45 research outputs found
The Open Navigation Surface Project
Many hydrographic and oceanographic agencies have moved or are moving towards gridded bathymetric products. However, there is no accepted format to allow these grids to be exchanged while maintaining data and metadata integrity. This paper describes the Open Navigation Surface (ONS) Project, which aims to fill this gap. The ONS Project is an open-source software project designed to provide a freely available, portable source-code library to encapsulate gridded bathymetric surfaces with associated uncertainty values. The data file format is called a Bathymetric Attributed Grid (BAG). The BAG is developed and maintained by the ONS Working Group (ONSWG), and the source code is available via the ONS websit
The Open Navigation Surface Project
Many hydrographic and oceanographic agencies have moved or are moving towards gridded bathymetric products. However, there is no accepted format to allow these grids to be exchanged while maintaining data and metadata integrity. This paper describes the Open Navigation Surface (ONS) Project, which aims to fill this gap. The ONS Project is an open-source software project designed to provide a freely available, portable source-code library to encapsulate gridded bathymetric surfaces with associated uncertainty values. The data file format is called a Bathymetric Attributed Grid (BAG). The BAG is developed and maintained by the ONS Working Group (ONSWG), and the source code is available via the ONS website.Muchas agencies hidrogrĂąficas y oceanogrĂąficas se han orientado o se estĂąn orientando hacia los productos batimĂ©tricos cuadriculados. Sin embargo, no existe un formato aceptado para que estas cuadricuias sean intercambiadas manteniendo la integridad de los datos y los meta datos. Este articulo describe el Proyecto « Superficie de NavegaciĂŽn Abierta » (ONS) cuyo objeto es cubrir este vacio. El proyecto ONS es un proyecto de software de fuente abierta disehado para proveer una biblioteca portĂątil de cĂŽdigo fuente de libre disponibilidad para encapsular superficies batimĂ©tricas cuadriculadas con sus valores de incertidumbre asociados. El formato de archivo de datos es llamado Cuadricula BatimĂ©trica Tributada (BAG). El BAG es desarrollado y mantenido por el Grupo de Trabajo ONS (ONSWG), y el cĂŽdigo fuente es disponible a travĂ©s de sitio web de ONS.De nombreuses agences hydrographiques et ocĂ©anographiques se sont orientĂ©es ou s âorientent actuellement vers les produits bathymĂ©triques quadrillĂ©s. Toutefois, il n'existe pas de format acceptĂ© qui permette Ă ces quadrillages d'ĂȘtre Ă©changĂ©s tout en conservant lâintĂ©gritĂ© des donnĂ©es et des mĂ©tadonnĂ©es. Le prĂ©sent article dĂ©crit le projet ONS (Open Navigation Surface) qui vise Ă combler cette lacune. Le projet ONS est un projet de logiciel libre conçu pour fournir une bibliothĂšque portable de code source Ă libre disponibilitĂ© devant encapsuler des surfaces bathymĂ©triques maillĂ©es avec des valeurs d'incertitude associĂ©es. Le format du fichier des donnĂ©es est appelĂ© Carroyage bathymĂ©trique attribuĂ© (BAG). Le BAG est dĂ©veloppĂ© est tenu Ă jour par le groupe de travail ONS et le code source est disponible sur le site Web ONS
Crop Updates 2000 - Weeds
This session covers thirty six papers from different authors:
INTRODUCTION, Vanessa Stewart Agriculture Western Australia
INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT
Effect of seeding density, row spacing and Trifluralin on the competitive ability of Annual Ryegrass in a minimum tillage system, David Minkey, Abul Hashem, Glen Riethmuller and Martin Harries, Agriculture Western Australia
High wheat seeding rates coupled with narrow row spacing increases yield and suppresses grass, Peter Newman1 and Cameron Weeks2,1Agronomist, Elders Limited 2Mingenew/Irwin Group
Resistant ryegrass management in a wheat â lupin rotation, Abul Hashem, Harmohinder S. Dhammu, Aik Cheam, David Bowran and Terry Piper, Agriculture Western Australia
Integrated weed management â Will it work with my rotation? Alexandra Wallace, Agriculture Western Australia
Long term herbicide resistance trial â Mingenew, Peter Newman Elders, Cameron Weeks Mingenew-Irwin Group
Is two years enough? Bill Roy, Agricultural Consulting and Research Services
The fate of ryegrass seed when sheep graze chaff cart heaps, Keith L. Devenish1 and Lisa J. Leaver2 1 Agriculture Western Australia, 2Curtin University of Technology, Muresk Institute of Agriculture
Can blanket wiping and crop topping prevent seed set of resistant wild radish and mustard? StAbul Hashem, Harmohinder Dhammu, Vanessa Stewart, Brad Rayner and Mike Collins, Agriculture Western Australia
The value of green manuring in the integrated management of ryegrass, Marta Monjardino1,2, David Pannell2, Stephen Powles1 ,1Western Australia Herbicide Resistance Initiative, 2Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Western Australia
Some ways of increasing wheat competitiveness against ryegrass,, Mike Collins Centre for Cropping Systems, Agriculture Western Australia
WEED BIOLOGY
Understanding and driving weed seed banks to very low levels, Sally Peltzer, Agriculture Western Australi
HERBICIDE RESISTANCE
Cross resistance of chlorsulfuron-resistant wild radish to imidazolinones, Abul Hashem, Harmohinder Dhammu and David Bowran, Agriculture Western Australia
Investigation of suspected triazine resistant ryegrass populations for cross-resistance and multiple resistance to herbicides, Michael Walsh, Charles Boyle and Stephen Powles, Western Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative, University of Western Australia
Genetics and fitness of glyphosate resistant ryegrass, S. Powles1, P. Neve1, D. Lorraine-Colwill2, C. Preston2 ,1WAHRI, University of Western Australia 2 CRC Weed Management Systems, University of Adelaide
Managing herbicide resistance â the effect of local extinction of resistance genes, Art Diggle1, Paul B. Neve2, Stephen B. Powles2 ,1Agriculture Western Australia, 2WAHRI, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Western Australia
The double knock - the best strategy for conserving glyphosate susceptibility? Paul B. Neve1, Art Diggle2, Stephen B. Powles1,1WAHRI, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, 2Agriculture Western Australia
Wild radish had evolved resistance to triazines, Abul Hashem, Harmohinder S. Dhammu, David Bowran and Aik Cheam, Agriculture Western Australia
Ryegrass resistance in Western Australia â where and how much? Rick Llewellyn and Stephen Powles, Western Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Western Australia
Wild radish herbicide resistance survey, Michael Walsh, Ryan Duane and Stephen Powles, Western Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative, University of Western Australia
Knockdown resistance in the Western Australian wheatbelt â a proposed survey, Paul B. Neve1, Abul Hashem2, Stephen B. Powles1,1Western Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative, University of Western Australia, 2Agriculture Western Australia
Diflufenican resistant wild radish, Aik Cheam, Siew Lee, David Bowran, David Nicholson and Abul Hashem, Agriculture Western Australi
Multiple resistance to triazines and diflufenican further complicates wild radish control, Aik Cheam, Siew Lee, David Bowran, David Nicholson and Abul Hashem, Agriculture Western Australia
HERBICIDE TOLERANCE
25. Herbicide tolerance of lupins, Terry Piper, Weed Science Group, Agriculture Western Australia
26. Tanjil lupins will tolerate metribuzin under the right conditions, Peter Newman, Agronomist Elders Limited and Cameron Weeks, Mingenew/Irwin Group
27. Herbicide damage does not mean lower yield in Lupins, Peter Carlton, Trials Coordinator, Elders Limited
28. Herbicide tolerance of new pea varieties, Dr Terry Piper, Agriculture Western Australia
29. Herbicide tolerance of (waterlogged) wheat, Dr Terry Piper, Agriculture Western Australia
30. Wheat tolerance trials â Mingenew 1999, Peter Newman1, Cameron Weeks2 and Stewart Smith3,1Elders, Mingenew, 2Mingenew-Irwin Group,3Agriculture Western Australia
ISSUES OF TRIFLURALIN USE
31. Trifluralin works better on ryegrass when no-tilling into thick wheat stubbles as granules, or mixed with limesand, Bill Crabtree, WANTFA Scientific Officer
32. Increasing trifluralin rate did not compensate for delaying incorporation, Bill Crabtree, WANTFA Scientific Officer
33. Poor emergence survey, 1999, Terry Piper, Weed Science Group, Agriculture Western Australia
HERBICIDES â ISSUES AND OPTIONS
34. AFFINITY 400DF â A new herbicide with a new mode of action (Group G) for Broadleaf Weed Control in Cereals, Gordon Cumming, Technical Officer, Crop Care Australasia
35 Herbicide screening for Marshmallow, David Minkey1 and David Cameron2,1Agriculture Western Australia, 2Elders Ltd, Merredin
36. The control of Capeweed in Clearfield Production System for Canola, Mike Jackson and Scott Paton, Cyanamid Agriculture Pty Ltd
37.Effect of herbicides TordonÀ 75D and LontrelÀ,used for eradication of Skeleton Weed, on production of Lupins I the following seasons, John R. Peirce and Brad J. Rayner, Agriculture Western Australia
INDUSTRY PROTECTION
38. Graingaurd â Opportunities for agribusiness to help protect the West Australian grains industry, Greg Shea, Executive Officer, GrainGuard Agriculture Western Australi
Crop Updates 2000 - Oilseeds
This session covers seventeen papers from different authors:
Introduction, Paul Carmody, Centre for Cropping Systems
CANOLA AGRONOMY
2. Genotype, location and year influence the quality of canola grown across southern Australia, PingSi1, Rodney Mailer2, Nick Galwey1 and David Turner1, 1Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 2Agricultural Research Institute, New South Wales Agriculture
3. Development of PioneerÂź Canola varieties for Australian market,Kevin Morthorpe, StephenAddenbrooke, Pioneer Hi-Bred Australia Pty Ltd
4. Canola, Erucic Acid, Markets and Agronomic Implications, Peter Nelson, The Grain Pool of Western Australia
5. The control of Capeweed in Clearfield Production System for Canola, Mike Jackson and ScottPaton, Cyanamid Agriculture Pty Ltd
6. Responsiveness of Canola to Soil Potassium Levels: How Low Do We Have To Go? Ross Brennan, Noeleen Edwards, Mike Bolland and Bill Bowden,Agriculture Western Australia
7. Adaption of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea) in the Mediterranean Environment of South Western Australia, C.P. Gunasekera1, L.D. Martin1, G.H. Walton2 and K.H.M. Siddique2 1Muresk Institute of Agriculture, Curtin University of Technology, Northam, 2Agriculture Western Australia
8. Physiological Aspects of Drought Tolerance in Brassica napus and B.juncea, Sharon R. Niknam and David W. Turner, Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia
9. Cross resistance of chlorsulfuron-resistant wild radish to imidazolinones, Abul Hashem, Harmohinder Dhammu and David Bowran, Agriculture Western Australia
10. Canola Variety and PBR Update 2000, From The Canola Association of Western Australia
11. Development of a canola ideotype for the low rainfall areas of the western Australian wheat belt, Syed H. Zaheer, Nick W. Galwey and David W. Turner, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia
DISEASE MANAGEMENT
12. Evaluation of fungicides for the management of blackleg in canola, Ravjit Khangura and Martin J. Barbetti, Agriculture Western Australia
13. Impact-IFĂ: Intergral in the control of Blackleg, Peter Carlton, Trials Coordinator, Elders Limited
14. Forecasting aphid and virus risk in canola, Debbie Thackray, Jenny Hawkes and Roger Jones, Agriculture Western Australia and Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture
15. Beet western yellow virus in canola: 1999 survey results, wild radish weed reservoir and suppression by insecticide, Roger Jones and Brenda Coutts, Agriculture Western Australia
16. Are canola crops resilient to damage by aphids and diamond back moths? Françoise Berlandier, Agriculture Western Australia
ECONOMIC OUTLOOK
17. Outlook for prices and implications for rotations, Ross Kingwell1,2, Michael OâConnell1 and Simone Blennerhasset11Agriculture Western Australia 2University of Western Australi
Why Can't Rodents Vomit? A Comparative Behavioral, Anatomical, and Physiological Study
The vomiting (emetic) reflex is documented in numerous mammalian species, including primates and carnivores, yet laboratory rats and mice appear to lack this response. It is unclear whether these rodents do not vomit because of anatomical constraints (e.g., a relatively long abdominal esophagus) or lack of key neural circuits. Moreover, it is unknown whether laboratory rodents are representative of Rodentia with regards to this reflex. Here we conducted behavioral testing of members of all three major groups of Rodentia; mouse-related (rat, mouse, vole, beaver), Ctenohystrica (guinea pig, nutria), and squirrel-related (mountain beaver) species. Prototypical emetic agents, apomorphine (sc), veratrine (sc), and copper sulfate (ig), failed to produce either retching or vomiting in these species (although other behavioral effects, e.g., locomotion, were noted). These rodents also had anatomical constraints, which could limit the efficiency of vomiting should it be attempted, including reduced muscularity of the diaphragm and stomach geometry that is not well structured for moving contents towards the esophagus compared to species that can vomit (cat, ferret, and musk shrew). Lastly, an in situ brainstem preparation was used to make sensitive measures of mouth, esophagus, and shoulder muscular movements, and phrenic nerve activity-key features of emetic episodes. Laboratory mice and rats failed to display any of the common coordinated actions of these indices after typical emetic stimulation (resiniferatoxin and vagal afferent stimulation) compared to musk shrews. Overall the results suggest that the inability to vomit is a general property of Rodentia and that an absent brainstem neurological component is the most likely cause. The implications of these findings for the utility of rodents as models in the area of emesis research are discussed. © 2013 Horn et al
Health, education, and social care provision after diagnosis of childhood visual disability
Aim: To investigate the health, education, and social care provision for children newly diagnosed with visual disability.Method: This was a national prospective study, the British Childhood Visual Impairment and Blindness Study 2 (BCVIS2), ascertaining new diagnoses of visual impairment or severe visual impairment and blindness (SVIBL), or equivalent vi-sion. Data collection was performed by managing clinicians up to 1-year follow-up, and included health and developmental needs, and health, education, and social care provision.Results: BCVIS2 identified 784 children newly diagnosed with visual impairment/SVIBL (313 with visual impairment, 471 with SVIBL). Most children had associated systemic disorders (559 [71%], 167 [54%] with visual impairment, and 392 [84%] with SVIBL). Care from multidisciplinary teams was provided for 549 children (70%). Two-thirds (515) had not received an Education, Health, and Care Plan (EHCP). Fewer children with visual impairment had seen a specialist teacher (SVIBL 35%, visual impairment 28%, Ï2p < 0.001), or had an EHCP (11% vs 7%, Ï2p < 0 . 01).Interpretation: Families need additional support from managing clinicians to access recommended complex interventions such as the use of multidisciplinary teams and educational support. This need is pressing, as the population of children with visual impairment/SVIBL is expected to grow in size and complexity.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited