Kohesi Leksikal dalam Upacara Marhata Sinamot Etnik Batak Toba

Karya ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kohesi leksikal yang terdapat dalam upacara marhata sinamot dalam etnik batak toba. Teori kohesi leksikal ini dikemukakan oleh halliday dan hasan yang pertama kali dikemukakan dalam buku terkenal yaitu yang berjudul,” cohesion in english” (1976). Teori ini menggambarkan bagaimana kata-kata dalam sebuah teks saling terkait dan membentuk kesatuan makna. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data yaitu dengan mendokumentasikan dan study literature. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Tradisi upacara marhata sinamot dalam batak toba ini yaitu salah satu tradisi penting dalam budaya suku batak toba yang dimana tradisi ini dapat mencerminkan nilai-nilai dan keyakinan masyarakatnya. Upacara ini kaya akan penggunaan bahasa, khususnya dalam hal penggunaan kohesi leksikal. Yang dimana kohesi leksikal ini mengacu pada hubungan makna antara kata-kata salam teks, yang membantu menciptakan koherensi dan pemahaman yang lebih baik bagi pembaca atau pendengar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kohesi leksikal dalam teks upacara marhata sinamot terwujud dalam berbagai bentuk, seperti repetisi, sinonim, hiponim, antonim dan kolokasi. Penggunaan sinonim dan hiponim memperkaya makna teks dan membantu pembaca atau pendengar memahami konsep-konsep tersebut dengan lebih baik. Antonim digunakan untuk membedakan antara konsep yang berlawanan, seperti “ baik” dan “ buruk”, “ benar” dan “ salah “, “ hidup” dan “mati”. Kolokasi membantu pendengar atau pembaca memahami makna kata-kata tertentu dengan lebih baik dengan melihat kata-kata yang sering muncul. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kohei leksikal memainkan peran penting dalam menciptakan koherensi dan pemahaman yang lebih baik bagi pembaca teks upacara marhata sinamot. &nbsp

Secondary education reform in Lesotho and Zimbabwe and the needs of rural girls: Pronouncements, policy and practice

Analysis of the educational needs of rural girls in Lesotho and Zimbabwe suggests a number of shortcomings in the current form of secondary education, and ways in which it might be modified so as to serve this sizeable group of students better. Several of the shortcomings, notably in relation to curricular irrelevance and excessive focus on examinations, have long been recognised, including by politicians. Yet political pronouncements are seldom translated into policy, and even where policy is formulated, reforms are seldom implemented in schools. This paper makes use of interviews with educational decision-makers in the two southern African countries and a range of documentary sources to explore why, despite the considerable differences between the two contexts, much needed educational reforms have been implemented in neither

Longitudinal examination of infant baseline and reactivity cortisol from ages 7 to 16 months

This study characterized the longitudinal evolution of HPA axis functioning from 7 to 16 months of age and identified individual and environmental factors that shape changes in HPA axis functioning over time. Participants were 167 mother–infant dyads drawn from a larger longitudinal study, recruited based on maternal history of being maltreated during childhood. Salivary cortisol levels were assessed before and after age‐appropriate psychosocial stressors when infants were 7 and 16 months old. Maternal observed parenting and maternal reports of infant and environmental characteristics were obtained at 7 months and evaluated as predictors of changes in infant baseline cortisol and reactivity from 7 to 16 months. Results revealed that infants did not show a cortisol response at 7 months, but reactivity to psychosocial stress emerged by 16 months. Individual differences in cortisol baseline and reactivity levels over time were related to infant sex and maternal overcontrolling behaviors, underscoring the malleable and socially informed nature of early HPA axis functioning. Findings can inform prevention and intervention efforts to promote healthy stress regulation during infancy. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 57: 356–364, 2015.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/110887/1/dev21296.pd

BUY SPEAR FROM SIDE OR BEAR IT: KAJIAN KOMPARATIF PENGATURAN PERBUATAN MELAWAN HUKUM DI INDONESIA DAN BELANDA

In Indonesia, Acts against the Law (PMH) have remained the same since the KUHPer was enacted in Stb. 1847 No. 23, namely an engagement born for the sake of the law or arising from the law as a result of the actions of people who violate the law. The term Buy spear from side or bear it contains meanings that need to be studied. Indonesia, which inherits the Dutch Criminal Code and the Netherlands itself, needs to be looked at further. For this reason, this research was conducted. In this article, the author uses a normative juridical method with a comparative approach. The findings in this study include that the meaning of PMH is expanded because of jurisprudence and only to what is violated which is now not only law but also decency or with what is considered appropriate in social life. In the Netherlands, the meaning of PMH has also been expanded. Based on Article 6:162 of the Dutch BW, what is violated is not limited to social norms that are reasonable according to unwritten law, but also obligations imposed by law, even the settlement of violations of obligations imposed by the criminal law can be directed only to the provision of compensation as appropriate for the settlement of PMH. . Although each of them has undergone expansion, however, PMH is still a concept in civil law that creates a relationship between the right to claim compensation and the obligation to provide compensation between parties who previously did not have any rights. relationship

Tinjauan bagaimana regulasi tentang NFT dapat mempengaruhi perlindungan hukum terhadap konten diskriminatif dan pelecehan?

Perkembangan teknologi informasi mendorong hampir seluruh bidang dalam kehidupan masyarakat menjadi sesuatu yang berbentuk digital terutama dalam bidang perdagangan. Saat ini masyarakat lebih memilih sesuatu yang bersifat praktis, cepat, dan efisien sehingga berbagai platform digital digunakan dalam kegiatan sehari-hari Non Fungible Token (NFT) menjadi topik perbincangan hangat beberapa tahun terakhir, meskipun teknologi ini telah ada sejak tahun 2014, popularitas dan jumlah transaksi NFT terus meningkat drastis hingga menciptakan suatu trend baru karena banyak mencatat transaksi dengan harga yang fantasti

Upaya Perlindungan Hak Cipta Kesenian dan Budaya Reog Ponorogo yang Sering Di Klaim Negara Tetangga

Pada zaman globalisasi dan era desentralisasi politik ini, kebudayaan daerah di Indonesia sedang mengalami perubahan akibat tekanan dari berbagai sudut Dalam konteks ini, pada tahun 2007 sebuah kontroversi muncul di Indonesia mengenai salah satu kesenian tradisional yang berasal dari Kabupaten Ponorogo, Jawa Timur. Kontroversi itu berdasarkan persepsi masyarakat Ponorogo dan masyarakat luas Indonesia bahwa Malaysia telah mengklaim kesenian Reog Ponorogo lewat pencantuman kesenian tersebut dalam sebuah iklan pariwisata Malaysia, Kebudayaan daerah mengalami perubahan dari berbagai sudut, disertai masuknya unsur-unsur luar yang menantang identitas lokal. Namun desentralisasi politik di Indonesia dan pemindahan kewenangan dalam bidang pendidikan dan kebudayaan ke dalam tangan Pemerintah Daerah mendorong pengembalian kepada identitas budaya daerah tersebut

How to Interpret and Apply Doctrinal Principles in Indonesian Corporate Law

Bagaimana menafsirkan dan menerapkan prinsip-prinsip Doktrin Hukum Korporat Indonesia, Karakteristik Perusahaan Berbicara tentang perusahaan, tentu tidak terlepas dari karakter yang melekat nya. Terdapat beberapa sudut pandang terkait karakteristik perusahaan. Karakter-karakter yang dimaksud, prinsip doktrin hukum korporat ada berbgai macam. Prinsip-prinsip maupun doktrin-doktrin atau bahkan peraturan perundang undangan yang megatur tentang perusahaan tidak dijadikan sebagai dasar tuntutan atau pertimbangan, atau perkara diajukan deangan mengugunakan peraturan perundang-undanga

"Be anything – become a teacher". Negotiation and acquisition of job-related subject norms by prospective teachers

Öffentliche Diskurse über den Lehrberuf stehen aktuell wieder im Fokus wissenschaftlicher Auseinandersetzungen. Dabei ist wenig geklärt, welche Relevanz sie für Professionalisierungsprozesse besitzen. Für den Beitrag wurden Analysen öffentlicher Lehrer:innenbilder mit der Rekonstruktion einer Gruppendiskussion verschränkt, um so Subjektivierungsprozesse angehender Lehrpersonen nachzuzeichnen. Die Rekonstruktionen zeigen, wie antagonistische Subjektnormen einer entgrenzten Zuständigkeit – im Sinne von potenziell überfordernder Allzuständigkeit und idealisierender Omnipotenz – im Lehrberuf miteinander verwoben sind und wie sie von Lehramtsstudierenden ausgehandelt und angeeignet werden. Abschließend diskutieren wir vor diesem Hintergrund eine diskurstheoretische Perspektive auf Professionalisierung im Lehrberuf. (DIPF/Orig.)Public discourses about the teaching profession are currently again the focus of academic debate. At the same time, the relevance of these discourses for professionalisation processes is not well understood. For this article, analyses of public images of teachers were combined with the reconstruction of a group discussion in order to trace subjectivation processes of student teachers. The reconstructions show how antagonistic subject norms of a delimited responsibility - in the sense of potentially overtaxing all responsibility and idealising omnipotence - are interwoven in the teaching profession and how they are negotiated and appropriated by student teachers. Finally, we discuss a discourse-theoretical perspective on professionalisation of teachers against this context. (DIPF/Orig.

Sozialräumliche Segregation und Bildungsungleichheiten in der Grundschule – eine Bestandsaufnahme

Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEA

Water users' association in Minor 10 (Shevare), Bhima Project: Farmers' experience

Water distributionWater ratesWater users' associationsFarmers' associationsPrivatizationIrrigation canals