Physical vulnerability of buildings to rainfall-and earthquake-induced landslides in the Lisbon metropolitan area

This study assesses the physical vulnerability of buildings in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (LMA) to landslides triggered by rainfall and earthquakes. The susceptibility to rainfall-induced landslides was evaluated using the Information Value statistical model and validated through ROC curve analysis. Additionally, the susceptibility to earthquake-induced landslides was assessed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process, validated with historical landslide data. The vulnerability assessment considered all residential buildings registered by the 2011 Census, incorporating various parameters, such as the presence of reinforced structures, the number of floors, the conservation status, and the need for structural and non-structural repairs. These parameters, along with their respective weights, were determined based on expert opinion and literature. The analysis and the results reported in this paper revealed significant regional interactions between earthquake- and rainfall-triggered landslides, which can lead to complex damage scenarios for exposed buildings. This study not only contributes to enhancing our understanding of the physical vulnerability of buildings to rainfall- and earthquake-triggered landslides but also provides valuable insights for decision-makers and practitioners involved in hazard and risk management

Testing the tidal alignment model of galaxy intrinsic alignment

Weak gravitational lensing has become a powerful probe of large-scale structure and cosmological parameters. Precision weak lensing measurements require an understanding of the intrinsic alignment of galaxy ellipticities, which can in turn inform models of galaxy formation. It is hypothesized that elliptical galaxies align with the background tidal field and that this alignment mechanism dominates the correlation between ellipticities on cosmological scales (in the absence of lensing). We use recent large-scale structure measurements from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to test this picture with several statistics: (1) the correlation between ellipticity and galaxy overdensity, w_{g+}; (2) the intrinsic alignment auto-correlation functions; (3) the correlation functions of curl-free, E, and divergence-free, B, modes (the latter of which is zero in the linear tidal alignment theory); (4) the alignment correlation function, w_g(r_p,theta), a recently developed statistic that generalizes the galaxy correlation function to account for the angle between the galaxy separation vector and the principle axis of ellipticity. We show that recent measurements are largely consistent with the tidal alignment model and discuss dependence on galaxy luminosity. In addition, we show that at linear order the tidal alignment model predicts that the angular dependence of w_g(r_p,theta) is simply w_{g+}*cos(2*theta) and that this dependence is consistent with recent measurements. We also study how stochastic nonlinear contributions to galaxy ellipticity impact these statistics. We find that a significant fraction of the observed LRG ellipticity can be explained by alignment with the tidal field on scales >~10 h^-1 Mpc. These considerations are relevant to galaxy formation and evolution.Comment: 23 pages, 5 figures, minor changes to reflect published version, including updated figures and a minor correction to the measured error

A landslide risk index for municipal land use planning in Portugal

