残疾和特殊教育学生在课堂上的需求：诊断、治疗和学校干预建议

Although there are many cognitive and behavioral alterations evidenced in school children; the conditions declared as disabilities due to their high prevalence in the classroom are cognitive disabilities, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The objective of the study aims to relate the most outstanding characteristics of each group related to the diagnosis and treatment of schoolchildren with a disability condition, in the space known as the classroom, allowing to establish a common care route to the alterations studied and the protocol to be followed. Develop by the teacher so that they have elements to carry out pedagogical intervention processes and the school student reaches significant learning within the framework of their individual differences. From a qualitative approach, an interpretive analysis of the data collected in the studied population is made. In terms of results, it is inferred that students with cognitive and mental psychosocial disabilities comply with the academic activities according to the program´s curriculum, with individual adjustments based on their neuro-pedagogical assessment and with the necessary support by specialized professionals. These last, in order to use teaching evaluation strategies for the learning of students and the use of therapeutic techniques considering the diagnoses by health professionals. The need for a collaborative work between the school and the family, and an articulated care development at all times between education and health, is evidenced.Aunque son muchas las alteraciones cognitivas y conductuales evidenciadas en escolarizados, las condiciones declaradas como discapacidad por su alta prevalencia en el aula son la cognitiva, así como el trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) y el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH). El objetivo de este estudio permitió relacionar las características más sobresalientes de cada grupo relacionadas con el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de escolarizados con una condición de discapacidad, en el espacio conocido como el aula, lo que permite establecer una ruta de atención común a las alteraciones estudiadas y el protocolo a desarrollar por el docente, de manera que tenga elementos para realizar procesos de intervención pedagógica y el escolarizado alcance un aprendizaje significativo en el marco de sus diferencias individuales. Desde un enfoque cualitativo, se hace un análisis interpretativo de los datos recolectados en la población estudiada. En cuanto a resultados, se infiere que los estudiantes en condición de discapacidad cognitiva y mental psicosocial cumplen las actividades académicas según el currículo del programa, con ajustes individuales a partir de su valoración neuropedagógica y con los apoyos necesarios de profesionales especializados, por lo que es necesario el apoyo a los docentes en el uso de estrategias de evaluación del aprendizaje del escolarizado y de técnicas terapéuticas, de acuerdo con los diagnósticos por parte de los profesionales de la salud. Se concluye que es necesario un trabajo colaborativo entre la escuela y la familia, además de un desarrollo de atención articulado en todos los momentos entre la educación y la salud.Хотя у школьников наблюдается множество когнитивных и поведенческих изменений, среди состояний, объявленных инвалидностью в силу их высокой распространенности в классе, выделяются когнитивные расстройства, а также расстройства аутистического спектра (РАС) и синдром дефицита внимания с гиперактивностью (СДВГ). Цель данного исследования позволила нам соотнести наиболее яркие характеристики каждой группы, связанные с диагностикой и лечением школьников с ограниченными возможностями, в пространстве, известном как классная комната, что позволяет нам установить общий маршрут внимания к изучаемым изменениям и протокол, который должен разработать учитель, чтобы у него были элементы для осуществления процессов педагогического вмешательства, а школьник достиг значительного обучения в рамках своих индивидуальных различий. На основе качественного подхода проводится интерпретационный анализ данных, полученных от изучаемой популяции. В результате сделан вывод о том, что учащиеся с когнитивными и психосоциальными нарушениями выполняют учебные задания в соответствии с учебным планом программы, с индивидуальной коррекцией на основе нейропедагогической оценки и при необходимой поддержке со стороны специализированных специалистов, поэтому необходима поддержка учителей в использовании стратегий оценки школьного обучения и терапевтических методов в соответствии с диагнозами, поставленными медицинскими работниками. Делается вывод о необходимости совместной работы школы и семьи, а также развития артикулированной помощи на постоянной основе между образованием и здравоохранением.尽管有证据指出在学生中有许多不同的认知和行为紊乱，但在课堂上因高患病率而被宣布为残疾的疾病是认知疾病，以及自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）。这项研究的目的使我们能够在称为教室的空间中将与残疾学童的诊断和治疗相关的每个群体的最突出特征联系起来，从而为所研究的改变建立一个共同的护理路线。由教师制定的协议，以便其具有进行教学干预过程的要素，并且学生在个体差异的框架内实现有意义的学习。研究采用定性方法，对研究人群中收集的数据进行解释性分析。从结果来看，有认知和心理社会障碍的学生按照项目课程开展学业活动，根据神经教育学评估进行个体调整，并得到专业人士的必要支持，因此有必要支持教师根据医疗专业人员的诊断，使用评估学生学习和治疗技术的策略。结论是，除了教育和健康之间始终推动明确的护理之外，学校和家庭之间的协作也是必要的

