Women Writers of Sangam Era in Auvaiyar's Songs

A woman's language develops in order to create a new language of her own against the gendered stereotypes that are suppressed within cultural boundaries. Its main aim is to destroy the dominant norms taught by men. When trying to break it down, she should write about her sexual experiences without censoring them. They should not be afraid of social criticism. Auvaiyar's songs proves that the feminist writers who lived two thousand years ago never bothered about social criticism. Sangam songs follows tradition. The leadership of the patriarchal society is rooted in Sangam literature. However, the sentiments of women are recorded in the songs of feminist poets. Their  subconsciousness thoughts and voice in their works has also emerged as a woman's language. This article explores the subconscious experiences of Auvaiyar in Sangam literary  songs and feminine language of that sensory perception

Dialect in Contemporary Literature (Regional Dialects)

Language is the identity of society. Literature that emerges through these languages also reflects society. In that sense every literature is set up with every language style. That is to say, the literature that appeared in the Sanam period was based on the proverbial language style of the time. After that the language of prose takes shape. Prose is a form of writing that simply conveys ideas as if speaking without grammatical conventions. It was followed by the pre-independence literature of the quest for freedom. A few lawsuits have been filed in the political arena since independence. Thus the language is constantly changing from time to time. The vast majority of literature produced today is centered on the regional Languge. This Article moves on to the cause of such social change and the consequences of change on society

Kachippetu Nannakaiyar’s Songs

The writer's work reflects his society and environment. More than that his imagination and illustrations add beauty to the work. Among the Sangam literary works that sparkle with such beauty is Kurunthogai which contains four-hundred internal hymns. Kachippaettu Nannakaiyar is one of the women in this group. She has sung six songs related to the theme division. This essay examines how her literary style is shaped by the metaphors. The article is approached at four levels. In the first stage, the pathos of Kachippaettu Nannakaiyar are told through six songs. That is to say, her ethos is to prioritize practicality, to express the inherent psychology applicable to all periods, and to deal with natural metaphors as hes ethos. Secondly, it can be seen that her morals are consistent with the traditions of the sect. As a third stage, the woman feels the difference between the feelings of women's and men's separation are clearly explained. That means the songs of Kachippaettu Nannakaiyar are compared to the songs of Perungaduko who sang Palai thinai songs. The fourth stage is about Nannagaiyar who has written two sectarian songs in Kurunthogai. Since the essence of her concept and her name are the same, it is established that these two are one and the same. Analytical, descriptive and comparative research approaches are used in this article

Charge Based Quantization Model for Triple-Gate FINFETS

In this article we have developed an analytical model for Tri gate Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) by including quantum effects. The coupled Schrödinger and Poisson’s equation is solved using variational approach to develop an analytical quantum model. An analytical model for charge centroid is obtained and then inversion charge model is developed with quantum effects by means of oxide capacitance for different channel thickness and gate oxide thickness. The compact model is shown to reproduce transfer characteristics, transconductance and C-V curve of tri gate MOSFET using the model. The modeled results are then compared to the simulated results. The comparison shows the accuracy of the proposed model

Drugs modulating apoptosis: current status

Apoptosis (programmed cell death) is a natural process that helps in removing potentially harmful cells from the body and replacing it with normal ones. Like any other process, it is also subjected to lots of deregulations and can lead to diseases like cancer, neurodegenerative conditions, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, autoimmune disorders and inappropriate death of cells after liver failure, stroke and myocardial infarction. The knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in apoptosis has been progressed tremendously. Thus, therapeutics targeting apoptosis have been emerged as a novel approach for treating various disease conditions. Current approaches induce or inhibit apoptosis by targeting the key regulators of apoptosis such as Bcl2 family of proteins, TRAIL, caspases, MDM2, IAPs and p53. While many apoptotic drugs proved its efficacy in preclinical studies, some are already approved and entered the clinical setting. Numerous novel approaches such as antisense therapy, gene therapy, recombinant biologics and combinatorial chemistry are being employed to target these regulators. This review focused on the pathways of apoptosis, various therapeutic targets in apoptosis and the drugs modulating these targets

In vitro salt stress induced production of gymnemic acid in callus cultures of Gymnema sylvestre R.Br.

Gymnema sylvestre, a well known antidiabetic plant, was cultured in vitro for callus induction using leaf explant. Gymnemic acid content enhancement under the influence of different plant hormones like 2,4- D, BA with or without NaCl supplementation to the MS medium is presented in this investigation. The highest efficiency of callus formation was observed in the medium containing different concentrations of 2,4-D. The gymnemic acid content increased with increasing concentration of 2,4-D along with NaCl.Key words: In vitro, Gymnema sylvestre, callus culture, gymnemic acid, salt stress

EFFECTIVENESS OF CINNAMON TEA IN REDUCING WEIGHT AMONG LATE OBESE ADOLESCENCE

Objective: The objective of the study is to determine the effectiveness of cinnamon tea in reducing weight among late obese adolescent.Methods: Pre experimental research design was adopted to conduct the study with 30 samples who met the inclusion criteria. Cinnamon tea was given for the samples for 15 days and  theirweight and BMI was measured before as well as after the intervention. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results:Out of 30 samples in pretest, 70% of them had overweight and 30% of them had class I obesity with the BMI mean value of 28.75 and2.72 standard deviation. In posttest 20% of them were normal weight, 66.67% of them were overweight and 13.33% of them were Class I obesity.The posttest BMI mean was 27.45 with 3.34 standard deviation. Paired t test revealed that Cinnamon tea was found to be effective in reducing weight at the level of *P<0.05.Conclusion:the findings of the present study revealed that the prescribed cinnamon tea resulted in an improvement reduction of weight. However, we need further studies with larger samples to investigate the effect of cinnamon in reducing the different factors like weight, BMI, hip waist circumference level in obese adolescents.Keywords: Obesity, Childhood obesity, Adolescent, Cinnamon, BMI, Weight, Cinnamon teaÂ

A Semi-Analytical Solution for a Porous Channel Flow of a Non-Newtonian Fluid

A theoretical study of steady laminar two-dimensional flow of a non-Newtonian fluid in a parallel porous channel with variable permeable walls is carried out. Solution by Differential Transform Method (DTM) is obtained and the flow behavior is studied. The non-Newtonian fluid considered for the study is couple stress fluid. Thus, in addition to the effects of inertia and permeabilities on the flow, the couple stress effects are also analyzed. Results are presented and comparisons are made between the behaviour of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids

Shrimp Seed - A Critical Problem Faced by Shrimp Farmers - A Cross Sectional Analysis

Seed is a major input in shrimp farming and all the farmers and entrepreneurs depend on hatchery seeds. For expansion of brackishwater shrimp farming, a regular and steady supply of quality shrimp seeds in large quantities at a given time for stocking Is essential. Hatcheries are the source for the supply of quality hatchery seeds and stocking wild seeds Is banned. Presently, in Tamll Nadu there ore 68 shrimp hatcheries with a production capacity of 3000 million post-larvae. The survey was carried out In Nagapattinam and Thanjavur In two districts of Tamil Nadu. A sample of 300 shrimp farmers was Interviewed randomly for the study. This paper presents the prbblems pertaining to shrlmp seed encountered by the farmers and suggestions to overcome the same. The problems encountered by the farmers in both districts were lack of assurance on quality seeds, non-existence of government agency for regulating the price of seeds, high cost of seeds, non-availability of seeds from research institutes, inadequate supply of hatchery seeds, mortality of seeds during transportation, mixed seeds and deceptive method of counting the seeds. Suggestions given by them to overcome the problems were that the government research institutes should set up some mare hatcheries and virus free Nauplius shoutd be supplied to the farmers, assurance about seed quality from research institute and production of improved broodstock from government research laboratories. Since wjthout a heaithy broodstock shrimp farmers cannot hope to get quality seed, PCR was suggested as a sensitive diagnostic tool for detecting viral infection but due to various gaps in training this tool has not been used with consistent results