Doses e épocas de aplicação de nitrogênio em cobertura na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de milho doce

The amount and timing of nitrogen application can favor seed quality, such as increasing protein content, which is an important constituent for embryo development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of sweet corn seeds collected from plants cultivated with different dosages and timings of nitrogen top-dressing applications. Seeds of the BR 400 variety (Super Sweet) were used obtained from plants submitted to dosages of 0, 40, 80 and 120kg ha -1 of N in two top-dressing applications (vegetative and reproductive stages). The weight of 100 grains, germination, first count of germination test, dry weight of normal seedlings from the germination test, seedling growth, cold test, accelerated aging, tetrazolium vigor and electric conductivity and emergency speed rate were determined. Data was submitted to an analysis of variance using the F-test at the 5% level and second degree regression analysis. The dosage and time of application of nitrogen top-dressing did not affect seed weight or the germination of sweet corn seeds. An increase of the N top-dressing dosage, applied in the vegetative stage reduced the length of the aerial part, the root and the whole seedling.Departamento de Agronomia Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Caixa Postal 6001, 86001-970-Londrina, PRFAC / Universidade do Estado de São Paulo (UNESP), 18610-307-Botucatu, SPFAC / Universidade do Estado de São Paulo (UNESP), 18610-307-Botucatu, S

Épocas de aplicação de nitrogênio em cobertura na cultura do milho em plantio direto, e alocação do nitrogênio (15n) na planta

Com o desenvolvimento de cultivares modernos, a produtividade do milho tem aumentado e, consequentemente, a demanda por N segue a mesma tendência. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito da época de aplicação de N sobre a produtividade de grãos e sua distribuição nos componentes da planta de milho, na presença e ausência de adubação de molibdênio, em sistema plantio direto. O experimento foi conduzido no ano agrícola de 2006/07, na Estação Experimental de Coimbra-MG. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, com três repetições, no esquema fatorial 3 x 2 + 1, sendo três épocas de aplicação de N, na ausência e na presença de adubação com molibdênio (Mo), e uma testemunha sem fertilização. Os tratamentos consistiram de: T1- aplicação total de N 15 dias antes do plantio, sem molibdênio; T2 - aplicação total de N no plantio, sem molibdênio; T3 - aplicação total de N na época em que o milho se encontrava com quatro folhas completamente desenvolvidas, sem molibdênio; T4 - aplicação total de N 15 dias antes do plantio, com molibdênio; T5 - aplicação total de N no plantio, com molibdênio; T6 - aplicação total de N na época em que o milho se encontrava com quatro folhas completamente desenvolvidas, com molibdênio; e T7 - testemunha sem N, sem aplicação de Mo. O cultivar utilizado foi o híbrido simples AG 9010. O melhor suprimento de N ao longo do ciclo e a maior produtividade foram obtidos com a aplicação do fertilizante no estádio de quatro folhas expandidas do milho. Não foi encontrado efeito da adubação molíbdica sobre as características avaliadas. A aplicação do N na pré-semeadura do milho, 15 dias antes do plantio, demonstrou não ser recomendável para as condições de solo e clima estudadas. A parte da planta do milho de maior alocação de 15N foi o grão. A recuperação média de 15N na planta proveniente do fertilizante foi de 6 %.Maize yield has increased with the development of modern cultivars and the demand for N has followed the same trend. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect the timing of N application on grain yield and distribution in maize plant components in the presence and absence of Mo fertilizer under no-tillage. The experiment was conducted in the 2006/07 growing season, at the Experimental Station of Coimbra-MG. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block with three replications in a factorial 3 x 2 + 1 design, with three N application dates, in the absence on presence of Mo fertilization, and an unfertilized control. The treatments consisted of: T1-total N applied 15 days before planting, without Mo, T2-total application of N at planting without Mo; T3-total N application at the stage of four completely developed leaves, without Mo; T4-total N application 15 days before planting, with Mo, T5-total application of N at planting, with Mo; T6-total N application at the stage of four completely developed leaves, with Mo, and T7-control without N application without Mo, applied to the corne single hybrid AG 9010. Nitrogen supply throughout the cycle was best and yields were highest with fertilizer application at the four expanded leaves stage. No effect of Mo fertilizer was observed on the characteristics evaluated. Application of N prior to corne sowing (15 days before planting) is not recommended for the climate and soil conditions studied. Most applied N was allocated in the grain. The average 15N recovery from fertilizer in plants was 6 %

Validation Of The International Consultation On Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder (iciq-oab) For Portuguese [validação Do International Consultation On Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder (iciq-oab) Para A Língua Portuguesa]

