Hybrid Algorithm based on Genetic Algorithm and Tabu Search for Reconfiguration Problem in Smart Grid Networks Using "R"

Reconfiguration of distribution networks aims to support the decision support, planning and/or real-time control of the operation of the electricity network. It is accomplished modifying the network structure of distribution feeders by changing the sectionalizing switches. Ensure higher levels of continuity and reliability to the electricity supply service are some of the requirements of consumers and electric power providers in the Smart Grid (SG) context. The goal of this paper is to propose a hybrid algorithm (Genetic and Tabu) for the reconfiguration problem based on " R " in order to better support the decision making process. Beyond that, " R " modeling of electricity networks improves the response time when handling issues of network reconfiguration using graph theory. The status of switches is decided according to graph theory subject to the radiality constraint of the distribution networks. The algorithm is presented and simulation results of IEEE 16-bus system, showing good results and computational efficiency

Identifying Ancient Settlement Patterns through LiDAR in the Mosquitia Region of Honduras

The Mosquitia ecosystem of Honduras occupies the fulcrum between the American continents and as such constitutes a critical region for understanding past patterns of socio-political development and interaction. Heavy vegetation, rugged topography, and remoteness have limited scientific investigation. This paper presents prehistoric patterns of settlement and landuse for a critical valley within the Mosquitia derived from airborne LiDAR scanning and field investigation. We show that (i) though today the valley is a wilderness it was densely inhabited in the past; (ii) that this population was organized into a three-tiered system composed of 19 settlements dominated by a city; and, (iii) that this occupation was embedded within a human engineered landscape. We also add to a growing body of literature that demonstrates the utility of LiDAR as means for rapid cultural assessments in undocumented regions for analysis and conservation. Our ultimate hope is for our work to promote protections to safeguard the unique and critically endangered Mosquitia ecosystem and other similar areas in need of preservation

'E-motive': An investigation of emotion and meaning in motion

In collaboration with Philips a postgraduate research team at the Centre for Design Research investigated how context can influence the emotion and meaning of a set of product motions, such as opening or closing, turning and waving. The aim was to determine whether there was significant consistency in observer response to these motion scenarios, to inform the design process of key semantic considerations. This project stemmed from the Philips project iCat that was designed to enable researchers to study behaviour, determine whether human interaction patterns can be mimicked and whether or not people recognise or even want such characteristics in robots. The aim was to facilitate a more intuitive interface between humans and appliances, providing richer interaction and a more sensorial experience. The term e-motive was adopted as a working title to explain a new process of researching, which would highlight any inadequacies of the conventional design process to deal with the additional channel of movement. Derived from the two words emotion and movement, e-motive was descriptive of our preliminary objective of expressing emotions through movement. Our main aim was to develop greater understanding around the process of designing movements into objects that could act as physical mediators of information and emotional content. In-order to consciously design movements, new methods and process were required if we were to develop additional 'channels of expression' into conventional industrial design practice. Intrinsic to the e-motive testing method, was the influence that 'contextual' factors had on the perceptions of both movement and emotions. To be able to fully specify and explicitly design a movement with an intended emotional message, it was found to be essential to separate the movement from any contextual interference. This was considered crucial to creating intentional emotional loading in objects, which could be derived irrespective of contextual influences. The fundamental problem was how to obtain a 'contextually devoid' response from a person to a movement. It was found that while in some cases common perceptions of a motion differed from expectation, reliability of communicating emotion by motion was dependent upon observers having some shared formal semantics to comprehend context. As a consequence of this it was considered essential that intended context should be easily derived through the fundamental language of the form

Polytetrafluoroethylene And Human Sclera In Surgical Treatment Of Scleral Perforation In Rabbits [politetrafluoroetileno E Esclera Humana No Tratamento Cirúrgico De Perfura̧ão Escleral Em Coelhos]

Purpose: An experimental study to evaluate the behavior of polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex®) compared with human sclera, in scleral perforations induced in rabbits eyes was performed. Methods: Twenty-two eyes of rabbits were submitted to scleral perforation followed by Gore-Tex® graft in the left eye and human sclera graft in the right eye respectively. During one month the postoperative evolution was analyzed every day: intensity of hyperemia, presence of infection, secretion, rejection and tonicity of the eyes. Results: No cases of secretion, infection or rejection were observed. The histological sections showed fibrosis in the eyes with Gore-Tex®, good adhesion and epithelization. Conclusion: The Gore-Tex® showed to be a plausible material to be used as graft in scleral defects with some advantages such as easy obtention, good handling and durability.646563567Koenig, S.B., Kaufman, H.E., The treatment of necrotizing scleritis with an autogenous periosteal graft (1983) Ophthalmic Surg, 14, pp. 1029-1032Blum Jr., F.G., Salamoun, S.G., Scleromalacia perforans: A useful surgical modification in fascia lata or scleral grafting (1963) Arch Ophthalmol, 69, p. 287Merz, E.H., Scleral reinforcement with aortic tissue (1964) Am J Ophthalmol, 57, pp. 66-70Huang, W.J., Hu, F.R., Chang, S., Clinicopathologic study of gore tex path grafting corneoscleral surgery (1994) Cornea, 13, pp. 82-86Mauriello Jr., J.A., Pokorny, K., Use of split-tickness dermal grafts to repair corneal and scleral defets-a study of 10 patients (1993) Br J Ophtalmol, 377, pp. 327-331Nishiwaki-Dantas, M.C., Abbott, R.L., Dantas, P.E.C., Use of corneal patch graft repair scleral defect secondary to pterygium excision and topical mitomycin-C therapy (1995) Arq Bras Oftalmol, 58, pp. 170-173Koenig, S.B., Sanitato, J.J., Kaufman, H.E., Long-term follow-up study of scleroplasty using autogenous periosteum (1990) Cornea, 9, pp. 139-143Legeais, J.M., Renard, G., D'Hermies, F., Rossi, C., Pouliquen, Y., Surgical management of corneal perforation with explanded polytetrafluorethylene (Gore Tex) (1991) Ophthalmic Surg, 22, pp. 213-217Bick, M.W., Surgical treatment of scleromalacia perforans (1959) Arch Ophthalmol, 61, pp. 907-917Mauriello Jr., J.A., Fiore, P.M., Pokorny, K.S., Cinotti, D.J., Use of split-tickness dermal grafts in the surgical treatment of corneal and scleral defects (1988) Am J Ophthalmol, 105, pp. 244-247Nishiwaki-Dantas, M.C., Abbott, R.L., Dantas, P.E.C., Reparação de defeito escleral ou corneo-escleral com enxerto corneano (1995) Arq Bras Oftalmol, 58, pp. 295-298Florian, A., Cohn, L.H., Dammin, G.J., Collins, J.J., Small vessel replacement with Gore-Tex (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene) (1976) Arch Surg, 111, pp. 267-270Kenyon, K.R., Wagoner, M.D., Hettinger, M.T., Conjunctival autograft transplantation for advanced and recurrent pterygium (1985) Ophthalmology, 92, pp. 1461-1470Obear, M.F., Winter, F.C., (1964) Technique of Overlay Scleral Homograft Arch Ophthalmol, 71, pp. 837-838Raizman, M.B., De La Dsainz Maza, M., Foster, C.S., Tectonic keratoplasty for peripheral ulcerative keratitis (1991) Cornea, 10, pp. 312-316Breslin, C.W., Katz, J.I., Kaufman, H.E., Surgical treatment of necrotizing scleritis (1977) Arch Ophthalmol, 95, pp. 2038-2040Tawakol, M.E., Peyman, G., Lui, K.R., Kaufman, H.E., Gore-Tex soft tissue bands as scleral explants in rabbits a preliminary histologic study (1989) Ophtthalmic Surg, 20, pp. 199-201Whitmore, W.G., Harrison, W., Curtis, B.J., Scleral reinforcement in rabbits using synthetic graft materials (1990) Ophthalmic Surg, 21, pp. 327-33

A Typology of Ancient Purépecha (Tarascan) Architecture from Angamuco, Michoacán, Mexico

The morphological study of architectural features, the building arrangement within urban spaces, and multiscalar variation are critical for understanding urbanism as a process. Building types and architectural typologies form the foundational blocks of urban morphology and are essential for identifying architectural patterning. We use a process-typological approach to present an architectural typology from the ancient Purépecha (Tarascan) city of Angamuco, located in the Lake Pátzcuaro Basin, Michoacán, Mexico. Using archaeological survey, lidar analysis, and excavation, we analyze building foundations from houses and public structures; storage facilities; monumental architecture such as pyramids, altars, and public buildings; and landscape features such as plazas, roads, terraces, and raised roadways locally known as huatziri. Our typology enhances understanding of the dense urban environment of this important prehispanic city during and after the formation of the Purépecha Empire