Higiene e a reinvenção da dietética

O objeto do presente artigo é o problema da formação histórica do saber médico da Higiene na sua relação com a nascente economia política e o modo como as técnicas dietéticas tornaram-se um importante instrumento dessa relação. O objetivo é demonstrar como a Higiene confiscou dois conjuntos de saberes, o vitalismo e o neo- hipocratismo, para responder às demandas da economia política, convertendo-se em uma “tecnologia do sujeito”, que teve na dietética o seu ponto mais importante de ancoragem. Para tanto, analisa alguns documentos médico-filosóficos da virada do século XVIII para o XIX, no âmbito luso-brasileiro. Esse canteiro histórico representa um importante momento para a biopolítica, pois implica seriamente como um elemento na transformação da noção de vida e, principalmente, para o seu desdobramento ético acerca da vida que vale a pena ser vivida

Higiene e a reinvenção da dietética: a economia política da vida na medicina luso-brasileira da passagem do século XVIII para o XIX

O objeto do presente artigo é o problema da formação histórica do saber médico da Higiene na sua relação com a nascente economia política e o modo como as técnicas dietéticas tornaram-se um importante instrumento dessa relação. O objetivo é demonstrar como a Higiene confiscou dois conjuntos de saberes, o vitalismo e o neo- hipocratismo, para responder às demandas da economia política, convertendo-se em uma “tecnologia do sujeito”, que teve na dietética o seu ponto mais importante de ancoragem. Para tanto, analisa alguns documentos médico-filosóficos da virada do século XVIII para o XIX, no âmbito luso-brasileiro. Esse canteiro histórico representa um importante momento para a biopolítica, pois implica seriamente como um elemento na transformação da noção de vida e, principalmente, para o seu desdobramento ético acerca da vida que vale a pena ser vivida

Um sobrevôo no "Caso Marie Curie": um experimento de antropologia, gênero e ciência

The present article aims to make a new reading of the "Marie Curie Case" under the sign of the event. The intention, thus, is to explore relations constituent of the controversy that if Nobel of 1903 unfolded in the prize, that she honoured the discovery of the radioactivity and radioactive elements. The starting point, for such taken over on a contract basis, will be the mediations between the relations of gender and the not-human beings mobilized in the laboratories. To leave of these mediations I describe the male/female difference of possibilities in also make-existing the Nature in relation to the power that the gender definition gives to ones in detriment of others, but as when make-existing the radioactivity consisted to "devir" that it made this relation to stutter, changing it of direction. "Marie Curie Case" it becomes non-separable two domains immediately: as much the involvement of the relations of gender in the scientific production, how much the involvement of science in the gender relations. This event resounds for anthropological and feminists approaches of science, thus, I place them in quarrel in the measure where the relations of being able had made me to respect the devir that the craft of the scientist put in scene: the radioactivity.O presente artigo visa fazer uma releitura do "Caso Marie Curie" sob o signo do acontecimento. O intuito, assim, é explorar relações constituintes da controvérsia que se desdobrou no prêmio Nobel de 1903, que laureou a descoberta da radioatividade e de elementos radioativos. A porta de entrada, para tal empreitada, serão as mediações entre as relações de gênero e os não-humanos mobilizados nos laboratórios. Baseado nessas mediações, descrevo a diferença de possibilidades masculino/feminina em fazer-existir a Natureza em relação ao poder que a definição de gênero dá a uns em detrimento de outros, mas também como ao fazer-existir a radioatividade constituiu-se um devir, que fez essa relação gaguejar, mudando-a de sentido. O "Caso Marie Curie" torna imediatamente inseparável dois domínios: tanto o envolvimento das relações de gênero na produção científica quanto o envolvimento da ciência nas relações de gênero. Esse acontecimento ressoa para abordagens antropológicas e feministas da ciência. Assim, coloco-as em discussão na medida em que as relações de poder fizeram-me respeitar o devir que o ofício da cientista pôs em cena: a radioatividade