In Portugal landslides caused 237 fatalities and >1600 displaced people in the period 1865-2015. Spatial distribution and temporal patterns of slope instability can be related with a complex set of natural and human factors responsible for generating damages. It is essential to develop new methodologies to synthetize risk dimensions to contribute to the landslide risk management at the municipal level. This work proposed a municipal landslide risk index (LRI) considering three risk dimensions: hazard, exposure and physical vulnerability of buildings. The hazard dimension includes the landslide susceptibility performed at the national scale, the probability of weather types associated with landslides and an extreme precipitation susceptibility index. The exposure dimension considered the population density and the number of buildings, whereas the average physical vulnerability of the buildings was computed using four statistical variables from the official census: (i) construction technique and construction materials; (ii) reinforced structure; (iii) number of floors; and (iv) conservation status. Each variable includes different classes that were empirically weighted. After evaluating the three risk dimensions and the LRI, a cluster analysis was performed in order to identify the most important landslide risk drivers in each municipality. Exposure is the main driving force of LRI in the metropolitan areas of Lisbon and Porto, while the hazard is more relevant in the NW municipalities and the physical vulnerability is the major driving force in the south of the country. This methodological approach contributes to a comprehensive and synthetized knowledge about the landslide risk driving forces within the 278 Portuguese municipalities. In addition, it contributes to the diversification and context-oriented strategies of landslide risk management that still lacks in most of the national-level risk governance processes. Finally, this methodology can be generalized to other geographical contexts, improving the risk management, land use planning and the disaster risk reduction.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Functioning in Huntington's Disease and its Association with Depressive Symptoms and Suicidality

Stress-related psychiatric disorders across the life spa

HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS ACTIVITY IN HUNTINGTON'S DISEASE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AND SUICIDALITY

Diabetes mellitus: pathophysiological changes and therap

Susceptibility and exposure to sea level rise in the Sado estuary and in the Arrábida coastal zone

Sea level rising is a major driver of three climate hazards in the Sado estuary and in the Arrábida coastal zone: estuarine flooding, coastal flooding and cliff retreat. In this work, the susceptibility to estuarine flooding, coastal flooding and cliff retreat is assessed for the present and at the end of the century, for the SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 emission scenarios. The exposure of people and assets to the considered climate hazards is assessed for both the current climatic conditions and those projected for the end of the 21st century

2012 Brazilian Society Of Rheumatology Consensus On The Management Of Comorbidities In Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

Objective: To elaborate recommendations of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Committee of the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology (SBR) to manage comorbidities in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: To review the literature and the opinions of the SBR RA Committee experts. Results and conclusions: Recommendations: 1) Early diagnosis and proper treatment of comorbidities are recommended; 2) The specific treatment of RA should be adapted to the presence of comorbidities; 3) Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers are preferred to treat systemic arterial hypertension; 4) In patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes mellitus, the continuous use of a high cumulative dose of corticoids should be avoided; 5) Statins should be used to maintain LDL cholesterol levels under 100 mg/dL and the atherosclerotic index lower than 3.5 in patients with RA who have other comorbidities; 6) Metabolic syndrome should be treated; 7) Performing non-invasive tests to investigate subclinical atherosclerosis is recommended; 8) Greater surveillance for the early diagnosis of occult malignancy is recommended; 9) Preventive measures of venous thrombosis are suggested; 10) Bone densitometry is recommended in RA patients over the age of 50 years and in younger patients on corticoid therapy at a dose greater than 7.5 mg for over three months; 11) Patients with RA and osteoporosis should be instructed to avoid falls, to increase their dietary calcium intake and sun exposure, and to exercise; 12) Calcium and vitamin D supplementation is suggested. Bisphosphonates are suggested for patients with T score < -2.5 on bone densitometry; 13) A multidisciplinary team, with the active participation of a rheumatologist, is recommended to treat comorbidities. © 2012 Elsevier Editora Ltda.524483495McInnes, I.B., O'Dell, J.R., State-of-the-art: rheumatoid arthritis (2010) Ann Rheum Dis, 69 (11), pp. 1898-1906. , [Erratum in: Ann Rheum Dis 201170(2):399]McInnes, I.B., Schett, G., The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (2011) N Engl J Med, 365 (23), pp. 2205-2219Allaart, C.F., Huizinga, T.W., Treatment strategies in recent onset rheumatoid arthritis (2011) Curr Opin Rheumatol, 23 (3), pp. 241-244Symmons, D.P., Rheumatoid arthritis: assessing disease activity and outcome (2010) Clin Med, 10 (3), pp. 248-251Gonzalez, A., Maradit Kremers, H., Crowson, C.S., Nicola, P.J., Davis 3rd, J.M., Therneau, T.M., The widening mortality gap between rheumatoid arthritis patients and the general population (2007) Arthritis Rheum, 56 (11), pp. 3583-3587Hemminki, K., Li, X., Sundquist, J., Sundquist, K., Familial associations of rheumatoid arthritis with autoimmune diseases and related conditions (2009) Arthritis Rheum, 60 (3), pp. 661-668Michou, L., Rat, A.C., Lasbleiz, S., Bardin, T., Cornélis, F., Prevalence and distribution of autoimmune diseases in 368 rheumatoid arthritis families (2008) J Rheumatol, 35 (5), pp. 790-796Michaud, K., Wolfe, F., Comorbidities in rheumatoid arthritis (2007) Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol, 21 (5), pp. 885-906Crowson, C.S., Myasoedova, E., Davis 3rd, J.M., Matteson, E.L., Roger, V.L., Therneau, T.M., Increased Prevalence of metabolic syndrome associated with rheumatoid arthritis in patients without clinical cardiovascular disease (2011) J Rheumatol, 38 (1), pp. 29-35Chung, C.P., Oeser, A., Solus, J.F., Avalos, I., Gebretsadik, T., Shintani, A., Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is increased in rheumatoid arthritis and is associated with coronary atherosclerosis (2008) Atherosclerosis, 196 (2), pp. 756-763Steiner, G., Urowitz, M.B., Lipid profiles in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: mechanisms and the impact of treatment (2009) Semin Arthritis Rheum, 38 (5), pp. 372-381Solomon, D.H., Love, T.J., Canning, C., Schneeweiss, S., Risk of diabetes among patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis (2010) Ann Rheum Dis, 69 (12), pp. 2114-2117van Halm, V.P., Peters, M.J., Voskuyl, A.E., Boers, M., Lems, W.F., Visser, M., Rheumatoid arthritis versus diabetes as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease: a cross-sectional study, the CARRE Investigation (2009) Ann Rheum Dis, 68 (9), pp. 1395-1400Panoulas, V.F., Douglas, K.M., Milionis, H.J., Stavropoulos-Kalinglou, A., Nightingale, P., Kita, M.D., Prevalence and associations of hypertension and its control in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2007) Rheumatology (Oxford), 46 (9), pp. 1477-1482Kitas, G.D., Gabriel, S.E., Cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis: state of the art and future perspectives (2011) Ann Rheum Dis, 70 (1), pp. 8-14Gonzalez, A., Maradit Kremers, H., Crowson, C.S., Ballman, K.V., Roger, V.L., Jacobsen, S.J., Do cardiovascular risk factors confer the same risk for cardiovascular outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis patients as in nonrheumatoid arthritis patients? (2008) Ann Rheum Dis, 67 (1), pp. 64-69Panoulas, V.F., Douglas, K.M., Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou, A., Metsios, G.S., Nightingale, P., Kita, M.D., Long-term exposure to medium-dose glucocorticoid therapy associates with hypertension in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2008) Rheumatology (Oxford), 47 (1), pp. 72-75Alcorn, N., Saunders, S., Madhok, R., Benefit-risk assessment of leflunomide: an appraisal of leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis 10 years after licensing (2009) Drug Saf, 32 (12), pp. 1123-1134Robert, N., Wong, G.W., Wright, J.M., Effect of cyclosporine on blood pressure (2010) Cochrane Database Syst Rev, (1), pp. CD007893Atzeni, F., Turiel, M., Caporali, R., Cavagna, L., Tomasoni, L., Sitia, S., The effect of pharmacological therapy on the cardiovascular system of patients with systemic rheumatic diseases (2010) Autoimmunity Rev, 9 (12), pp. 835-839White, W.B., Defining the problem of treating the patient with hypertension and arthritis pain (2009) Am J Med, 122 (5 SUPPL.), pp. S3-S9Peters, M.J., Symmons, D.P., McCarey, D., Dijkmans, B.A., Nicola, P., Kvien, T.K., EULAR evidence-based recommendations for cardiovascular risk management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of inflammatory arthritis (2010) Ann Rheum Dis, 69 (2), pp. 325-331Solomon, D.H., Massarotti, E., Garg, R., Liu, J., Canning, C., Schneeweiss, S., Association between disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and diabetes risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis (2011) JAMA, 305 (24), pp. 2525-2531Tentolouris, N., Arapostathi, C., Voulgari, C., Grammatikou, S., Andrianakos, A., Sfikakis, P.P., The effect of diabetes mellitus on the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis: a case-control study (2008) Diabet Med, 25 (8), pp. 1010-1011Han, C., Robinson Jr., D.W., Hackett, M.V., Paramore, L.C., Fraeman, K.H., Bala, M.V., Cardiovascular disease and risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis (2006) J Rheumatol, 33 (11), pp. 2167-2172Hoes, J.N., van der Goes, M.C., van Raalte, D.H., van der Zijl, N.J., den Uyl, D., Lems, W.F., Glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and β-cell function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with or without low-to-medium dose glucocorticoids (2011) Ann Rheum Dis, 70 (11), pp. 1887-1894Wasko, M.C., Kay, J., Hsia, E.C., Rahman, M.U., Diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: risk reduction in a chronic inflammatory disease (2011) Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), 63 (4), pp. 512-521Antohe, J.L., Bili, A., Sartorius, J.A., Lester Kirchner, H., Morris, S.J., Dancea, S., Diabetes risk in rheumatoid arthritis: Reduced incidence with anti-tumor necrosis factor- α therapy (2012) Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), 64 (2), pp. 215-221Bili, A., Sartorius, J.A., Kirchner, H.L., Morris, S.J., Ledwich, L.J., Antohe, J.L., Hydroxychloroquine use and decreased risk of diabetes in rheumatoid arthritis patients (2011) J Clin Rheumatol, 17 (3), pp. 115-120Liao, K.P., Gunnarsson, M., Källberg, H., Ding, B., Plenge, R.M., Padyukov, L., Specific association of type 1 diabetes mellitus with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide-positive rheumatoid arthritis (2009) Arthritis Rheum, 60 (3), pp. 653-660Choy, E., Sattar, N., Interpreting lipid levels in the context of highgrade inflammatory states with a focus on rheumatoid arthritis: a challenge to conventional cardiovascular risk actions (2009) Ann Rheum Dis, 68 (4), pp. 460-469White, D., Fayez, S., Doube, A., Atherogenic lipid profiles in rheumatoid arthritis (2006) N Z Med J, 119 (1240), pp. U2125Nurmohamed, M.T., Atherogenic lipid profiles and its management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2007) Vasc Health Risk Manag, 3 (6), pp. 845-852Myasoedova, E., Crowson, C.S., Kremers, H.M., Fitz-Gibbon, P.D., Therneau, T.M., Gabriel, S.E., Total cholesterol and LDL levels decrease before rheumatoid arthritis (2010) Ann Rheum Dis, 69 (7), pp. 1310-1314Ghosh, U.C., Roy, A., Sen, K., Kundu, A.K., Saha, I., Biswas, A., Dyslipidaemia in rheumatoid arthritis in a tertiary care centre in Eastern India - a non-randomised trial (2009) J Indian Med Assoc, 107 (7), pp. 427-430Garciaa-Gómez, C., Nolla, J.M., Valverde, J., Gómez-Gerique, J.A., Castro, M.J., Pintó, X., Conventional lipid profile and lipoprotein(a) concentrations in treated patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2009) J Rheumatol, 36 (7), pp. 1365-1370Steiner, G., Urowitz, M.B., Lipid profiles in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: mechanisms and the impact of treatment (2009) Semin Arthritis Rheum, 38 (5), pp. 372-381Georgiadis, A.N., Papavasiliou, E.C., Lourida, E.S., Alamanos, Y., Kostara, C., Tselepis, A.D., Atherogenic lipid profile is a feature characteristic of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: effect of early treatment - a prospective, controlled study (2006) Arthritis Res Ther, 8 (3), pp. R82Svenson, K.L., Lithell, H., Hallgren, R., Vessby, B., Serum lipoprotein in active rheumatoid arthritis and other chronic inflammatory arthritides. II. Effects of anti-inflammatory and disease-modifying drug treatment (1987) Arch Intern Med, 147 (11), pp. 1917-1920Raynauld, J.P., Cardiovascular mortality in rheumatoid arthritis: how harmful are corticosteroids? (1997) J Rheumatol, 24 (3), pp. 415-416Wallace, D.J., Metzger, A.L., Stecher, V.J., Turnbull, B.A., Kern, P.A., Cholesterol-lowering effect of hydroxychloroquine in patients with rheumatic disease: reversal of deleterious effects of steroids on lipids (1990) Am J Med, 89 (3), pp. 322-326van Halm, V.P., Nielen, M.M., Nurmohamed, M.T., van Schaardenburg, D., Reesink, H.W., Voskuyl, A.E., Lipids and inflammation: serial measurements of the lipid profile of blood donors who later developed rheumatoid arthritis (2007) Ann Rheum Dis, 66 (2), pp. 184-188Singh, J.A., Beg, S., Lopez-Olivo, M.A., Tocilizumab for rheumatoid arthritis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2011) J Rheumatol, 38 (1), pp. 10-20Storage, S.S., Agrawal, H., Furst, D.E., Description of the efficacy and safety of three new biologics in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (2010) Korean J Intern Med, 25 (1), pp. 1-17Pollono, E.N., Lopez-Olivo, M.A., Lopez, J.A., Suarez-Almazor, M.E., A systematic review of the effect of TNF-alpha antagonists on lipid profiles in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2010) Clin Rheumatol, 29 (9), pp. 947-955McCarey, D.W., McInnes, I.B., Madhok, R., Hampson, R., Scherbakov, O., Ford, I., Trial of Atorvastatin in Rheumatoid Arthritis (TARA): double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial (2004) Lancet, 363 (9426), pp. 2015-2021Chatterjee Adhikari, M., Guin, A., Chakraborty, S., Sinhamahapatra, P., Ghosh, A., Subclinical atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis as evidenced by measurement of carotid intima-media thickness and flow-mediated vasodilatation: an observational study (2012) Semin Arthritis Rheum, 41 (5), pp. 669-675González-Juanatey, C., Llorca, J., González-Gay, M.A., Correlation between endothelial function and carotid atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis patients with long-standing disease (2011) Arthritis Res Ther, 13 (3), pp. R101Pereira, I.A., Laurindo, I.M., Zimmermann, A.F., Werner Castro, G.R., Mello, F., Borba, E.F., Single measurements of C-reactive protein and disease activity scores are not predictors of carotid atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis patients (2009) Acta Reumatol Port, 34 (1), pp. 58-64Chung, C.P., Oeser, A., Raggi, P., Gebretsadik, T., Shintani, A.K., Sokka, T., Increased coronary-artery atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis: relationship to disease duration and cardiovascular risk factors (2005) Arthritis Rheum, 52 (10), pp. 3045-3053Maradit-Kremers, H., Crowson, C.S., Nicola, P.J., Ballman, K.V., Roger, V.L., Jacobsen, S.J., Increased unrecognized coronary heart disease and sudden deaths in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based cohort study (2005) Arthritis Rheum, 52 (2), pp. 402-411Nicola, P.J., Maradit-Kremers, H., Roger, V.L., Jacobsen, S.J., Crowson, C.S., Ballman, K.V., The risk of congestive heart failure in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study over 46 years (2005) Arthritis Rheum, 52 (2), pp. 412-420Westlake, S.L., Colebatch, A.N., Baird, J., Kiely, P., Quinn, M., Choy, E., The effect of methotrexate on cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic literature review (2010) Rheumatology (Oxford), 49 (2), pp. 295-307Westlake, S.L., Colebatch, A.N., Baird, J., Curzen, N., Kiely, P., Quinn, M., Tumour necrosis factor antagonists and the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic literature review (2011) Rheumatology (Oxford), 50 (3), pp. 518-531Barnabe, C., Martin, B.J., Ghali, W.A., Systematic review and metaanalysis: anti-tumor necrosis factor a therapy and cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis (2011) Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), 63 (4), pp. 522-529Gislason, G.H., Rasmussen, J.N., Abildstrom, S.Z., Schramm, T.K., Hansen, M.L., Fosbøl, E.L., Increased mortality and cardiovascular morbidity associated with use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in chronic heart failure (2009) Arch Intern Med, 169 (2), pp. 141-149Solomon, D.H., Glynn, R.J., Rothman, K.J., Schneeweiss, S., Setoguchi, S., Mogun, H., Subgroup analyses to determine cardiovascular risk associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and coxibs in specific patient groups (2008) Arthritis Rheum, 59 (8), pp. 1097-1104Söderlin, M., Petersson, I., Bergman, S., Svensson, B., Smoking at onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its effect on disease activity and functional status: experiences from BARFOT, a long-term observational study on early RA (2011) Scand J Rheumatol, 40 (4), pp. 249-255. , BARFOT study groupSaevarsdottir, S., Wedrén, S., Seddighzadeh, M., Bengtsson, C., Wesley, A., Lindblad, S., Patients with early rheumatoid arthritis who smoke are less likely to respond to treatment with methotrexate and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors: observations from the Epidemiological Investigation of Rheumatoid Arthritis and the Swedish Rheumatology Register cohorts (2011) Arthritis Rheum, 63 (1), pp. 26-36Alberti, K.G., Zimmet, P., Shaw, J., Metabolic syndrome - a new worldwide definition. A Consensus Statement from the International Diabetes Federation (2006) Diabet Med, 23 (5), pp. 469-480(2001) JAMA, 285 (19), pp. 2846-2897. , Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, And Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol In Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III)Grundy, S.M., Cleeman, J.I., Daniels, S.R., Donato, K.A., Eckel, R.H., Franklin, B.A., Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. [Executive summary] (2005) Circulation, 112 (17), pp. e285-e290Santos, M.J., Fonseca, J.E., Metabolic syndrome, inflammation and atherosclerosis - the role of adipokines in health and in systemic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (2009) Acta Reumatol Port, 34 (4), pp. 590-598Chung, C.P., Oeser, A., Solus, J.F., Avalos, I., Gebretsadik, T., Shintani, A., Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is increased in rheumatoid arthritis and is associated with coronary atherosclerosis (2008) Atherosclerosis, 196 (2), pp. 756-763Sidiropoulos, P.I., Karvounaris, S.A., Boumpas, D.T., Metabolic syndrome in rheumatic diseases: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical implications (2008) Arthritis Res Ther, 10 (3), p. 207Pereira, R.M., de Carvalho, J.F., Bonfa, E., Metabolic syndrome in rheumatological diseases (2009) Autoimmun Rev, 8 (5), pp. 415-419da Cunha, V., Brenol, C., Brenol, J., Fuchs, S., Arlindo, E., Melo, I., Metabolic syndrome prevalence is increased in rheumatoid arthritis patients and is associated with disease activity (2012) Scand J Rheumatol, 41 (3), pp. 186-191Karvounaris, S.A., Sidiropoulos, P.I., Papadakis, J.A., Spanakis, E.K., Bertsias, G.K., Kritikos, H.D., Metabolic syndrome is common among middle-to-older aged Mediterranean patients with rheumatoid arthritis and correlates with disease activity: a retrospective, crosssectional, controlled, study (2007) Ann Rheum Dis, 66 (1), pp. 28-33Dessein, P.H., Tobias, M., Veller, M.G., Metabolic syndrome and subclinical atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis (2006) J Rheumatol, 33 (12), pp. 2425-2432La Montagna, G., Cacciapuoti, F., Buono, R., Manzella, D., Mennillo, G.A., Arciello, A., Insulin resistance is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis (2007) Diab Vasc Dis Res, 4 (2), pp. 130-135Mottillo, S., Filion, K.B., Genest, J., Joseph, L., Pilote, L., Poirier, P., The metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk a systematic review and meta-analysis (2010) J Am Coll Cardiol, 56 (14), pp. 1113-1132da Cunha, V.R., Brenol, C.V., Brenol, J.C., Xavier, R.M., Rheumatoid arthritis and metabolic syndrome (2011) Rev Bras Reumatol, 51 (3), pp. 260-268Toms, T.E., Panoulas, V.F., John, H., Douglas, K.M., Kitas, G.D., Methotrexate therapy associates with reduced prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis patients over the age of 60 - more than just an anti-inflammatory effect? A cross sectional study (2009) Arthritis Res Ther, 11 (4), pp. R110Bacani, A.K., Gabriel, S.E., Crowson, C.S., Heit, J.A., Matteson, E.L., Noncardiac vascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis: increase in venous thromboembolic events? (2012) Arthritis Rheum, 64 (1), pp. 53-61Matta, F., Singala, R., Yaekoub, A.Y., Najjar, R., Stein, P.D., Risk of venous thromboembolism with rheumatoid arthritis (2009) Thromb Haemost, 101 (1), pp. 134-138Aksu, K., Donmez, A., Keser, G., Inflammation-induced thrombosis: mechanisms, disease associations and management (2012) Curr Pharm Des, 18 (11), pp. 1478-1493Undas, A., Gissel, M., Kwasny-Krochin, B., Gluszko, P., Mann, K.G., Brummel-Ziedins, K.E., Thrombin generation in rheumatoid arthritis: dependence on plasma factor composition (2010) Thromb Haemost, 104 (2), pp. 224-230Bisoendial, R.J., Levi, M., Tak, P.P., Stroes, E.S., The prothrombotic state in rheumatoid arthritis: an additive risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events (2010) Semin Thromb Hemost, 36 (4), pp. 452-457Mameli, A., Barcellona, D., Marongiu, F., Rheumatoid arthritis and thrombosis (2009) Clin Exp Rheumatol, 27 (5), pp. 846-855Liang, K.P., Liang, K.V., Matteson, E.L., McClelland, R.L., Christianson, T.J., Turesson, C., Incidence of noncardiac vascular diseasein rheumatoid arthritis and relationship to extraarticular disease manifestations (2006) Arthritis Rheum, 54 (2), pp. 642-648Davies, R., Galloway, J.B., Watson, K.D., Lunt, M., Symmons, D.P., Hyrich, K.L., Venous thrombotic events are not increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with anti-TNF therapy: results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register (2011) Ann Rheum Dis, 70 (10), pp. 1831-1834. , BSRBR Control Centre Consortium, British Society for Rheumatology Biologics RegisterSmitten, A.L., Simon, T.A., Hochberg, M.C., Suissa, S., A meta-analysis of the incidence of malignancy in adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2008) Arthritis Res Ther, 10 (2), pp. R45Zintzaras, E., Voulgarelis, M., Moutsopoulos, H.M., The risk of lymphoma development in autoimmune diseases: a meta-analysis (2005) Arch Intern Med, 165 (20), pp. 2337-2344Hemminki, K., Li, X., Sundquist, K., Sundquist, J., Cancer risk in hospitalized rheumatoid arthritis patients (2008) Rheumatology (Oxford), 47 (5), pp. 698-701Kim, Y.J., Shim, J.S., Choi, C.B., Bae, S.C., Mortality and incidence of malignancy in Korean patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2012) J Rheumatol, 39 (2), pp. 226-232Bongartz, T., Sutton, A.J., Sweeting, M.J., Buchan, I., Matteson, E.L., Montori, V., Anti-TNF antibody therapy in rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of serious infections and malignancies: systematic review and meta-analysis of rare harmful effects in randomized controlled trials (2006) JAMA, 295 (19), pp. 2275-2285Thompson, A.E., Rieder, S.W., Pope, J.E., Tumor necrosis factor therapy and the risk of serious infection and malignancy in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2011) Arthritis Rheum, 63 (6), pp. 1479-1485Askling, J., The risk of malignancies in RA patients treated with biologics (2010) Z Rheumatol, 69 (9), pp. 774-779Thomas, E., Symmons, D.P., Brewster, D.H., Black, R.J., Macfarlane, G.J., National study of cause-specific mortality in rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile chronic arthritis, and other rheumatic conditions: a 20 year followup study (2003) J Rheumatol, 30 (5), pp. 958-965Hemminki, K., Liu, X., Ji, J., Sundquist, J., Sundquist, K., Autoimmune disease and subsequent digestive tract cancer by histology (2012) Ann Oncol, 23 (4), pp. 927-933Hellgren, K., Smedby, K.E., Feltelius, N., Baecklund, E., Askling, J., Do rheumatoid arthritis and lymphoma