Etude du comportement rhéologique et mécanique de composites recyclés et pollués : recyclage iso fonction, rêve ou réalité ? = Study of rheological and mechanical behaviour of recycled and polluted composites : iso function recycling, dream or reality

National audienceNous étudions les effets de la pollution et du recyclage sur deux composites à matrice polypropylène. Ces effets ont été identifiés non seulement par la mesure du poids moléculaire et des propriétés rhéologiques mais aussi sur les caractéristiques mécaniques. Les polluants modèles choisis sont de l'éthylène glycol majoritairement présent dans le liquide de frein et de l'huile moteur. Ils ont été incorporés dans les composites en cours du process d'extrusion. Le recyclage a été simulé en effectuant plusieurs cycles d'extrusions successifs. Les échantillons ont été recyclés de 1 à 12 fois. Toutes ces nuances ont été testées. L'indice de fluidité, la viscosité, les propriétés en traction quasi statique ainsi que en compression dynamique ont été mesurés. Les polluants affectent davantage les propriétés rhéologiques par rapport aux propriétés mécaniques. Le recyclage thermomécanique, quant à lui, est principalement préjudiciable sur le comportement à rupture. Le résultat remarquable concerne l'effet modérateur des polluants sur la dégradation due au recyclage des propriétés des matériaux

Comportement mécanique de polymères chargés recyclés

L'augmentation croissante des plastiques dans le secteur automobile et le problème du à leur recyclage ont incité la communauté européenne à imposer un recyclage iso-fonction des pièces de semi structures dans l'automobile dans les années à venir. La présente étude concerne les effets du procédé de recyclage sur le comportement mécanique de polypropylènes (PP) choc chargés ou non chargés de particules de talc. Le comportement mécanique des matériaux vierges et des matériaux recyclés a été caractérisé pour différents type de chargement : traction, flexion, fluage et relaxation. Les évolutions des caractéristiques d'élasticité, de plasticité et de rupture ont été identifiées. Des comparaisons entre les différents modes de chargements ont permis de mettre en avant certaines similitudes notamment concernant le module d'élasticité en flexion et en traction. De même, les différents essais de fluage permettent de montrer l'effet complexe du procédé de recyclage sur les capacités de relaxation des matériaux étudiés

Mechanical behavior of recycled PP composites under tensile, bending and creep loading : experimental and modeling

International audienceBy the 2000/53/CE directive, the European Union leads to develop the recycling process industry, specially the plastic one, for End of Life Vehicles (ELV). To value these recycled materials by an iso-function use, as for example for car semi structure elements, it is necessary for the mechanical properties to be better known. In this study, the effects of the recycling process on the mechanical behavior of polypropylene (PP)/elastomeric, talc particles filled or not, are presented, through different loading tests: tensile (small and finite strain), bending and creep tests. The failure, plasticity and elasticity parameters modifications are established. Tensile and bending tests lead to some similar characteristics evolution as, for example elastic modulus values. The creep behavior evolution is more complex to understand. Both materials have a near finite strain macroscopic behavior so that, taking account of each component (talc, EPDM or EPR elastomeric part) the intrinsic behavior can be well described in the mechanical model finally presented

Comportement mécanique de polymères chargés recyclés

Colloque avec actes et comité de lecture. Internationale.International audienceL'augmentation croissante des plastiques dans le secteur automobile et le problème du à leur recyclage ont incité la communauté européenne à imposer un recyclage iso-fonction des pièces de semi structures dans l'automobile dans les années à venir. La présente étude concerne les effets du procédé de recyclage sur le comportement mécanique de polypropylènes (PP) choc chargés ou non chargés de particules de talc. Le comportement mécanique des matériaux vierges et des matériaux recyclés a été caractérisé pour différents type de chargement : traction, flexion, fluage et relaxation. Les évolutions des caractéristiques d'élasticité, de plasticité et de rupture ont été identifiées. Des comparaisons entre les différents modes de chargements ont permis de mettre en avant certaines similitudes notamment concernant le module d'élasticité en flexion et en traction. De même, les différents essais de fluage permettent de montrer l'effet complexe du procédé de recyclage sur les capacités de relaxation des matériaux étudiés

Characterization of Contamination Effects for Two Polypropylene-Based Materials

International audienceIn this work, contamination effects are studied on two polypropylene-based materials. These effects were identified on the molecular weight and on rheological and mechanical properties. Model contaminants chosen in this study were ethylene glycol and engine oil. They were added during the extrusion process to simulate the degradation due to contaminants. To quantify contamination effects and to correlate them with the microstructure evolution, scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses were also conducted. The analysis of the different obtained results led to a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the contamination process. Contaminants slightly affect the rheological properties, whereas mechanical properties are more influenced. These observations are confirmed by the modification of the fractured surfaces of the materials due to the presence of contaminants observed on SEM micrographs

Recycling effects on the rheological and thermomechanical properties of polypropylene-based composites

International audienceAs recycled materials are increasingly used in design of structural components, it is necessary to understand the effect of recycling on the properties and durability of these materials. In this work, the recycling effects on two high impact polypropylenes (HiPP) are studied. The recycling process was simulated by performing several extrusion runs with the same material in order to get a better understanding of the multi recycling effects. These effects were identified not only on the molecular weight and the rheological properties but also on the mechanical properties and the deformation mechanisms. The volume strain has been also measured as a damage indicator in the studied polymers. For both materials, the analysis of the different results showed that the rheological and the mechanical properties were affected by the thermomechanical recycling process. In particular, this process led to the decrease of the molecular weight, the decrease of the failure stress and the decrease of the impact energy. Moreover, Scanning Electronic Micoscopy (SEM) pictures showed a modification of the deformation process due to the embrittlement of the amorphous matrix by the chain scission and by cavitation. Moreover, a better stability for talc filled HiPP was observed but a decrease of the failure stress was obtained because the interfaces talc/polypropylene (PP) matrix and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) droplets/PP matrix were degraded.Indeed, the knowledge of the molecular characteristics as well as the rheological and mechanical properties of recycled polymer-based composites will help in optimizing the recycling process for obtaining the desired properties needed to correctly design recycled structural part

Constitutive Modeling of the Tensile Behavior of Recycled Polypropylene-Based Composites

The effect of reprocessing on the quasi-static uniaxial tensile behavior of two commercial polypropylene (PP)-based composites is experimentally investigated and modeled. In particular, the studied materials consist of an unfilled high-impact PP and a talc-filled high-impact PP. These PP composites are subjected to repeated processing cycles, including a grinding step and an extrusion step to simulate recycling at the laboratory level, the selected reprocessing numbers for this study being 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12. Because the repeated reprocessing leads to thermo-mechanical degradation by chain scission mechanisms, the tensile behavior of the two materials exhibits a continuous decrease of elastic modulus and failure strain with the increasing amount of reprocessing. A physically consistent three-dimensional constitutive model is used to predict the tensile response of non-recycled materials with strain rate dependence. For the recycled materials, the reprocessing effect is accounted by incorporating the reprocessing sensitive coefficient into the constitutive model for Young’s modulus, failure strain, softening, and hardening equations. Our predictions of true stress—true strain curves for non-recycled and recycled 108MF97 and 7510—are in good agreement with experimental data and can be useful for industries and companies which are looking for a model able to predict the recycling effect on mechanical behavior of polymer-based materials