Local Invariants and Pairwise Entanglement in Symmetric Multi-qubit System

Pairwise entanglement properties of a symmetric multi-qubit system are analyzed through a complete set of two-qubit local invariants. Collective features of entanglement, such as spin squeezing, are expressed in terms of invariants and a classifcation scheme for pairwise entanglement is proposed. The invariant criteria given here are shown to be related to the recently proposed (Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 120502 (2005)) generalized spin squeezing inequalities for pairwise entanglement in symmetric multi-qubit states.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, REVTEX, Replaced with a published versio

A study of association between serum TSH levels and severity of heart failure in subclinical hypothyroidism

Background: Cardiovascular diseases account for most common cause of death in India and world so far. One of the established risk factors for HF is subclinical hypothyroidism. Our study aimed to study the relationship between TSH levels in subclinical hypothyroidism and the clinical severity of HF in patients with pre-existing HF. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the hospitals attached to Bangalore medical college and research Institute. 51 patients with HF who had subclinical hypothyroidism who satisfied the inclusion criteria were included, Data was collected in the form of history, clinical examination and relevant investigations. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of 51 patients, 70.6% were males and 29.4% were females and majority of the patients (33.3%) were aged 40 to 50 years. 35.3% patients had LV global hypokinesia, 31.4% had LV diastolic dysfunction and 21.6% had RWMA. Chi-square test showed statistically significant association between TSH and RWMA(p=0.00). Out of the 51 patients, NYHA Class-1 were 9.8%, Class-2 were 31.4%, Class-3 were 27.5% and Class-4 were 31.4%. Chi-square test showed no statistically significant association between TSH levels and NYHA class (p=0. 32). Conclusions: There was significant association between features suggestive of cardiac compromise on 2D-echocardiography with subclinical hypothyroidism, but there was no significant association between the severity of HF assessed clinically by NYHA class with subclinical hypothyroidism. Hence, our study couldn’t establish an association between severity of subclinical hypothyroidism on clinical severity of existing HF

Regulation of FeLV-945 by c-Myb binding and CBP recruitment to the LTR

BACKGROUND: Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) induces degenerative, proliferative and malignant hematologic disorders in its natural host, the domestic cat. FeLV-945 is a viral variant identified as predominant in a cohort of naturally infected animals. FeLV-945 contains a unique sequence motif in the long terminal repeat (LTR) comprised of a single copy of transcriptional enhancer followed by a 21-bp sequence triplicated in tandem. The LTR is precisely conserved among independent cases of multicentric lymphoma, myeloproliferative disease and anemia in animals from the cohort. The 21-bp triplication was previously shown to act as a transcriptional enhancer preferentially in hematopoietic cells and to confer a replicative advantage. The objective of the present study was to examine the molecular mechanism by which the 21-bp triplication exerts its influence and the selective advantage responsible for its precise conservation. RESULTS: Potential binding sites for the transcription factor, c-Myb, were identified across the repeat junctions of the 21-bp triplication. Such sites would not occur in the absence of the repeat; thus, a requirement for c-Myb binding to the repeat junctions of the triplication would exert a selective pressure to conserve its sequence precisely. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated specific binding of c-Myb to the 21-bp triplication. Reporter gene assays showed that the triplication-containing LTR is responsive to c-Myb, and that responsiveness requires the presence of both c-Myb binding sites. Results further indicated that c-Myb in complex with the 21-bp triplication recruits the transcriptional co-activator, CBP, a regulator of normal hematopoiesis. FeLV-945 replication was shown to be positively regulated by CBP in a manner dependent on the presence of the 21-bp triplication. CONCLUSION: Binding sites for c-Myb across the repeat junctions of the 21-bp triplication may account for its precise conservation in the FeLV-945 LTR. c-Myb binding and CBP recruitment to the LTR positively regulated virus production, and thus may be responsible for the replicative advantage conferred by the 21-bp triplication. Considering that CBP is present in hematopoietic cells in limiting amounts, we hypothesize that FeLV-945 replication in bone marrow may influence CBP availability and thereby alter the regulation of CBP-responsive genes, thus contributing to altered hematopoiesis and consequent hematologic disease

