1,236 research outputs found
Iterative adaption of the bidimensional wall of the French T2 wind tunnel around a C5 axisymmetrical model: Infinite variation of the Mach number at zero incidence and a test at increased incidence
The top and bottom two-dimensional walls of the T2 wind tunnel are adapted through an iterative process. The adaptation calculation takes into account the flow three-dimensionally. This method makes it possible to start with any shape of walls. The tests were performed with a C5 axisymmetric model at ambient temperature. Comparisons are made with the results of a true three-dimensional adaptation
The First-Priniple Simulation Study on the Specific Grain Boundary Resistivity in Copper Interconnects
In this work, we present a systematic simulation study of numerous copper (Cu) grain boundaries with the nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) framework based on the Density Functional Theory (DFT). In order to evaluate the effect of specific resistivity of various grain boundary profiles we developed the required methodology and we proposed an analytical equation for predicting the specific resistivity at each GB configuration. Moreover, in this work we also considered different crystal transport orientations and coincidence site lattices. Based on our simulations, we found that the specific grain boundary resistivity strongly depends on the transport orientations of the grains but not on the coincidence site lattice (CSL) density
About low field memory and negative magnetization in semiconductors and polymers
Ginzburg-Landau bulk magnetization of itinerant electrons can provide a
negative effective field in the Weiss model by coupling to localized magnetic
moments. The coupling enforces remnant magnetization, which can be negative or
positive depending on the sample magnetic history. Stable magnetic
susceptibility of coupled nonequilibrium subsystems with magnetization reversal
is always positive. Gauss-scale fields could be expected for switching between
negative and positive remnant moments in semiconductors with coupling at
ambient temperatures. Negative magnetization in ultra-high conducting polymers
is also discussed within the developed framework.Comment: 8 pages, no figure
Welfare Reform and the Intergenerational Transmission of Dependence
We estimate the effect of welfare reform on the intergenerational transmission of welfare participation using a long panel of mother-daughter pairs over the survey period 1968-2013 in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Because states implemented welfare reform at different times starting in 1992, the cross-state variation over time permits us to quasi-experimentally separate out the effect of mothersā participation on daughtersā welfare choice in the pre- and post-welfare reform periods. Our empirical framework also addresses potential issues in identifying a causal pathway from parent to child that arise from correlated unobservables in welfare decisions, misclassification error in survey reports, life-cycle differences in measuring the parent and childās age of welfare usage, and cross-state mobility. We find that a motherās welfare participation increased her daughterās odds of participation as an adult by around 25 to 35 percentage points, but that welfare reform attenuated this transmission by at least 50 percent, or at least 30 percent over the baseline odds of participation. However, when we broaden the definition of welfare received by the daughter to also include assistance from means-tested food or disability assistance, then the transmission from mother to daughter does not decrease after welfare reform. This seems to be a consequence of persistence in intergenerational poverty status
Compilation and validation of SAR and optical data products for a complete and global map of inland/ocean water tailored to the climate modeling community
Accurate maps of surface water extent are of paramount importance for water management, satellite data processing and climate modeling. Several maps of water bodies based on remote sensing data have been released during the last decade. Nonetheless, none has a truly (90Ā°N/90Ā°S) global coverage while being thoroughly validated. This paper describes a global, spatially-complete (void-free) and accurate mask of inland/ocean water for the 2000ā2012 period, built in the framework of the European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI). This map results from the synergistic combination of multiple individual SAR and optical water body and auxiliary datasets. A key aspect of this work is the original and rigorous stratified random sampling designed for the quality assessment of binary classifications where one class is marginally distributed. Input and consolidated products were assessed qualitatively and quantitatively against a reference validation database of 2110 samples spread throughout the globe. Using all samples, overall accuracy was always very high among all products, between 98% and 100%. The CCI global map of open water bodies provided the best water class representation (F-score of 89%) compared to its constitutive inputs. When focusing on the challenging areas for water bodiesā mapping, such as shorelines, lakes and river banks, all products yielded substantially lower accuracy figures with overall accuracies ranging between 74% and 89%. The inland water area of the CCI global map of open water bodies was estimated to be 3.17 million km2 Ā± 0.24 million km2. The dataset is freely available through the ESA CCI Land Cover viewer
Analyse des liaisons entre la morphologie et l'aptitude au galop au trot et au saut d'obstacles chez le Cheval
International audienc
Impact of a non-restrictive satiating diet on anthropometrics, satiety responsiveness and eating behaviour traits in obese men displaying a high or a low satiety phenotype
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a non-restrictive satiating diet in men displaying various degrees of satiety efficiency. In all, sixty-nine obese men aged 41Ā·5 (sd 5Ā·7) years were randomly assigned to a control (10ā15, 55ā60 and 30 % energy as protein, carbohydrate and lipid, respectively; n 34) or satiating (20ā25, 45ā50 and 30ā35 % energy as protein, carbohydrate and lipid, respectively; n 35) diet for 16 weeks, and were classified as having a low (LSP) or high (HSP) satiety phenotype. Both diets were consumed ad libitum. Changes in body weight, BMI, percent fat mass, waist circumference, satiety responsiveness and eating behaviour traits were assessed following the intervention. Dropout rates were higher in the control diet (44Ā·1 %) compared with the satiating diet (8Ā·6 %). Decreases in body weight, BMI and waist circumference were significant in both groups, yet HSP individuals lost more body weight than LSP individuals (P=0Ā·048). Decreases in % fat mass were greater in the satiating diet (LSP: ā2Ā·1 (sd 2Ā·1) %; P<0Ā·01 and HSP: ā3Ā·0 (sd 2Ā·5) %; P<0Ā·001) compared with the control diet (LSP: ā1Ā·1 (sd 2Ā·5) % and HSP: ā1Ā·3 (sd 2Ā·6) %) (P=0Ā·034). Satiety responsiveness was markedly improved in the satiating diet, whereas no significant changes were observed in the control group. Changes in dietary restraint (+3Ā·3 (sd 2Ā·9) to +7Ā·2 (sd 5Ā·5)), flexible control (+0Ā·9 (sd 1Ā·4) to +2Ā·3 (sd 2Ā·7)), rigid control (+2Ā·2 (sd 1Ā·5) to +2Ā·5 (sd 2Ā·8)), disinhibition (ā2Ā·8 (sd 3Ā·7) to ā3Ā·2 (sd 2Ā·6)) and susceptibility to hunger (ā2Ā·7 (sd 4Ā·1) to ā4Ā·6 (sd 3Ā·9)) were similar between the diets. Compared with the control diet, the satiating diet favoured adherence, decreased % fat mass and improved satiety responsiveness in both HSP and LSP individuals
Developing serious games for cultural heritage: a state-of-the-art review
Although the widespread use of gaming for leisure purposes has been well documented, the use of games to support cultural heritage purposes, such as historical teaching and learning, or for enhancing museum visits, has been less well considered. The state-of-the-art in serious game technology is identical to that of the state-of-the-art in entertainment games technology. As a result, the field of serious heritage games concerns itself with recent advances in computer games, real-time computer graphics, virtual and augmented reality and artificial intelligence. On the other hand, the main strengths of serious gaming applications may be generalised as being in the areas of communication, visual expression of information, collaboration mechanisms, interactivity and entertainment. In this report, we will focus on the state-of-the-art with respect to the theories, methods and technologies used in serious heritage games. We provide an overview of existing literature of relevance to the domain, discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the described methods and point out unsolved problems and challenges. In addition, several case studies illustrating the application of methods and technologies used in cultural heritage are presented
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