PURPOSE: to translate, culturally adapt and validate the questionnaire "International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder" (ICIQ-OAB) for the Portuguese Language. METHODS: two Brazilian translators acquainted with the objectives of this research translated the ICIQ-OAB into Portuguese and both translations were back-translated by two other native English speaking translators. The differences between the versions were brought to agreement and pre-tested in a pilot study. The final version of the ICIQ-OAB was applied together with the previously translated and tested version of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF) in 142 male and female patients with irritative urinary symptoms. For the validation of the ICIQ-OAB the following psychometric features were evaluated: reliability (internal consistency and test-retest) and validity of the survey. The retest was performed four weeks after the first interview. RESULTS: the reliability of the instrument was demonstrated through the Cronbach α Coefficient, with a general result of 0.7. The test-retest corroborated the stability of the instrument through the intraclass correlation coefficient and presented a result of 0.91 and 0.95 when compared to both the ICIQ-OAB and ICIQ-SF, respectively. When the instruments were compared by the Pearson correlation coefficient the result was 0.7 (p=0.0001), that confirms the validity of the study criterion. The concurrent validity was evaluated by the correlation between some clinical and sociodemographic variants and the ICIQ-OAB score. CONCLUSION: the culturally adapted version of the ICIQ-OAB translated into Brazilian Portuguese presented satisfactory reliability and survey validity and was considered valid for the evaluation of irritative urinary symptoms of Brazilian patients of both genders.326273278Abrams, P., Andersson, K.E., Birder, L., Brubaker, L., Cardozo, L., Chapple, C., Cottenden, A., Wyndaele, J.J., Members of CommitteesFourth International Consultation on Incontinence. Fourth International Consultation on Incontinence Recommendations of the International Scientifc Committee: Evaluation and treatment of urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse and fecal incontinence (2010) Neurourol Urodyn, 29 (1), pp. 213-240Haylen, B.T., de Ridder, D., Freeman, R.M., Swift, S.E., Berghmans, B., Lee, J., An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)/ International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for female pelvic foor dysfunction (2010) Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct, 21 (1), pp. 5-26Yamaguchi, O., Nishizawa, O., Takeda, M., Yokoyama, O., Homma, Y., Kakizaki, H., Obara, K., Yoshida, M., Neurogenic Bladder Society. Clinical guidelines for overactive bladder (2009) Int J Urol, 16 (2), pp. 126-142Abrams, P., Cardozo, L., Fall, M., Griffths, D., Rosier, P., Ulmsten, U., van Kerrebroeck, P., Wein, A., Standarsation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function: Report from the Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society (2002) Neurourol Urodyn, 21 (2), pp. 167-178Chiaffarino, F., Parazzini, F., Lavezzari, M., Giambanco, V., Gruppo Interdisciplinare di Studio Incontinenza Urinaria (GISIU). Impact of urinary incontinence and overactive bladder on quality of life (2003) Eur Urol, 43 (5), pp. 535-538Arruda, R.M., Souza, G.O., Castro, R.A., Sartori, M.G.F., Baracat, E.C., Girão, M.J.B.C., Hiperatividade do detrusor: Comparação entre oxibutinina, eletroestimulação funcional do assoalho pélvico e exercícios perineais. Estudo randomizado (2007) Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet, 29 (9), pp. 452-458Starkman, J.S., Dmochowski, R.R., Urgency assessment in the evaluation of overactive bladder (OAB) (2008) Neurourol Urodyn, 27 (1), pp. 13-21O'Reily, B.A., Fynes, M., Achtari, C., Hiscock, R., Thomas, E., Murray, C., A prospective randomised double-blind controlled trial evaluating the effect of trans-sacral magnetic stimulation in women with overactive bladder (2008) Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct, 19 (4), pp. 497-502Ganz, M.L., Smalarz, A.M., Krupski, T.L., Anger, J.T., Hu, J.C., Wittrup-Jensen, K.U., Economic costs of overactive bladder in the United States (2010) Urology, 75 (3), pp. 526-532ICIQ-overactive Bladder: ICIQ-OAB [Internet], , http://www.iciq.net/ICIQ.OABmodule.html, International Consultation on Incontinence Modular Questionnaire, Bristol Urological Institute [cited 2009 Out 16]Validation Protocol [Internet], , http://www.iciq.net/validationprotocol.html, International Consultation on Incontinence Modular Questionnaire (ICIQ), Bristol Urological Institute [cited 2009 Out 16]Guillemin, F., Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of health status measures (1995) Scand J Rheumatol, 24 (2), pp. 61-63McGraw, K.O., Wong, S.P., A commom language effect-size statistic (1992) Psychol Bull, 111 (2), pp. 361-365Corcos, J., Beaulieu, S., Donovan, J., Naughton, M., Gotoh, M., Symptom Quality of Life Assessment Committee of the First International Consultation on Incontinence. Quality of life assessment in men and women with urinay incontinence (2002) J Urol, 168 (3), pp. 896-905Tamanini, J.T.N., (2009) Bexiga Hiperativa: Aspectos Práticos, pp. 46-57. , Instrumentos de avaliação (questionários). In: Truzzi JC, Dambros M, editores, São Paulo: Nome da RosaAvery, K., Donovan, J., Peters, T.J., Shaw, C., Gotoh, M., Abrams, P., ICIQ: A brief and robust measure for evaluating the symptoms and impact of urinary incontinence (2004) Neurourol Urodyn, 23 (4), pp. 322-330Tamanini, J.T.N., Dambros, M., D'ancona, C.A.L., Palma, P.C.R., Netto, N.R., Validação para o português do "International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form" (ICIQ-SF) (2004) Rev Saúde Pública, 38 (3), pp. 438-44

Distribuição vertical e flutuação sazonal da macrofauna vágil associada a Sargassum cymosum C. Agardh, na praia do Lázaro, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brasil Depth distribution and seasonal fluctuations of vagile macrofauna associated with Sargassum cymosum C. Agardh at Lázaro beach, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil

<abstract language="eng">Seasonal fluctuations and depth distribution of the vagile macrofauna associated with Sargassum cymosum at Lazaro beach, Ubatuba, São Paulo State, were evaluated through density comparison of higher taxonomic groups among three depth intervals in four periods of the year. Ten groups were identified and among them gammarid and caprellid amphipods were numerically dominant in all sampling periods and did not show any consistent zonation trend. Gastropods, polychaetes and ophiuroids ocurred in lower densities and tended to dominate as depth increased, Wet weight algae variation did not explain the observed spatial and temporal patterns. Biotic interactions, recruitment and environmental parameters are probably involved in seasonal density variation of the faunal groups studied but it was evident that the depth gradient play an important role in vagile macrofauna vertical distribution