Ultrasonic Synthesis of Al-SBA-15 Nanoporous Catalyst for t-Butylation of Ethylbenzene

Mesoporous Al-SBA-15 ( Si / Al = 25 ) catalysts were synthesised by the ultrasonic (US) irradiation method at different time durations (1, 3, and 5 h) using the pluronic P123 triblock copolymer as a template. The synthesised catalysts were examined in detail by XRD, ICP-AES, N2 adsorption-desorption, SEM, TEM, FT-IR, and TGA characterization techniques. The characterization results reveal that the catalysts possess a well-ordered hexagonal mesoporous structure. The catalytic activity of synthesised materials was investigated in the tert-butylation of ethylbenzene at different reaction conditions, and their identified products are para-tert-butylethylbenzene (p-tert-BEB) and meta-tert-butylethylbenzene (m-tert-BEB). It was found that high ethylbenzene conversion (69%) is achieved at 200°C with high selectivity towards p-tert-butylethylbenzene (80%). The optimum feed ratio (ethylbenzene: t-butyl alcohol) was 1 : 2, and the feed rate was 2 ml/h for high conversion and product selectivity. All these synthesised Al-SBA-15 (US) catalysts are compared with hydrothermally synthesised Al-SBA-15 (HT) at the same reaction conditions

Non-local properties of a symmetric two-qubit system

Non-local properties of symmetric two-qubit states are quantified in terms of a complete set of entanglement invariants. We prove that negative values of some of the invariants are signatures of quantum entanglement. This leads us to identify sufficient conditions for non-separability in terms of entanglement invariants. Non-local properties of two-qubit states extracted from (i) Dicke state (ii) state generated by one-axis twisting Hamiltonian, and (iii) one-dimensional Ising chain with nearest neighbour interaction are analyzed in terms of the invariants characterizing them.Comment: 5 pages, no figure

Genetic Determinants of Feline Leukemia Virus-Induced Multicentric Lymphomas

AbstractThree discrete forms of feline leukemia virus (FeLV)-associated lymphoma have been described clinically: (1) thymic, (2) alimentary, and (3) multicentric. The most common and best-characterized lymphomas are of T-cell origin, generally occurring in the thymus. These tumors typically contain mature T-cells, involve the activation of a distinctive set of proto-oncogenes, and contain FeLV proviruses whose long terminal repeat (LTR) sequences contain tandemly repeated enhancers. Previous studies of a small group of extrathymic, multicentric lymphomas implicated a different set of genetic determinants. The present study expands those observations by examining the lineage of origin, the involvement of proto-oncogenes, and the structure of LTR andenvgene sequences in a set of 11 natural, extrathymic lymphomas of the multicentric type. A pattern of genetic events associated with FeLV-positive multicentric lymphomas emerges from this analysis that is clearly distinct from the pattern associated with thymic lymphomas. The tumors do not contain T-cells or B-cells, as evidenced by the germ line organization of TCRβ and IgH loci. Proto-oncogenes strongly implicated in T-cell lymphomagenesis are not involved in these tumors. Rather, a distinct set of proto-oncogenes may be involved. Most striking is the repeated occurrence of an FeLV isolate whose LTR andenvgene bear unique sequence elements

Monogamous property of generalized W states in three-qubit systems in terms of relative entropy of entanglement

Because of the difficulty in getting the analytic formula of relative entropy of entanglement, it becomes troublesome to study the monogamy relations of relative entropy of entanglement for three-qubit pure states. However, we find that all generalized W states have the monogamous property for relative entropy of entanglement by calculating the relative entropy of entanglement for the reduced states of the generalized W states in three-qubit systems.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figur

Global wealth disparities drive adherence to COVID-safe pathways in head and neck cancer surgery

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