Fatores sociodemográficos e excesso de peso em crianças participantes de programa governamental de distribuição de leite fortificado

Introduction:  Previous studies have shown the effectiveness of the VIVALEITE Project for promoting weight gain in children under two years old. Given the program´s effectiveness, children whose weight on entry was close to the normal limit for age may have become overweight during their participation. Objective: To analyze the association between sociodemographic factors and overweight in participants of the VIVALEITE Project. Methods: A cohort study with data on 1,039 infants from low-income families in the state of São Paulo enrolled on the Vivaleite Program at six months of age with a weight near the upper limit of adequacy between January 2003 and September 2008 was conducted. The proportion of children that became overweight during participation in the program and associations with sociodemographic conditions of each child (breastfeeding at six months, sex and birth weight) and mother/guardian (marital status, age, employment status and education) were investigated. Modeling was performed using multilevel logistic regression of socioeconomic variables and ages at weighing. The Stata program version 10.1 was used for analysis. Results: On multilevel analysis, the “yes” category of breastfeeding at six months (OR = 0.29, p = 0.000) and maternal employment (OR = 0.36, p = 0.012) were significantly associated with overweight in the children. The variables birth weight, sex, marital status, maternal age and education were not statistically associated with overweight. Conclusions: The sociodemographic factors “not breastfeeding at six months” and “maternal unemployment” were positively associated with overweight among the infants participating in the program.Introdução: Estudos anteriores mostraram a efetividade do programa VIVALEITE para o ganho de peso de crianças menores de dois anos. Como o programa é efetivo, é possível que crianças ingressantes com peso próximo ao limite considerado adequado para idade o ultrapassem no decorrer de sua participação. Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre fatores sociodemográficos e excesso de peso em participantes do programa VIVALEITE. Método: Estudo de coorte com dados de 1.039 crianças de famílias de baixa renda do interior do Estado de São Paulo, ingressantes no programa com seis meses de idade e peso próximo ao limite superior de adequação, entre janeiro/2003 e setembro/2008. Investigou-se a proporção de crianças que ficam com excesso de peso durante a participação no programa e associações com as condições sociodemográficas de cada criança (amamentação aos seis meses, sexo, peso ao nascer) e dos respectivos responsáveis (condição conjugal, idade, situação de trabalho, escolaridade). A modelagem foi feita por meio de regressão logística multinível das variáveis socioeconômicas e o conjunto das idades de pesagem. O processamento foi feito com o pacote estatístico Stata 10.1.Resultados: Conforme análise multinível, a categoria sim da variável aleitamento materno aos seis meses (OR=0,29, p=0,000) e a categoria trabalha da variável situação de trabalho materno (OR=0,36, p=0,012) foram associadas significantemente ao excesso de peso das crianças. As demais variáveis não foram associadas estatisticamente a excesso de peso. Conclusão: Não amamentação aos seis meses e ausência de trabalho materno são fatores sociodemográficos positivamente associados ao excesso de peso das crianças participantes do programa.

Verification of the influence of loading and mortar coating thickness on resistance to high temperatures due to fire on load-bearing masonries with clay tiles

Masonry has been widely used as a construction method. However, there is a lack of information on its fire behavior due to the multitude of variables that could influence this method. Thispaperaimedtoidentifytheinfluenceofloadingandmortarcoatingthicknessonthefirebehavior of masonry. Hence, six masonries made of clay tiles laid with mortar were evaluated. The mortar coatinghadathicknessof25mmonthefacenotexposedtohightemperatures,whilethefire-exposed face had thicknesses of 0, 15, and 25 mm. For each mortar coating thickness, two specimens were tested, with and without loading of 10 tf/m. The real-scale specimens were subjected to the standard ISO 834 fire curve for four hours, during which the properties of stability, airtightness, and thermal insulation were assessed. Results showed that loaded specimens yielded smaller deformations than unloadedones. Samplesthatlackedmortarcoatingonthefire-exposedfaceunderwentfireresistance decreaseof27.5%,whiletheoneswith15mmdecreasedby58.1%,andtheoneswith25mmdecreased by 41.0%. As mortar coating thickness increased, the plane deformations decreased from 40 mm to 29 mm and the thermal insulation properties of the walls improved significantly. For specimens with mortarcoatingthicknessof25mm,theloadapplicationresultedinareductionof23.8%ofthethermal insulation, while the unloaded specimen showed a decrease of 43.3%, as well as a modification of its fire-resistance rating

Evaluating steel fiber‐reinforced self‐consolidating concrete performance

The fiber‐reinforced self‐compacting concrete (FR‐SCC) is considered a high‐performance material, clustering characteristics of SCC combined with steel fibers. This paper assessed fresh and hardened state properties of a reference SCC and a FR‐SCC with fibers of three types and three quantities of reinforcement, totalizing 10 mixtures. Fresh state properties of the mixture were evaluated through the tests of slump‐flow, flow rate, filling ability, plastic viscosity by V‐funnel, passing ability by J‐ring and by L‐box; and hardened properties comprised compressive strength, flexural strength, and flexural toughness. Overall, it was observed that increasing the amount and length of fibers hindered the mixture workability. Also, the flexural strength and flexural toughness increased as the length and the amount of fibers increased. Regarding mechanical properties, it was not possible to identify an equivalence between the types of fibers evaluated and the compressive strength of mixtures. The flexural was proportional to the amount of fibers, with increases of up to 30% for concretes with fibers

Profundidade de semeadura e tipo de palhada influenciam a produtividade da soja

Implementing a crop such as a soybean requires favorable sowing conditions so that uniform and healthy seedlings emerge. This study aimed to evaluate the yield of soybeans crop concerning the type of soil cover and sowing depth. The experiment was conducted at the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul - University Unit of Cassilândia. A Completely randomized design with four replications in a 3x5 factorial scheme was used. Three cropping systems (without soil cover, millet straw, and brachiaria straw) and five sowing depths (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 cm) were evaluated. The emergence speed index, plant height, stem diameter, first pod insertion height, number of branches, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, and grain yield per plant were assessed. The highest yield per plant was obtained with millet straw and a sowing depth of 6 cm. It can be concluded that the sowing depth and type of straw influence the soybean grain yield.A implantação de uma cultura como a soja exige que na semeadura ocorram condições propícias, para que se obtenha uma emergência de plântulas uniformes e sadias. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade da cultura de soja em relação ao tipo de cobertura vegetal e profundidade de semeadura. O experimento foi realizado na Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul – Unidade Universitária de Cassilândia. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com 4 repetições em esquema fatorial 3x5, sendo três sistemas de cultivo (convencional, com palhada de milheto e palhada de braquiária) e cinco profundidades de semeadura (2, 4, 6, 8 e 10 cm). Avaliou-se o índice de velocidade de emergência, altura de planta, diâmetro, altura de inserção primeira vagem, número de ramificações, vagens por planta, grãos por vagem e produtividade por planta. Obteve-se maior produtividade por planta no tratamento associado a palhada de milheto e profundidade de semeadura de 6 cm. Conclui-se que a profundidade de semeadura e o tipo de palhada influenciam na produtividade da cultura de soja

Conceito vivido de sobrevivente ao câncer de mama: direcionamentos para cuidados de enfermagem e saúde

Objetivo: Desvelar o movimento existencial do ser mulher sobrevivente ao câncer de mama.Métodos: Qualitativo, fenomenológico, com analítica heideggeriana a partir de 15 entrevistas, entre outubro de 2020 e janeiro de 2021, em um hospital de ensino mineiro. À construção das Unidades de Significação, seguiram-se momentos metódicos compreensivos.Resultados: O ser-aí-mulher-sobrevivente-ao-câncer-de-mama se mostrou na cotidianidade, ocupada na manualidade dos afazeres dentro e fora de casa, movida pela impessoalidade e impropriedade. Desvelou-se o temor da morte, falatório, curiosidade e ambiguidade que a conduziram à decadência,vivenciada no mundo do tratamento e do seguimento, possibilitando ser-com. À angústia que se anunciou fugaz, seguiu-se a decadência que na maior parte das vezes a presença se mantém.Conclusões: Reforça-se a necessária estruturação de linha de cuidados especializada e interdisciplinar, em que o cuidado centrado na escuta ativa e qualificada abarque a multidimensionalidade, vislumbrando a mulher nos aspectos que permeiam a sobrevivência ao câncer. Palavras-chave: Neoplasias da mama. Sobreviventes de câncer. Pesquisa qualitativa. Enfermagem

Aplicação exógena de tiamina ameniza os efeitos da baixa saturação de bases do solo sobre plantas de pimentão?