Qualidade física do solo sob floresta secundária, leguminosas arbóreas e pastagem degradada

The objective of this work was to assess the efficiency of revegetation with forest leguminous species, for the recovery of the physical quality of a Typic Hapludult under degraded pasture, located in a steep-slope tropical landscape in Southeastern Brazil. Soil samples were collected at the 0–0.10 m and 0.10–0.20 m depths, in areas under Acacia auriculiformis (northern black wattle), Mimosa caesalpiniifolia (“sabiá”), Inga edulis (“ingá”), secondary forest (“capoeira”), and degraded pasture. Tensile strength (TS) was evaluated in soil aggregates of the size classes 8.0–12.5 mm and 12.5–19.0 mm, for the variables TS 8 and TS 12.5, respectively. The lowest mean values of both variables always occurred under the pasture cover (TS 8 of 37.1 kPa and TS 12.5 of 22.7 kPa, for the 0–0.10 m soil layer; and TS 8 of 39.2 kPa and TS 12.5 of 22.8 kPa, for the 0.10–0.20 m soil layer). The highest TS mean values were obtained under the “capoeira” cover (TS 8 of 62.2 kPa, for the 0–0.10 m soil layer) and “sabiá” cover (TS 12.5 of 46.0 kPa, for the 0–0.10 m soil layer; and TS 8 of 53.0 kPa and TS 12.5 of 51.4 kPa, for the 0.10–0.20 m soil layer). Land revegetation with leguminous trees recovers the soil physical quality, since the TS values under the evaluated covers are predominantly closer to those of the secondary forest than to those of the degraded pasture.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência da revegetação com espécies leguminosas florestais, para a recuperação da qualidade física de um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo sob pastagem degradada, localizado em uma paisagem tropical de declive acentuado no Sudeste brasileiro. Amostras de solo foram coletadas nas profundidades de 0–0,10 e 0,10–0,20 m em áreas sob Acacia auriculiformis (acácia), Mimosa caesalpiniifolia (sabiá), Inga edulis (ingá), floresta secundária (capoeira) e pastagem degradada. A resistência tênsil (TS) foi avaliada em agregados das classes de tamanhos de 8,0–12,5 e de 12,5–19,0 mm para as variáveis TS 8 e TS 12.5, respectivamente. Os menores valores médios dessas duas variáveis ocorreram sempre sob pastagem (TS 8 de 37,1 kPa e TS 12.5 de 22,7 kPa, para a camada de 0–0,10 m; e TS 8 de 39,2 kPa e TS 12.5 de 22,8 kPa, para a camada de 0,10–0,20 m). As maiores médias foram obtidas sob capoeira (TS 8 de 62,2 kPa, para a camada de 0–0,10 m) e sabiá (TS 12.5 de 46,0 kPa, para a camada de 0–0,10 m; e TS 8 de 53,0 kPa e TS 12.5 de 51,4 kPa, para a camada de 0,10–0,20 m). A revegetação de terras com leguminosas arbóreas recupera a qualidade física do solo, uma vez que os valores de TS sob essas coberturas apresentam-se predominantemente mais próximos dos TS da floresta secundária do que dos da pastagem degradada

Computed tomography segmental calcium score (SCS) to predict stenosis severity of calcified coronary lesions

To estimate the probability of a parts per thousand yen50 % coronary stenoses based on computed tomography (CT) segmental calcium score (SCS) and clinical factors. The Institutional Review Board approved the study. A training sample of 201 patients underwent CT calcium scoring and conventional coronary angiography (CCA). All patients consented to undergo CT before CCA after being informed of the additional radiation dose. SCS and calcification morphology were assessed in individual coronary segments. We explored the predictive value of patient's symptoms, clinical history, SCS and calcification morphology. We developed a prediction model in the training sample based on these variables then tested it in an independent test sample. The odds ratio (OR) for a parts per thousand yen50 % coronary stenosis was 1.8-fold greater (p = 0.006) in patients with typical chest pain, twofold (p = 0.014) greater in patients with acute coronary syndromes, twofold greater (p < 0.001) in patients with prior myocardial infarction. Spotty calcifications had an OR for a parts per thousand yen50 % stenosis 2.3-fold (p < 0.001) greater than the absence of calcifications, wide calcifications 2.7-fold (p < 0.001) greater, diffuse calcifications 4.6-fold (p < 0.001) greater. In middle segments, each unit of SCS had an OR 1.2-fold (p < 0.001) greater than in distal segments; in proximal segments the OR was 1.1-fold greater (p = 0.021). The ROC curve area of the prediction model was 0.795 (0.95 confidence interval 0.602-0.843). Validation in a test sample of 201 independent patients showed consistent diagnostic performance. In conjunction with calcification morphology, anatomical location, patient's symptoms and clinical history, SCS can be helpful to estimate the probability of a parts per thousand yen50 % coronary stenosis

Relación entre datos de mapas de rendimiento de cultivos de grano y el Índice de Vegetación Diferencial Normalizado (NDVI)

Trabajo final integrador. (Área de Consolidación Métodos Cuantitativos para la Investigación Agropecuaria) -- UNC- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, 2017Diversas fuentes de información son utilizadas en agricultura de precisión para el estudio de la variabilidad espacial dentro del lote. Entre ellas las mediciones obtenidas a partir imágenes satelitales son ampliamente utilizadas. Los índices espectrales como el Índice de Vegetación Diferencial Normalizado (NDVI) se relacionan con variables agronómicas y resultan útiles para evaluar indirectamente la condición del cultivo. En este trabajo se evalúa la relación entre rendimiento y NDVI y la congruencia entre clasificaciones (zonificaciones) obtenidas con rendimiento y NDVI. Se utilizaron 30 mapas de rendimientos de lotes agrícolas pertenecientes a la zona central de la Provincia de Buenos Aries, a partir de las cuales se obtuvieron valores de NDVI calculados con imágenes satelitales (landsat 7 y 8). Los resultados mostraron una baja correlación entre el NDVI y el rendimiento de los cultivos, tanto cuando se analizamos los valores cuantitativos en bruto y cuando se comparan las zonificaciones obtenidas con ambas variables

Prevalence of anatomical variants and coronary anomalies in 543 consecutive patients studied with 64-slice CT coronary angiography

The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of variants and anomalies of the coronary artery tree in patients who underwent 64-slice computed tomography coronary angiography (CT-CA) for suspected or known coronary artery disease. A total of 543 patients (389 male, mean age 60.5 ± 10.9) were reviewed for coronary artery variants and anomalies including post-processing tools. The majority of segments were identified according to the American Heart Association scheme. The coronary dominance pattern results were: right, 86.6%; left, 9.2%; balanced, 4.2%. The left main coronary artery had a mean length of 112 ± 55 mm. The intermediate branch was present in the 21.9%. A variable number of diagonals (one, 25%; two, 49.7%; more than two, 24%; none, 1.3%) and marginals (one, 35.2%; two, 46.2%; more than two, 18%; none, 0.6%) was visualized. Furthermore, CT-CA may visualize smaller branches such as the conus branch artery (98%), the sinus node artery (91.6%), and the septal branches (93%). Single or associated coronary anomalies occurred in 18.4% of the patients, with the following distribution: 43 anomalies of origin and course, 68 intrinsic anomalies (59 myocardial bridging, nine aneurisms), three fistulas. In conclusion, 64-slice CT-CA provides optimal visualization of the variable and complex anatomy of coronary arteries because of the improved isotropic spatial resolution and flexible post-processing tool

Computed tomography segmental calcium score (SCS) to predict stenosis severity of calcified coronary lesions

To estimate the probability of ≥50 % coronary stenoses based on computed tomography (CT) segmental calcium score (SCS) and clinical factors. The Institutional Review Board approved the study. A training sample of 201 patients underwent CT calcium scoring and conventional coronary angiography (CCA). All patients consented to undergo CT before CCA after being informed of the additional radiation dose. SCS and calcification morphology were assessed in individual coronary segments. We explored the predictive value of patient’s symptoms, clinical history, SCS and calcification morphology. We developed a prediction model in the training sample based on these variables then tested it in an independent test sample. The odds ratio (OR) for ≥50 % coronary stenosis was 1.8-fold greater (p = 0.006) in patients with typical chest pain, twofold (p = 0.014) greater in patients with acute coronary syndromes, twofold greater (p < 0.001) in patients with prior myocardial infarction. Spotty calcifications had an OR for ≥50 % stenosis 2.3-fold (p < 0.001) greater than the absence of calcifications, wide calcifications 2.7-fold (p < 0.001) greater, diffuse calcifications 4.6-fold (p < 0.001) greater. In middle segments, each unit of SCS had an OR 1.2-fold (p < 0.001) greater than in distal segments; in proximal segments the OR was 1.1-fold greater (p = 0.021). The ROC curve area of the prediction model was 0.795 (0.95 confidence interval 0.602–0.843). Validation in a test sample of 201 independent patients showed consistent diagnostic performance. In conjunction with calcification morphology, anatomical location, patient’s symptoms and clinical history, SCS can be helpful to estimate the probability of ≥50 % coronary stenosis

Autoimmune hepatitis in 828 Brazilian children and adolescents: clinical and laboratory findings, histological profile, treatments, and outcomes

In this large clinical series of Brazilian children and adolescents, autoimmunehepatitis-1 was more frequent, and patients with autoimmune hepatitis-2 exhibited higherdisease remission rates with earlier response to treatment. Patients with autoimmune hepatitis-1 had a higher risk of death.sentation, laboratory findings, histological profile, treatments, and outcomes of children andadolescents with autoimmune hepatitis.Methods: The medical records of 828 children and adolescents with autoimmune hepatitiswere reviewed. A questionnaire was used to collect anonymous data on clinical presentation,biochemical and histological findings, and treatments.Results: Of all patients, 89.6% had autoimmune hepatitis-1 and 10.4% had autoimmunehepatitis-2. The female sex was predominant in both groups. The median age at symptomonset was 111.5 (6; 210) and 53.5 (8; 165) months in the patients with autoimmune hepatitis1 and autoimmune hepatitis-2, respectively. Acute clinical onset was observed in 56.1% and58.8% and insidious symptoms in 43.9% and 41.2% of the patients with autoimmune hepatitis-1and autoimmune hepatitis-2, respectively. The risk of hepatic failure was 1.6-fold higher forautoimmune hepatitis-2. Fulminant hepatic failure occurred in 3.6% and 10.6% of the patientswith autoimmune hepatitis-1 and autoimmune hepatitis-2, respectively; the risk was 3.1-foldhigher for autoimmune hepatitis-2. The gamma globulin and immunoglobulin G levels were sig-nificantly higher in autoimmune hepatitis-1, while the immunoglobulin A and C3 levels werelower in autoimmune hepatitis-2. Cirrhosis was observed in 22.4% of the patients; biochem-ical remission was achieved in 76.2%. The actuarial survival rate was 93.0%. A total of 4.6%underwent liver transplantation, and 6.9% died (autoimmune hepatitis-1: 7.5%; autoimmunehepatitis-2: 2.4%).Conclusions: In this large clinical series of Brazilian children and adolescents, autoimmunehepatitis-1 was more frequent, and patients with autoimmune hepatitis-2 exhibited higherdisease remission rates with earlier response to treatment. Patients with autoimmune hepatitis-1 had a higher risk of death.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio