166 research outputs found

    La Loi sur la protection de la jeunesse et les travailleurs sociaux : impacts sur leurs valeurs, sur leur pratique et sur leur formation

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    La Loi sur la protection de la jeunesse a considĂ©rablement heurtĂ© les valeurs et les attitudes des travailleurs sociaux, elle a modifiĂ© l'objet de leur pratique et elle a entraĂźnĂ© une gestion des services sociaux en protection de la jeunesse qui se traduit par une forte segmentation de la pratique sociale. Face Ă  ces changements profonds, les travailleurs sociaux en sont arrivĂ©s au fil des annĂ©es Ă  un degrĂ© d'adaptation et d'acceptation qui surprend. Ces modifications entraĂźnent cependant des ajustements Ă  leur formation. Ils devront en effet possĂ©der un solide cadre de rĂ©fĂ©rence, une bonne identitĂ© professionnelle et une bonne maĂźtrise du processus clinique. Il leur faudra ĂȘtre adaptables, polyvalents et surtout capables de partager avec d'autres un processus clinique dans lequel ils interviendront partiellement

    Affect, Interpersonal Behaviour and Interpersonal Perception During Open-Label, Uncontrolled Paroxetine Treatment of People with Social Anxiety Disorder: A Pilot Study

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    Background: Laboratory-based research with community samples has suggested changes in affective, behavioural and cognitive processes as possible explanations for the effects of serotonergic medications. Examining the effects of serotonergic medications using an ecological momentary measure (such as event-contingent recording) in the daily lives of people with social anxiety disorder would contribute to establishing the effects of these medications on affect, behaviour and one form of cognition: perception of others’ behaviour. Methods: The present study assessed changes in affect, interpersonal behaviour and perception of others’ behaviour in adults with social anxiety disorder using ecological momentary assessment at baseline and over 4 months of a single-arm, uncontrolled, open-label trial of treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine. Results: Anxiety and concurrent depressive symptoms decreased. Participants also reported increased positive and decreased negative affect; increased agreeable and decreased quarrelsome behaviour; increased dominant and decreased submissive behaviour; and increased perception that others behaved agreeably toward them. Moreover, participants demonstrated reduced intraindividual variability in affect, interpersonal behaviour and perception of others’ behaviour. Limitations: Limitations included the lack of a placebo group, the inability to identify the temporal order of changes and the restricted assessment of extreme behaviour. Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrate changes during pharmacotherapy in the manifestation of affect, interpersonal behaviour and interpersonal perception in the daily lives of people with social anxiety disorder. Given the importance of interpersonal processes to social anxiety disorder, these results may guide future research seeking to clarify mechanisms of action for serotonergic medications

    Effet du chargement sur la précision d'une machine-outils cinq-axes

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    RÉSUMÉ Ce projet de recherche porte sur l’étude d’une potentielle relation entre le chargement dĂ» au poids de la piĂšce et les erreurs volumĂ©triques sur une machine-outil 5-axes Ă  table verticale. Il prend le relais de l’étude de B. Asadishad [1] dans lequel le lien entre le chargement et les erreurs paramĂ©triques fut Ă©tudiĂ©. Ici, l’étude des performances de la machine en termes de prĂ©cision et de rĂ©pĂ©tabilitĂ© des erreurs volumĂ©triques sous charge sera privilĂ©giĂ©e. Les charges appliquĂ©es dans l’étude prĂ©cĂ©dente sont reprises mais le protocole de test et de mesures a Ă©tĂ© adaptĂ©. Ainsi, les tests dĂ©veloppĂ©s pour la prĂ©sente Ă©tude se servent de blocs (acier) simulant une force, des entretoises lĂ©gĂšres (aluminium) couplĂ©s aux blocs simulant un moment et des sphĂšres montĂ©es sur des tiges de 280 mm de hauteur. Un protocole de test a ensuite Ă©tĂ© mis au point spĂ©cifiant les indexations des axes rotatifs B et C de la machine-outil et leur ordre, le nombre de blocs et d’entretoises ainsi que leur position sur la table et le nombre de sphĂšres palpĂ©es. Ensuite, la machine comportant une zone de travail et une zone de chargement, un test de rĂ©pĂ©tabilitĂ© a Ă©tĂ© effectuĂ© pour quantifier la prĂ©cision de placement de la table aprĂšs ĂȘtre passĂ©e dans la zone de chargement. La hauteur des tiges pouvant engendrer des erreurs de mesure en raison de dĂ©flexion sous leur propre poids et sous l’effet de la force du palpeur un test nommĂ© « 0 » sera utilisĂ© comme rĂ©fĂ©rence afin d’annuler les erreurs dues Ă  la dĂ©flexion de la tige lors des palpages. Une sĂ©rie de 16 tests a Ă©tĂ© effectuĂ©e avec 16 chargements diffĂ©rents, chaque test a demandĂ© 2 heures de temps Ă  la machine et Ă  l’opĂ©rateur pour ĂȘtre rĂ©alisĂ©. A l’issu de ces tests, les donnĂ©es brutes sont analysĂ©es. D'autre part, les forces et moments engendrĂ©s par les poids, les erreurs volumĂ©triques, les dĂ©viations linĂ©aires et angulaire de chaque plan de palpage par rapport au plan de rĂ©fĂ©rence ainsi que la matrice des p-values de l’ensemble des donnĂ©es sont calculĂ©s. Certains comportements redondants ont pu ĂȘtre observĂ©s dans lesquels des conclusions ont pu ĂȘtre tirĂ©es par rapport Ă  la prĂ©cision de la machine en fonction du chargement et de la position de la table de la machine dans l’espace de travail. Enfin, cette Ă©tude s’est focalisĂ©e sur les erreurs volumĂ©triques engendrĂ©es par un chargement sans prendre en compte les nombreuses autres sources d’erreurs comme la thermique et la dynamique. Il serait alors intĂ©ressant de coupler cette Ă©tude sur les effets du chargement avec des Ă©tudes plus gĂ©nĂ©rales portant sur les sujets citĂ©s prĂ©cĂ©demment. Au terme de cette Ă©tude, il a Ă©tĂ© possible de mettre en avant l’existence de corrĂ©lations significatives entre le chargement et les erreurs mesurĂ©es et calculĂ©s. Le lien entre la charge et les erreurs volumĂ©triques apparaĂźt comme le plus fort.----------ABSTRACT This thesis presents a study of a possible relation between the load from the weight of the workpiece put on the table and volumetric errors. This work is the continuity of the study conducted by B. Asadishad [1] in which the link between the load and the error parameters was studied. Here, the study of machine performances regarding the precision and the repeatability of volumetric errors under load will be considered. The loading system used is the same as in the previous study but the test protocol and measurement protocol are adapted for the current study. The new test protocol developed uses heavy blocs of steel to simulate weight, light spacers paired with heavy blocs to simulate torque and spheres mounted on top of 280 mm rods. Then new test protocol specifies the indexation pairs of the B- and C-axis of the machine and their order of execution, the number of blocs and spacers and their position on the table, the number of spheres probed and the order in which tests have been conducted during a day of testing. Moreover and because the machine presents a loading area and a working area a repeatability test was done to quantify the repeatability of repositioning the table after traveling to and from the loading area. Because the height of rods could create errors of measurement because of deflexion under their own weight and under the force of the probe during the tests a test called « test 0 » is used as a reference to remove this effect form the loaded tests. A set of 16 tests is conducted with 16 different loading system. Each test lasts for 2 hours. From these tests raw data are analyzed. Then weight and torques produced by blocs, volumetric errors and the the rigid body motion of the table are compared to the reference plane and the p-values matrix are calculated. Significant correlation have been detected between the load (forces and torques), volumetric errors and the the rigid body motion of the table. More specifically, forces in Y directions and torques around X and Z axis are strongly correlated. Thus, table position, indexations, volumetric errors and the the rigid body motion of the table, show significant correlations. Nevertheless, this method does not make possible the identification of error sources

    Cleavage of a Neuroinvasive Human Respiratory Virus Spike Glycoprotein by Proprotein Convertases Modulates Neurovirulence and Virus Spread within the Central Nervous System.

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    International audienceHuman coronaviruses (HCoV) are respiratory pathogens that may be associated with the development of neurological diseases, in view of their neuroinvasive and neurotropic properties. The viral spike (S) glycoprotein is a major virulence factor for several coronavirus species, including the OC43 strain of HCoV (HCoV-OC43). In an attempt to study the role of this protein in virus spread within the central nervous system (CNS) and neurovirulence, as well as to identify amino acid residues important for such functions, we compared the sequence of the S gene found in the laboratory reference strain HCoV-OC43 ATCC VR-759 to S sequences of viruses detected in clinical isolates from the human respiratory tract. We identified one predominant mutation at amino acid 758 (from RRSR↓ G758 to RRSR↓R758), which introduces a putative furin-like cleavage (↓) site. Using a molecular cDNA infectious clone to generate a corresponding recombinant virus, we show for the first time that such point mutation in the HCoV-OC43 S glycoprotein creates a functional cleavage site between the S1 and S2 portions of the S protein. While the corresponding recombinant virus retained its neuroinvasive properties, this mutation led to decreased neurovirulence while potentially modifying the mode of virus spread, likely leading to a limited dissemination within the CNS. Taken together, these results are consistent with the adaptation of HCoV-OC43 to the CNS environment, resulting from the selection of quasi-species harboring mutations that lead to amino acid changes in viral genes, like the S gene in HCoV-OC43, which may contribute to a more efficient establishment of a less pathogenic but persistent CNS infection. This adaptative mechanism could potentially be associated with human encephalitis or other neurological degenerative pathologies

    A new method of probing mechanical losses of coatings at cryogenic temperatures

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    A new method of probing mechanical losses and comparing the corresponding deposition processes of metallic and dielectric coatings in 1-100 MHz frequency range and cryogenic temperatures is presented. The method is based on the use of extremely high-quality quartz acoustic cavities whose internal losses are orders of magnitude lower than any available coatings nowadays. The approach is demonstrated for Chromium, Chromium/Gold and a multilayer tantala/silica coatings. The Ta2O5/SiO2{\rm Ta}_2{\rm O}_5/{\rm Si}{\rm O}_2 coating has been found to exhibit a loss angle lower than 1.6×10−51.6\times10^{-5} near 30 {\rm MHz} at 4 {\rm K}. The results are compared to the previous measurements
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