O uso intensivo do solo para a produção de hortaliças resulta em elevada degradação do solo e da área de cultivo. A utilização de técnicas e recursos que viabilizem a produção sob condições desfavoráveis pode ser decisiva para agricultura. Desta maneira, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos isolados e conjuntos da correção do solo e da aplicação de tiamina sobre o desenvolvimento das plantas de pimentão. Os tratamentos foram compostos por três diferentes saturações de base do solo (36, 60 e 80%), combinadas à aplicação de tiamina via foliar (com e sem) na concentração de 100 mg L-1. Verificou-se que a tiamina ameniza os efeitos da baixa saturação por base do solo sobre as características fisiológicas das plantas de pimentão. Os incrementos relativos à eficiência do uso da água e da eficiência instantânea de carboxilação, possibilitaram maior desenvolvimento das plantas tratadas com tiamina. Em complemento, a aplicação da tiamina é vantajosa para casos em que o plantio é realizado em condições de baixa saturação por bases, seguida da oferta adequada de nutrientes ou sistemas em que há parcial ou total correção das características químicas do solo, promovendo o desenvolvimento das plantas e aumento da atividade fisiológica.The intensive use of land to produce vegetables results in high soil degradation and cultivated area. The use of techniques and resources that make production possible under unfavorable conditions can be decisive for agriculture. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the isolated and joint effects of liming and thiamine application on the development of bell pepper plants. The treatments consisted of three different soil base saturation (36, 60, and 80%), combined with foliar application of thiamine (with and without) at a concentration of 100 mg L-1. It was found that thiamine mitigates the effects of low base saturation on the physiological traits of bell pepper plants. The increments related to the water use efficiency and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency allowed greater development of plants treated with thiamine. In addition, the application of thiamine is advantageous in cases where planting is carried out under conditions of low base saturation, followed by an adequate supply of nutrients or systems in which there is a partial or total correction of the soil chemical characteristics, promoting the development of plants and increased physiological activity

Yield parameters and water productivity of tropical and overseeded winter forages

Intensive pasture exploitation with tropical forages is one of the most efficient forms ruminant production. However, the results depends on the knowledge about these forages and the experience in its management. The objective of this work was to evaluate water productivity (WP) and yield parameters of Megathyrsus maximum cv. Mombaça “Guinea grass” and Cynodon spp. “Bermuda grass”, in single culture and overseeded with oats + ryegrass in autumn/winter period. Irrigation management was done considering a depletion factor of 0.3 (70% of the humidity the field capacity). The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications, in which the forages are the treatments with evaluation at the time of the cycles. For all evaluated parameters, the best results were obtained with the Guinea grass in exclusive cultivation. The TFP (Total Forage Productivity) of Guinea grass was superior to Bermuda grass (59.3 and 30.2 Mg ha-1, respectively), in accordance with its average LAI (Leaf area index) values of 4.8 and 2.5, respectively. The most efficient use of water occurred for Guinea grass in exclusive cultivation, and the intercropped crops did not present increases in the WP. In the autumn/winter period, the accumulated TFP of the exclusive crop of Guinea grass was higher than the other crops. However, the SDM of Bermuda grass was higher than the other crops. In winter, the highest LAI occurred in Guinea grass in exclusive cultivation, followed by the overseeded Guinea grass, 4.8 and 4.5, respectively. Consortia did not increase forage yield during the winter. The consortiums did not increase forage yield during the winter

Mental health linked to the quality of life of health professionals, from the perspective of SARS-Cov2

Purpose of the study: To analyze the state of the art on the mental health and quality of life of health professionals who worked on the SARS-CoV-2 frontline. Method: This is an integrative literature review study. Results: Regarding the content of the works selected to compose the corpus of this study, it was possible to extract that the main reasons that affect well-being are correlated with levels of stress and anxiety. In addition, the articles linked depression and anguish as one of the determining factors tangent to the quality of life axis, despite the fact that, as explored, aspects such as physical activity were a determining factor for improving the quality of life. Conclusion: The work environment directly influences the worker\u27s mental health, and thus reveals the high overload in which to carry out their work activities without resources and without support, consequently affecting the quality of life