A calibrated mammal scale for the Neogene of Western Europe. State of the art

A magnetobiostratigraphically calibrated mammal scale for the Neogene of Western Europe is presented in this paper. The Mammal Neogene MN units originally proposed by Mein [Report on activity RCMNS-Working groups] 1975 have been re-defined here on the basis of first appearances of selected small and large mammal taxa. The chronology of the lower boundaries of each unit had been established mostly after the significant magnetobiostratigraphic framework developed in the last decade in a number of Spanish basins: Ebro, Calatayud-Daroca, Vallès-Penedès, Teruel, Fortuna, Cabriel and Guadix-Baza. In the case of the early and middle Miocene particularly, MN 1, MN 2 and MN 3 , the authors have also taken into account the magnetobiostratigraphic framework developed in the North Alpine Foreland Basin. Some alternative correlations of the magnetostratigraphic data from this last basin are proposed in order to achieve a higher degree of consistence with the data from the Iberian basins. A quite well established magnetostratigraphic calibration of the MN boundaries can be proposed for most of the Neogene, from Middle Miocene to Late Pliocene. On the other hand, the chronological boundaries of the Early Miocene MN units are still poorly constrained due to: (1) scarcity of well-studied, continuous, thick magnetostratigraphic sections; (2) the difficulty in defining the boundaries of the MN zones for this time-span due to the relative homogeneity and persistence of the fossil rodent faunas and the absence of significant large mammal dispersal events. Some of the troubles which arise with the application of the MN units strengthen the need to take into account the palaeobiogeographical meaning of these units and their real suitability to date and correlate through extensive geographic areas

Caracterização de paisagens e solos representativos do Estado do Rio de Janeiro para fins de estimativa de estoques de carbono no solo.

Oito áreas representativas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro foram selecionadas para caracterização e amostragem por classe de solo e uso atual, para fins de estudo de estimativa da magnitude do estoque de carbono orgânico sequestrado pelos solos, bem como a sua distribuição vertical nos perfis de solos e a distribuição espacial na paisagem. Dezesseis (16) perfis de solo foram caracterizados, amostrados e analisados quanto à composição química e condições físicas, compreendendo análises completas, granulométrica, densidade do solo e de partículas, e distribuição vertical do carbono orgânico nos perfis, às profundidades de 0-10, 10-20, 20-40, 40-60, 60-80 e 80-100 cm.bitstream/CNPS-2010/14904/1/bpd66-2005-caract-paisagens.pd

High‐resolution rock magnetic cyclostratigraphy in an Eocene flysch, Spanish Pyrenees

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/95346/1/ggge1746.pd

The correlation of RNase A enzymatic activity with the changes in the distance between Nepsilon2-His12 and N delta1-His119 upon addition of stabilizing and destabilizing salts.

The effect of stabilizing and destabilizing salts on the catalytic behavior of ribonuclease A (RNase A) was investigated at pH 7.5 and 25 degrees C, using spectrophotometric, viscometric and molecular dynamic methods. The changes in the distance between N(epsilon2) of His(12) and N(delta1) of His(119) at the catalytic center of RNase A upon the addition of sodium sulfate, sodium hydrogen sulfate and sodium thiocyanate were evaluated by molecular dynamic methods. The compactness and expansion in terms of Stokes radius of RNase A upon the addition of sulfate ions as kosmotropic salts, and thiocyanate ion as a chaotropic salt, were estimated by viscometric measurements. Enzyme activity was measured using cytidine 2', 3'-cyclic monophosphate as a substrate. The results from the measurements of distances between N(epsilon2) of His(12) and N(delta1) of His(119) and Stokes radius suggest (i) that the presence of sulfate ions decreases the distance between the catalytic His residues and increases the globular compactness, and (ii) that there is an expansion of the enzyme surface as well as elongation of the catalytic center in the presence of thiocyanate ion. These findings are in agreement with activity measurements

O novo mapa de solos do Brasil: legenda atualizada.

O novo mapa de solos do Brasil na escala 1:5.000.000, atualizado de acordo com o Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos (2006), possibilita a identificação e visualização das diferentes classes gerais de solos. O novo mapa se faz necessário para manter atualizada a informação de solos do país a partir dos mapas de solos do Brasil produzidos em 1981 pela Embrapa e o de 2001 pelo IBGE/EMBRAPA, acompanhando o avanço dos estudos de solos e o progresso contínuo do Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos. As principais mudanças no mapa são de natureza taxonômica, não havendo qualquer alteração quanto à generalização cartográfica observada nos mapas anteriores. Da mesma forma que os mapas anteriores, exibe uma visão panorâmica da grande diversidade de solos do país, fornecendo informações para fins de ensino, pesquisa e extensão, planejamento territorial, compreensão da paisagem nacional para fins de zoneamentos e planejamentos regionais e estaduais em escalas generalizadas.bitstream/item/123772/1/DOC-130-O-novo-mapa-de-solos-do-Brasil.pdf; bitstream/item/123773/1/Mapa-de-solos-do-Brasil-Legenda-atualizada-2011.pdf1 mapa, color. Escala 1:5.000.000