may undergo transformations, but they will always comprise part of human life.Grupo de Investigación Antropología y Filosofía (SEJ-126). Universidad de Granad

Erupción Polimorfa del Embarazo: Revisión literaria.

Polymorphic eruption of pregnancy is defined as an inflammatory and pruritic dermatosis and is considered the most common skin disease during pregnancy and the immediate postpartum. The etiology is not yet defined. It is most prevalent in primiparous women and in multiple pregnancy. It appears most commonly on the abdomen and spreads to the proximal regions of the inferior extremities as erythematous papules that spare the periumbilical region. The diagnosis is clinical, and its management usually consists of only symptomatic treatment. The prognosis is favorable and often resolves spontaneously.La erupción polimorfa del embarazo se define como una dermatosis prurítica e inflamatoria y es considerada la manifestación dermatológica más común durante el embarazo y el postparto inmediato. Su etiología no está bien definida aún. Es más prevalente en mujeres primíparas y en embarazos múltiples. Se presenta de forma típica en abdomen y se extiende a las regiones proximales de las extremidades inferiores como pápulas eritematosas que respeta la zona periumbilical. Su diagnóstico es clínico y su manejo usualmente consiste solo en medidas de alivio sintomático. El pronóstico es favorable ya que su curso es autolimitado

Apoptosis and Redistribution of the Ro Autoantigen in Balb/c Mouse Like in Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus

In subacute cutaneous lupus eryhematosus (SCLE) the cutaneous antigens constitute the main source of Ro and La autoantigens. The aim of this investigation was to demonstrate if UV light increases the availability of Ro autoantigen in the skin, also the blocking effect of Ac-DEVD-CMK a caspase inhibitor was assessed. For this purpose newborn Balb/c mice were UVB irradiated (5–30 mJ/cm2) equivalent to a moderate to severe sunburn. Animals were injected with monoclonal anti-Ro antibodies from SCLE patients. Apoptosis was also induced by anti-Fas antibody injection. Skin samples were examined by direct immunofluoresence, by TUNEL, and the expression of caspase 3 by RT-PCR. Major findings of present studies were: 1. UVB irradiation and anti-Fas induced apoptosis of keratinocytes. 2. Apoptosis redistribute the Ro antigen on cell surface and is better triggered by Ro antibody. 3. The caspase 3 inhibitor Ac-DEVD-CMK decreases the availability of Ro autoantigen in epidermis and prevents deposition of anti-Ro. In conclusion, the caspase pathway would be blocked to avoid anti-Ro deposition along skin; this finding would be a prospect in the treatment of SCLE patients

Education for health and obesity in a school of Badajoz (Spain)

En el presente estudio se ha aplicado un test a 204 alumnos pertenecientes a los 8 grupos de 1º, 2º, 3º y 4º de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) de un colegio de Badajoz con la finalidad de identificar algunas de sus preconcepciones sobre alimentación y poder tomar las medidas oportunas. Paralelamente y siguiendo las pautas marcadas por la Consejería de Sanidad de la Junta de Extremadura se han realizado dos actuaciones de promoción de la salud, una compra saludable y otra basada en el ejercicio físico con 59 escolares de 3º de ESO y una vez concluidas se les pasó el test aplicado a la totalidad del alumnado de la ESO. Los alumnos implicados en la experiencia han comprendido y valorado la relación existente entre actividad física, alimentación equilibrada, diversión y ocio saludable. La motivación de estos alumnos ha sido muy alta y ha repercutido positivamente en su trabajo académico.A total of 204 students from 8 different groups of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th year of Compulsory Secondary Education (Spanish ESO) from a Badajoz school (Spain) have been tested in order to identify some of their concerns about diet and, on that basis, to take the appropriate measures. In the same way, following the guidelines set out by the Regional Government Ministry of Health of Extremadura, two promotion actions —one based on healthy shopping and other on physical exercise— have been carried out with 59 schoolchildren of 3rd year of Compulsory Secondary Education. The test has been administered to all Compulsory Secondary Education students, who have understood and valued the relationship involving physical activity, balanced diet, fun, and healthy leisure time. The high motivation of these students has had a positive effect on their academic work.Grupo de Investigación Antropología y Filosofía (SEJ-126). Universidad de Granad